Padabh±jan²yavaººan±

92. G±mo n±m±ti evam±di “g±m± v± araññ± v±”ti ettha vuttassa g±massa ca araññassa ca pabhedadassanattha½ vutta½. Tattha yasmi½ g±me ek± eva kuµi, eka½ geha½ seyyath±pi malayajanapade; aya½ ekakuµiko g±mo n±ma. Etena nayena aparepi veditabb±. Amanusso n±ma yo sabbaso v± manuss±na½ abh±vena yakkhapariggahabh³to; yato v± manuss± kenaci k±raºena punapi ±gantuk±m± eva apakkant±. Parikkhitto n±ma iµµhakap±k±ra½ ±di½ katv± antamaso kaºµakas±kh±hipi parikkhitto. Gonis±diniviµµho n±ma v²thisannives±divasena anivisitv± yath± g±vo tattha tattha dve tayo nis²danti, eva½ tattha tattha dve t²ºi ghar±ni katv± niviµµho. Satthoti jaªghasatthasakaµasatth±d²su yo koci. Imasmiñca sikkh±pade nigamopi nagarampi g±maggahaºeneva gahitanti veditabba½.

G±m³pac±roti-±di araññaparicchedadassanattha½ vutta½. Indakh²le µhitass±ti yassa g±massa anur±dhapurasseva dve indakh²l±, tassa abbhantarime indakh²le µhitassa; tassa hi b±hiro indakh²lo ±bhidhammikanayena araññasaªkhepa½ gacchati. Yassa pana eko, tassa g±madv±rab±h±na½ vemajjhe µhitassa. Yatr±pi hi indakh²lo natthi, tatra g±madv±rab±h±na½ vemajjhameva “indakh²lo”ti vuccati. Tena vutta½– “g±madv±rab±h±na½ vemajjhe µhitass±”ti. Majjhimass±ti th±mamajjhimassa, no pam±ºamajjhimassa, neva appath±massa, na mah±th±massa; majjhimath±mass±ti vutta½ hoti. Le¹¹up±toti yath± m±tug±mo k±ke u¹¹±pento ujukameva hattha½ ukkhipitv± le¹¹u½ khipati, yath± ca udakukkhepe udaka½ khipanti, eva½ akhipitv± yath± taruºamanuss± attano bala½ dassent± b±ha½ pas±retv± le¹¹u½ khipanti, eva½ khittassa le¹¹ussa patanaµµh±na½. Patito pana luµhitv± yattha gacchati, ta½ na gahetabba½.

Aparikkhittassa g±massa ghar³pac±re µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±toti ettha pana nibbakosassa udakap±taµµh±ne µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa suppap±to v± musalap±to v± ghar³pac±ro n±ma. Tasmi½ ghar³pac±re µhitassa le¹¹up±to g±m³pac±roti kurundaµµhakath±ya½ vutta½. Mah±paccariyampi t±disameva. Mah±-aµµhakath±ya½ pana “ghara½ n±ma, ghar³pac±ro n±ma, g±mo n±ma, g±m³pac±ro n±m±”ti m±tika½ µhapetv± nibbakosassa udakap±taµµh±nabbhantara½ ghara½ n±ma. Ya½ pana dv±re µhito m±tug±mo bh±janadhovana-udaka½ cha¹¹eti, tassa patanaµµh±nañca m±tug±meneva antogehe µhitena pakatiy± bahi khittassa suppassa v± sammuñjaniy± v± patanaµµh±nañca, gharassa purato dv²su koºesu sambandhitv± majjhe rukkhas³cidv±ra½ µhapetv± gor³p±na½ pavesananiv±raºattha½ kataparikkhepo ca aya½ sabbopi ghar³pac±ro n±ma. Tasmi½ ghar³pac±re µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±tabbhantara½ g±mo n±ma. Tato aññassa le¹¹up±tassa abbhantara½ g±m³pac±ro n±m±ti vutta½. Idamettha pam±ºa½. Yath± cettha, eva½ sabbattha yo yo aµµhakath±v±do v± therav±do v± pacch± vuccati so pam±ºato daµµhabbo.

