3. Sam±dhibh±van±mayañ±ºaniddesavaººan±

43. Sam±dhibh±van±mayañ±ºaniddese ±dito t±va ekakato paµµh±ya y±va dasak± sam±dhippabheda½ dassento eko sam±dh²ti-±dim±ha. Tattha cittassa ekaggat±ti n±n±rammaºavikkhep±bh±vato eka½ ±rammaºa½ agga½ uttama½ ass±ti ekaggo, ekaggassa bh±vo ekaggat±. S± pana ekaggat± cittassa, na sattass±ti dassanattha½ “cittass±”ti vutta½. Duke lokiyoti loko vuccati lujjanapalujjanaµµhena vaµµa½, tasmi½ pariy±pannabh±vena loke niyuttoti lokiyo. Lokuttaroti uttiººoti uttaro, loke apariy±pannabh±vena lokato uttaroti lokuttaro. Tike savitakko ca so savic±ro c±ti savitakkasavic±ro. Eva½ avitakka-avic±ro. Vitakkavic±resu vic±rova matt± pam±ºa½ etass±ti vic±ramatto, vic±rato utthari vitakkena saddhi½ sampayoga½ na gacchat²ti attho. Avitakko ca so vic±ramatto c±ti avitakkavic±ramatto. T²supi viccheda½ katv±pi paµhanti. Catukkapañcak± vuttatth± Chakke punappuna½ uppajjanato satiyeva anussati, pavattitabbaµµh±namhiyeva v± pavattatt± saddh±pabbajitassa kulaputtassa anur³p± sat²tipi anussati, buddha½ ±rabbha uppann± anussati bauddh±nussati. Arahat±dibuddhaguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½. Tass± buddh±nussatiy± vasena cittassa ekaggat±yeva uddhaccasaªkh±tassa vikkhepassa paµipakkhabh±vato na vikkhepoti avikkhepo. Dhamma½ ±rabbha uppann± anussati dhamm±nussati. Sv±kkh±tat±didhammaguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½. Saªgha½ ±rabbha uppann± anussati saªgh±nussati. Suppaµipannat±disaªghaguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½ S²la½ ±rabbha uppann± anussati s²l±nussati. Attano akhaº¹at±dis²laguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½. C±ga½ ±rabbha uppann± anussati c±g±nussati. Attano muttac±gat±dic±gaguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½. Devat± ±rabbha uppann± anussati devat±nussati. Devat± sakkhiµµh±ne µhapetv± attano saddh±diguº±rammaº±ya satiy± eta½ adhivacana½.

Sattake sam±dhikusalat±ti ekavidh±dibhedena anekabhede sam±dhimhi “ayameva½vidho sam±dhi, ayameva½vidho sam±dh²”ti chekabh±vo. Sam±dhiparicchedakapaññ±yeta½ adhivacana½. Sam±dhi-upp±danavidh±nepi chekabh±vo sam±dhikusalat±.

Sam±dhissa sam±pattikusalat±ti upp±ditassa sam±dhissa sam±pajjane chekabh±vo. Etena sam±pajjanavasit± vutt± hoti.

Sam±dhissa µhitikusalat±ti sam±pannassa sam±dhissa santativasena yath±ruci µhapane chekabh±vo. Etena adhiµµh±navasit± vutt± hoti. Atha v± nimittaggahaºena cassa puna te ±k±re samp±dayato appan±mattameva ijjhati, na ciraµµh±na½. Ciraµµh±na½ pana sam±dhiparipanth±na½ dhamm±na½ suvisodhitatt± hoti. Yo hi bhikkhu k±m±d²navapaccavekkhaº±d²hi k±macchanda½ na suµµhu vikkhambhetv±, k±yapassaddhivasena k±yaduµµhulla½ na suppaµippassaddha½ katv±, ±rambhadh±tumanasik±r±divasena thinamiddha½ na suµµhu paµivinodetv±, samathanimittamanasik±r±divasena uddhaccakukkucca½ na suµµhu sam³hata½ katv±, aññepi sam±dhiparipanthe dhamme na suµµhu visodhetv± jh±na½ sam±pajjati, so avisodhita½ ±saya½ paviµµhabhamaro viya, asuddha½ uyy±na½ paviµµhar±j± viya ca khippameva nikkhamati. Yo pana sam±dhiparipanthe dhamme suµµhu visodhetv± jh±na½ sam±pajjati, so suvisodhita½ ±saya½ paviµµhabhamaro viya, suparisuddha½ uyy±na½ paviµµhar±j± viya ca sakalampi divasabh±ga½ antosam±pattiya½yeva hoti. Ten±hu por±º±–

“K±mesu chanda½ paµigha½ vinodaye, uddhaccath²na½ vicikicchapañcama½;
vivekap±mojjakarena cetas±, r±j±va suddhantagato tahi½ rame”ti

Tasm± “ciraµµhitik±mena p±ripanthikadhamme sodhetv± jh±na½ sam±pajjitabban”ti vuttatt± ta½ vidhi½ samp±detv± sam±dhissa ciraµµhitikaraºe chekabh±voti vutta½ hoti.

Sam±dhissa vuµµh±nakusalat±ti santativasena yath±ruci pavattassa sam±dhissa yath±paricchinnak±leyeva vuµµh±nena sam±dhissa vuµµh±ne chekabh±vo. “Yassa hi dhamma½ puriso vijaññ±”ti-±d²su (j±. 1.10.152) viya nissakkatthe v± s±mivacana½ katanti veditabbanti. Etena vuµµh±navasit± vutt± hoti.

Sam±dhissa kallat±kusalat±ti agil±nabh±vo arogabh±vo kallat±. Gil±no hi akallakoti vuccati. Vinayepi vutta½ “n±ha½, bhante, akallako”ti (p±r±. 151). Anaªgaºasuttavatthasuttesu (ma. ni. 1.57 ±dayo, 70 ±dayo) vutt±na½ jh±napaµil±bhapaccan²k±na½ p±pak±na½ icch±vacar±na½ abh±vena ca abhijjh±d²na½ cittassa upakkiles±na½ vigamena ca sam±dhissa agil±nabh±vakaraºe chekabh±vo sam±dhissa kallat±kusalat±, kilesagelaññarahitabh±ve kusalat±ti vutta½ hoti. Atha v± kallat±ti kammaññat± kammaññat±pariy±yatt± kallavacanassa. “Y± cittassa akallat± akammaññat±”ti (dha. sa. 1162) hi vutta½ “kallacitta½ muducitta½ vin²varaºacittan”ti (d². ni. 1.298; ma. ni. 2.395; mah±va. 26) ca. Ettha kallasaddo kammaññattho. Tasm± kasiº±nulomato kasiºapaµilomato kasiº±nulomapaµilomato jh±n±nulomato jh±napaµilomato jh±n±nulomapaµilomato jh±nukkantikato kasiºukkantikato jh±nakasiºukkantikato aªgasaªkantito ±rammaºasaªkantito aªg±rammaºasaªkantito aªgavavatth±nato ±rammaºavavatth±natoti imehi cuddasahi ±k±rehi, aªg±rammaºavavatth±natoti imin± saha pañcadasahi v± ±k±rehi cittaparidamanena sam±dhissa kammaññabh±vakaraºe kusalabh±voti vutta½ hoti.

Sam±dhissa gocarakusalat±ti sam±dhissa gocaresu kasiº±d²su ±rammaºesu ta½ ta½ jh±na½ sam±pajjituk±mat±ya yath±ruci ±vajjanakaraºavasena tesu ±rammaºesu chekabh±vo. Etena kasiº±vajjanavasena ±vajjanavasit± vutt± hoti. Atha v± tasmi½ tasmi½ dis±bh±ge kasiºapharaºavasena eva½ phuµµhassa kasiºassa ciraµµh±navasena ca sam±dhissa gocaresu chekabh±vo.