Yañceta½ mah±-aµµhakath±ya½ vutta½, ta½ p±¼iy± viruddhamiva dissati. P±¼iyañhi– “ghar³pac±re µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±to”ti ettakameva vutta½. Aµµhakath±ya½ pana ta½ le¹¹up±ta½ g±masaªkhepa½ katv± tato para½ g±m³pac±ro vuttoti? Vuccate– saccameva p±¼iya½ vutta½ adhipp±yo panettha veditabbo. So ca aµµhakath±cariy±nameva vidito. Tasm± yath± “ghar³pac±re µhitass±”ti ettha ghar³pac±ralakkhaºa½ p±¼iya½ avuttampi aµµhakath±ya½ vuttavasena gahita½. Eva½ sesampi gahetabba½.

Tatr±ya½ nayo– idha g±mo n±ma duvidho hoti– parikkhitto ca aparikkhitto ca. Tatra parikkhittassa parikkhepoyeva paricchedo. Tasm± tassa visu½ pariccheda½ avatv± “g±m³pac±ro n±ma parikkhittassa g±massa indakh²le µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±to”ti p±¼iya½ vutta½. Aparikkhittassa pana g±massa g±maparicchedo vattabbo. Tasm± tassa g±maparicchedadassanattha½ “aparikkhittassa g±massa ghar³pac±re µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±to”ti vutta½. G±maparicchede ca dassite g±m³pac±ralakkhaºa½ pubbe vuttanayeneva sakk± ñ±tunti puna “tattha µhitassa majjhimassa purisassa le¹¹up±to”ti na vutta½. Yo pana ghar³pac±re µhitassa le¹¹up±ta½yeva “g±m³pac±ro”ti vadati, tassa ghar³pac±ro g±moti ±pajjati. Tato ghara½, ghar³pac±ro, g±mo g±m³pac±roti esa vibh±go saªkar²yati. Asaªkarato cettha vinicchayo veditabbo vik±le g±mappavesan±d²su. Tasm± p±¼iñca aµµhakathañca sa½sanditv± vuttanayenevettha g±mo ca g±m³pac±ro ca veditabbo. Yopi ca g±mo pubbe mah± hutv± pacch± kulesu naµµhesu appako hoti, so ghar³pac±rato le¹¹up±teneva paricchinditabbo. Purimaparicchedo panassa parikkhittass±pi aparikkhittass±pi appam±ºamev±ti.

Arañña½ n±ma µhapetv± g±mañca g±m³pac±rañc±ti ima½ yath±vuttalakkhaºa½ g±mañca g±m³pac±rañca µhapetv± imasmi½ adinn±d±nasikkh±pade avasesa½ “arañña½” n±m±ti veditabba½. Abhidhamme pana “araññanti nikkhamitv± bahi indakh²l± sabbameta½ araññan”ti (vibha. 529) vutta½. ¾raññakasikkh±pade “±raññaka½ n±ma sen±sana½ pañcadhanusatika½ pacchiman”ti (p±r±. 654) vutta½. Ta½ indakh²lato paµµh±ya ±ropitena ±cariyadhanun± pañcadhanusatappam±ºanti veditabba½. Eva½ bhagavat± “g±m± v± araññ± v±”ti etassa attha½ vibhajantena “ghara½, ghar³pac±ro, g±mo, g±m³pac±ro araññan”ti p±pabhikkh³na½ lesok±sanisedhanattha½ pañca koµµh±s± dassit±. Tasm± ghare v± ghar³pac±re v± g±me v± g±m³pac±re v± araññe v± p±dagghanakato paµµh±ya sass±mika½ bhaº¹a½ avaharantassa p±r±jikamev±ti veditabba½.

Id±ni “adinna½ theyyasaªkh±ta½ ±diyeyy±”ti-±d²na½ atthadassanattha½ “adinna½ n±m±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha adinnanti dantaponasikkh±pade attano santakampi appaµiggahitaka½ kappiya½ ajjhoharaº²ya½ vuccati. Idha pana ya½kiñci parapariggahita½ sass±mika½ bhaº¹a½, tadeta½ tehi s±mikehi k±yena v± v±c±ya v± na dinnanti adinna½. Attano hatthato v± yath±µhitaµµh±nato v± na nissaµµhanti anissaµµha½. Yath±µh±ne µhitampi anapekkhat±ya na pariccattanti apariccatta½. ¾rakkhasa½vidh±nena rakkhitatt± rakkhita½. Mañj³s±d²su pakkhipitv± gopitatt± gopita½. “Mama idan”ti taºh±mamattena mam±yitatt± mam±yita½. T±hi aparicc±garakkhaºagopan±hi tehi bhaº¹as±mikehi parehi pariggahitanti parapariggahita½. Eta½ adinna½ n±ma.