Sam±dhissa abhin²h±rakusalat±ti ekattanayena heµµh±heµµh±sam±dhi½ upar³parisam±dhibh±v³panayanena abhin²haraºe abhininn±mane chekabh±vo. Upac±rajjh±nañhi vasippatta½ paµhamajjh±natth±ya vipassanatth±ya v± abhin²harati, eva½ paµhamajjh±n±d²ni dutiyajjh±n±di-atth±ya vipassanatth±ya v±, catutthajjh±na½ ar³pasam±pattatth±ya abhiññatth±ya vipassanatth±ya v±, ±k±s±nañc±yatan±dayo viññ±ºañc±yatan±di-atth±ya vipassanatth±ya v± abhin²harat²ti eva½ sam±dhissa tattha tattha abhin²h±rakusalat±. Yasm± pana kusalat± n±ma paññ±, s± sam±dhi na hoti, tasm± sam±dhipariº±yakapaññ±vasena sattavidho sam±dhi vuttoti veditabbo.

Keci pana ±cariy± “sam±dhikusalat±ti yena manasik±rena citta½ na vikkhipati, tattha kusalat±. Sam±pattikusalat±ti yena manasik±rena sam±pajjantassa jh±naªg±ni p±tubhavanti, tattha kusalat±. Ýhitikusalat±ti yena manasik±rena appito sam±dhi na vikkhipati, tattha kusalat±. Vuµµh±nakusalat±ti n²varaºavuµµh±na½ j±n±ti paµhamajjh±ne, aªgavuµµh±na½ j±n±ti t²su jh±nesu, ±rammaºavuµµh±na½ j±n±ti ar³pasam±patt²su, vikkhepavuµµh±na½ j±n±ti visay±dhimattesu, sacchandavuµµh±na½ j±n±ti pariyantak±le ca avas±nakaraº²yak±le ca. Kallat±kusalat±ti cittaph±sut±ya sar²raph±sut±ya ±h±raph±sut±ya sen±sanaph±sut±ya puggalaph±sut±ya ca sam±dhissa kallat± hot²ti j±n±ti. Gocarakusalat±ti ±rammaºassa pariccheda½ k±tu½ j±n±ti, dis±pharaºa½ k±tu½ j±n±ti, va¹¹hetu½ j±n±ti. Abhin²h±rakusalat±ti tattha tattha samm± manasik±rena citta½ abhin²harati abhininn±meti, upac±re vasippatte paµhamajjh±ne abhin²harati, eva½ upar³parijh±nesu abhiññ±su ar³pasam±patt²su vipassan±su ca abhin²harati. Eva½ tattha tattha abhin²h±rakusalat±”ti evametesa½ pad±na½ attha½ vaººayanti.

Aµµhaka½ vuttatthameva. Navake r³p±vacaroti “katame dhamm± r³p±vacar±? Heµµhato brahmap±risajja½ pariyanta½ karitv± uparito akaniµµhe deve antokaritv±”ti-±din± (dha. sa. 1289) nayena vuttesu r³p±vacaradhammesu pariy±panno. Tatr±ya½ vacanattho– r³pakkhandhasaªkh±ta½ r³pa½ ettha avacarati, na k±moti r³p±vacaro. R³pakkhandhopi hi r³panti vuccati “r³pakkhandho r³pan”ti-±d²su (yama. 1.khandhayamaka.2) viya. So pana brahmap±risajjabrahmapurohitamah±brahm±na½ paritt±bha-appam±º±bha-±bhassar±na½ parittasubha-appam±ºasubhasubhakiºh±na½ asaññasattavehapphal±na½ avih±tappasudassasudass²-akaniµµh±nañca vasena so¼asavidho padeso. So r³p±vacarasaªkh±to padeso uttarapadalopa½ katv± “r³pan”ti vuccati, tasmi½ r³pe avacarat²ti r³p±vacaro. R³pabhavo v± r³pa½, tasmi½ avacarat²ti r³p±vacara½. Kiñc±pi hi eso sam±dhi k±mabhavepi avacarati, yath± pana saªg±me avacaraºato saªg±m±vacaroti laddhan±mo n±go nagare carantopi saªg±m±vacaroti vuccati, thalacar± jalacar± ca p±ºino athale ajale ca µhit±pi thalacar± jalacar±ti vuccanti, evamaya½ aññattha avacarantopi r³p±vacaroti vutto. Apica r³pabhavasaªkh±te r³pe paµisandhi½ avac±ret²tipi r³p±vacaro. H²noti l±mako. H²nuttam±na½ majjhe bhavo majjho. Majjhimotipi p±µho, soyevattho. Padh±nabh±va½ n²to paº²to, uttamoti attho. Ete pana ±y³hanavasena veditabb±. Yassa hi ±y³hanakkhaºe chando v± h²no hoti v²riya½ v± citta½ v± v²ma½s± v±, so h²no n±ma. Yassa te dhamm± majjhim±, so majjhimo. Yassa paº²t±, so paº²to. Upp±ditamatto v± h²no, n±tisubh±vito majjhimo, atisubh±vito vasippatto paº²to. Ar³p±vacaro r³p±vacare vuttanay±nus±rena veditabbo.

Suññato sam±dh²ti-±d²su “sabbe saªkh±r± anicc± dukkh± anatt±”ti vipassan±paµip±µiy± vipassantassa anatt±nupassan±ya maggavuµµh±ne j±te yasm± s± vipassan± attavirahitesu saªkh±resu suññato pavatt±, tasm± suññat± n±ma hoti. T±ya siddho ariyamaggasam±dhi suññato sam±dhi n±ma hoti, suññatavasena pavattasam±dh²ti attho. Vipassan±ya pavatt±k±rena hi so pavattati. Anicc±nupassan±ya maggavuµµh±ne j±te yasm± s± vipassan± niccanimittapaµipakkhavasena pavatt±, tasm± animitt± n±ma hoti. T±ya siddho ariyamaggasam±dhi animitto sam±dhi n±ma hoti, niccanimittavirahito sam±dh²ti attho. Vipassan±ya pavatt±k±rena hi so pavattati. Dukkh±nupassan±ya maggavuµµh±ne j±te yasm± s± vipassan± paºidhipaµipakkhavasena pavatt±, tasm± appaºihit± n±ma hoti. T±ya siddho ariyamaggasam±dhi appaºihito sam±dhi n±ma hoti, paºidhivirahito sam±dh²ti attho. Vipassan±ya pavatt±k±rena hi so pavattati. T±dis± eva tayo phalasam±dhayopi etehiyeva t²hi sam±dh²hi gahit± hont²ti veditabb±. Lokuttarasam±dh²na½ pana paº²tatt± h²n±dibhedo na uddhaµo.