Theyyasaªkh±tanti ettha thenoti coro, thenassa bh±vo theyya½; avaharaºacittasseta½ adhivacana½. “Saªkh±, saªkh±tan”ti atthato eka½; koµµh±sasseta½ adhivacana½, “saññ±nid±n± hi papañcasaªkh±”ti-±d²su (su. ni. 880) viya. Theyyañca ta½ saªkh±tañc±ti theyyasaªkh±ta½, theyyacittasaªkh±to eko cittakoµµh±soti attho. Karaºatthe ceta½ paccattavacana½, tasm± theyyasaªkh±ten±ti atthato daµµhabba½. Yo ca theyyasaªkh±tena ±diyati, so yasm± theyyacitto hoti, tasm± byañjana½ an±diyitv± atthameva dassetu½ theyyacitto avaharaºacittoti evamassa padabh±jana½ vuttanti veditabba½.

¾diyeyya , hareyya, avahareyya, iriy±patha½ vikopeyya, µh±n± c±veyya, saªketa½ v²tin±meyy±ti ettha pana paµhamapada½ abhiyogavasena vutta½, dutiyapada½ aññesa½ bhaº¹a½ harantassa gacchato vasena, tatiyapada½ upanikkhittabhaº¹avasena, catuttha½ saviññ±ºakavasena, pañcama½ thale nikkhitt±divasena, chaµµha½ parikappavasena v± suªkagh±tavasena v± vuttanti veditabba½. Yojan± panettha ekabhaº¹avasenapi n±n±bhaº¹avasenapi hoti. Ekabhaº¹avasena ca saviññ±ºakeneva labbhati, n±n±bhaº¹avasena saviññ±ºak±viññ±ºakamissakena.

Tattha n±n±bhaº¹avasena t±va eva½ veditabba½– ±diyeyy±ti ±r±ma½ abhiyuñjati, ±patti dukkaµassa. S±mikassa vimati½ upp±deti, ±patti thullaccayassa. S±miko “na mayha½ bhavissat²”ti dhura½ nikkhipati, ±patti p±r±jikassa.

Hareyy±ti aññassa bhaº¹a½ haranto s²se bh±ra½ theyyacitto ±masati, ±patti dukkaµassa. Phand±peti, ±patti thullaccayassa. Khandha½ oropeti, ±patti p±r±jikassa.

Avahareyy±ti upanikkhitta½ bhaº¹a½ “dehi me bhaº¹an”ti vuccam±no “n±ha½ gaºh±m²”ti bhaºati, ±patti dukkaµassa. S±mikassa vimati½ upp±deti, ±patti thullaccayassa. S±miko “na mayha½ dassat²”ti dhura½ nikkhipati, ±patti p±r±jikassa

Iriy±patha½ vikopeyy±ti “sahabhaº¹ah±raka½ ness±m²”ti paµhama½ p±da½ saªk±meti, ±patti thullaccayassa. Dutiya½ p±da½ saªk±meti, ±patti p±r±jikassa.

Ýh±n± c±veyy±ti thalaµµha½ bhaº¹a½ theyyacitto ±masati, ±patti dukkaµassa. Phand±peti, ±patti thullaccayassa. Ýh±n± c±veti, ±patti p±r±jikassa.

Saªketa½ v²tin±meyy±ti parikappitaµµh±na½ paµhama½ p±da½ atikk±meti, ±patti thullaccayassa. Dutiya½ p±da½ atikk±meti, ±patti p±r±jikassa. Atha v± paµhama½ p±da½ suªkagh±ta½ atikk±meti, ±patti thullaccayassa. Dutiya½ p±da½ atikk±meti, ±patti p±r±jikass±ti– ayamettha n±n±bhaº¹avasena yojan±.

Ekabhaº¹avasena pana sass±mika½ d±sa½ v± tiracch±na½ v± yath±vuttena abhiyog±din± nayena ±diyati v± harati v± avaharati v± iriy±patha½ v± vikopeti, µh±n± v± c±veti, pariccheda½ v± atikk±meti– ayamettha ekabhaº¹avasena yojan±.