Dasake uddhum±takasaññ±vasen±ti-±d²su bhast± viya v±yun± uddha½ j²vitapariy±d±n± yath±nukkama½ samuggatena s³nabh±vena uddhum±tatt± uddhum±ta½, uddhum±tameva uddhum±taka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ uddhum±tanti uddhum±taka½. Tath±r³passa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Vin²la½ vuccati viparibhinnavaººa½, vin²lameva vin²laka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ vin²lanti vin²laka½. Ma½sussadaµµh±nesu rattavaººassa, pubbasannicayaµµh±nesu setavaººassa, yebhuyyena ca n²lavaººassa n²laµµh±ne n²las±µakap±rutasseva chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Paribhinnaµµh±nesu vissandam±napubba½ vipubba½, vipubbameva vipubbaka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ vipubbanti vipubbaka½. Tath±r³passa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Vicchidda½ vuccati dvidh± chindanena apadh±rita½, vicchiddameva vicchiddaka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ vicchiddanti vicchiddaka½. Vemajjhe chinnassa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Ito ca etto ca vividh±k±rena soºasiªg±l±d²hi kh±yitanti vikkh±yita½, vikh±yitanti vattabbe vikkh±yitanti vutta½. Vikkh±yitameva vikkh±yitaka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ vikkh±yitanti vikkh±yitaka½. Tath±r³passa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Vividha½ khitta½ vikkhitta½, vikkhittameva vikkhittaka½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ vikkhittanti vikkhittaka½. Aññena hattha½ aññena p±da½ aññena s²santi eva½ tato tato khittassa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Hatañca ta½ purimanayeneva vikkhittakañc±ti hatavikkhittaka½. K±kapad±k±rena aªgapaccaªgesu satthena hanitv± vuttanayena vikkhittassa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Lohita½ kirati vikkhipati ito cito ca paggharat²ti lohitaka½. Paggharitalohitamakkhitassa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Pu¼av± vuccanti kimayo, pu¼ave kirat²ti pu¼avaka½. Kimiparipuººassa chavasar²rasseta½ adhivacana½. Aµµhiyeva aµµhika½, paµik³latt± v± kucchita½ aµµh²ti aµµhika½. Aµµhisaªkhalik±yapi ekaµµhikassapi eta½ adhivacana½. Im±ni ca pana uddhum±tak±d²ni niss±ya uppannanimitt±nampi nimittesu paµiladdhajjh±n±nampi et±neva n±m±ni. Idha pana uddhum±takanimitte paµik³l±k±rag±hik± appan±vasena uppann± saññ± uddhum±takasaññ±, tass± uddhum±takasaññ±ya vasena uddhum±takasaññ±vasena. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Pañcapaññ±sa sam±dh²ti ekak±divasena vutt±.

44. Eva½ ekak±divasena sam±dhippabheda½ dassetv± id±ni aññenapi pariy±yena sam±dhi½ dassetuk±mo apic±ti añña½ pariy±y±rambha½ dassetv± pañcav²sat²ti-±dim±ha. Tattha sam±dhissa sam±dhiµµh±ti sam±dhissa sam±dhibh±ve sabh±v±, yehi sabh±vehi so sam±dhi hoti, te tasmi½ atth± n±ma. Pariggahaµµhena sam±dh²ti saddh±d²hi indriyehi pariggahitatt± tasm± pariggahitasabh±vena sam±dhi. T±neva ca indriy±ni aññamaññapariv±r±ni honti, bh±van±p±rip³riy± paripuºº±ni ca honti. Tasm± pariv±raµµhena parip³raµµhena sam±dhi. Tesa½yeva sam±dhivasena ek±rammaºamapekkhitv± ekaggaµµhena, n±n±rammaºavikkhep±bh±vamapekkhitv± avikkhepaµµhena, lokuttarasseva mahat± v²riyabalapaggahena pattabbatt± lokuttaramaggasseva ca parih±nivasena vis±r±bh±vato heµµh± gahitapaggahaµµha-avis±raµµh± idha na gahit±ti veditabb±. Kilesak±lussiyass±bh±vena an±vilaµµhena sam±dhi. Avikampatt± aniñjanaµµhena sam±dhi. Vikkhambhanavasena samucchedavasena v± kilesehi vimuttatt± ±rammaºe ca adhimuttatt± vimuttaµµhena sam±dhi.

Ekattupaµµh±navasena cittassa µhitatt±ti sam±dhiyogeneva ek±rammaºe bhusa½ patiµµh±navasena cittassa ±rammaºe niccalabh±vena patiµµhitatt±. Aµµhasu yugalesu esati nesati, ±diyati n±diyati, paµipajjati na paµipajjat²ti im±ni t²ºi yugal±ni appan±v²thito pubbabh±ge upac±rassa mudumajjh±dhimattat±vasena vutt±n²ti veditabb±ni, jh±yati jh±pet²ti ida½ appan±v²thiya½ upac±ravasena veditabba½. Esitatt± nesitatt±, ±dinnatt± an±dinnatt±, paµipannatt± nappaµipannatt±, jh±tatt± na jh±pitatt±ti im±ni catt±ri yugal±ni appan±vasena vutt±n²ti veditabb±ni.

Tattha sama½ esat²ti sam±dh²ti-±d²su samanti appana½. S± hi paccan²kadhamme sameti n±set²ti sam±, paccan²kavisam±bh±vato v± samabh³t±ti sam±. Ta½ sama½ esati ajjh±sayavasena gavesati. Itisaddo k±raºattho, yasm± sama½ esati, tasm± sam±dh²ti attho. Visama½ nesat²ti ta½ ta½ jh±napaccan²kasaªkh±ta½ visama½ na esati. Mudubh³to hi pubbabh±gasam±dhi ±dibh³tatt± sama½ esati, visama½ nesati n±ma. Majjhimabh³to thirabh³tatt± sama½ ±diyati, visama½ n±diyati n±ma. Adhimattabh³to appan±v²thiy± ±sannabh³tatt± sama½ paµipajjati, visama½ nappaµipajjati n±ma. Sama½ jh±yat²ti bh±vanapu½sakavacana½, sama½ hutv± jh±yati, samena v± ±k±rena jh±yat²ti attho. Appan±v²thiyañhi sam±dhi paccan²kadhammavigamena santatt±, sant±ya appan±ya anuk³labh±vena ca µhitatt± samen±k±rena pavattati. Jh±yat²ti ca pajjalat²ti attho “ete maº¹alam±¼e d²p± jh±yanti (d². ni. 1.159) sabbaratti½, sabbarattiyo ca telappad²po jh±yati, telappad²po cettha jh±yeyy±”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 4.255-256) viya. Sama½ j±yat²tipi p±µho samen±k±rena uppajjat²ti attho. Jh±yati jh±pet²ti yugalatt± pana purimap±µhova sundarataro. Jh±pet²ti ca dahat²ti attho. So hi sam±dhipaccan²kadhamme d³ratarakaraºena dahati n±ma. Esan±nesan±d²na½ pana appan±ya siddhatt± “esitatt± nesitatt±”ti-±d²hi appan±sam±dhi vutto. Sama½ jh±tatt±ti sama½ jalitatt±. Sama½ j±tatt±tipi p±µho. Iti imesa½ aµµhanna½ yugal±na½ vasena so¼asa, purim± ca nav±ti ime pañcav²sati sam±dhissa sam±dhiµµh±.

Samo ca hito ca sukho c±ti sam±dh²ti ida½ pana pañcav²satiy± ±k±rehi s±dhitassa sam±dhissa atthas±dhanattha½ vutta½. Tattha samoti samasaddassa, sa½saddassa v± attho. So hi paccan²kakkhobhavisamavirahitatt± samo. Hitoti ±dhisaddassa attho, ±rammaºe ±hito niccalabh±vakaraºena patiµµh±pitoti adhipp±yo. Ubhayena samo ca ±hito c±ti sam±dh²ti vutta½ hoti. Sukhoti santaµµhena sukho. “Y±ya½, bhante, adukkhamasukh± vedan±, santasmi½ es± paº²te sukhe vutt± bhagavat±”ti (ma. ni. 2.88) ca “upekkh± pana santatt±, sukhamicceva bh±sit±”ti ca vuttatt± tena santatthena sukhasaddena upekkh±sahagatasam±dhipi gahito hoti. Aniy±mena hi sabbasam±dhayo idha vuccanti. Tena ca sukhasaddena ±hitabh±vassa k±raºa½ vutta½ hoti. Yasm± santo, tasm± ek±rammaºe ±hitoti adhipp±yo veditabboti.

Sam±dhibh±van±mayañ±ºaniddesavaººan± niµµhit±.