Ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±ti. Ye kec²ti sabbena sabba½ sabbath± sabba½ asesa½ nissesa½ pariy±diyanavacanameta½– ye kec²ti. Lokasminti ap±yaloke manussaloke devaloke khandhaloke dh±tuloke ±yatanaloke. Anekar³p±ti anekavidh± n±n±ppak±r± dukkh±ti– ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±. Ten±ha so br±hmaºo–

“Pucch±mi ta½ bhagav± br³hi meta½, [icc±yasm± mettag³]
maññ±mi ta½ vedag³ bh±vitatta½;
kuto nu dukkh± samud±gat± ime, ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±”ti.

19. Dukkhassa ve ma½ pabhava½ apucchasi, [mettag³ti bhagav±]

ta½ te pavakkh±mi yath± paj±na½;
upadhinid±n± pabhavanti dukkh±, ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±.

Dukkhassa ve ma½ pabhava½ apucchas²ti. Dukkhass±ti j±tidukkhassa jar±dukkhassa by±dhidukkhassa maraºadukkhassa sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sadukkhassa. Pabhava½ apucchas²ti dukkhassa m³la½ pucchasi hetu½ pucchasi nid±na½ pucchasi sambhava½ pucchasi pabhava½ pucchasi samuµµh±na½ pucchasi ±h±ra½ pucchasi ±rammaºa½ pucchasi paccaya½ pucchasi samudaya½ pucchasi y±casi ajjhesasi pas±des²ti– dukkhassa ve ma½ pabhava½ apucchasi. Mettag³ti bhagav± ta½ br±hmaºa½ n±mena ±lapati. Bhagav±ti g±rav±dhivacanameta½…pe… sacchik± paññatti, yadida½ bhagav±ti– mettag³ti bhagav±.

Ta½ te pavakkh±mi yath± paj±nanti. Tanti dukkhassa m³la½ pavakkh±mi hetu½ pavakkh±mi nid±na½ pavakkh±mi sambhava½ pavakkh±mi pabhava½ pavakkh±mi samuµµh±na½ pavakkh±mi ±h±ra½ pavakkh±mi ±rammaºa½ pavakkh±mi paccaya½ pavakkh±mi samudaya½ pavakkh±mi ±cikkhiss±mi desess±mi paññapess±mi paµµhapess±mi vivariss±mi vibhajiss±mi utt±n²kariss±mi pak±sess±m²ti– ta½ te pavakkh±mi. Yath± paj±nanti yath± paj±nanto ±j±nanto vij±nanto paµivij±nanto paµivijjhanto. Na itih²tiha½ na itikir±ya na parampar±ya na piµakasampad±ya [na piµakasampad±nena (ka.) mah±ni. 156] na takkahetu na nayahetu na ±k±raparivitakkena na diµµhinijjh±nakkhantiy± s±ma½ sayamabhiññ±ta½ attapaccakkhadhamma½ ta½ kathayiss±m²ti– ta½ te pavakkh±mi yath± paj±na½.

Upadhinid±n± pabhavanti dukkh±ti. Upadh²ti dasa upadh²– taºh³padhi, diµµh³padhi, kiles³padhi, kamm³padhi, duccarit³padhi, ±h±r³padhi, paµigh³padhi, catasso up±dinnadh±tuyo upadh², cha ajjhattik±ni ±yatan±ni upadh², cha viññ±ºak±y± upadh², sabbampi dukkha½ dukkhamanaµµhena [dukkhaµµhena (sy±.)] upadhi. Ime vuccanti dasa upadh². Dukkh±ti j±tidukkha½ jar±dukkha½ by±dhidukkha½ maraºadukkha½ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sadukkha½ nerayika½ dukkha½…pe… diµµhibyasana½ dukkha½. Yesa½ dhamm±na½ ±dito samud±gamana½ paññ±yati, atthaªgamato nirodho paññ±yati, kammasannissito vip±ko, vip±kasannissita½ kamma½, n±masannissita½ r³pa½, r³pasannissita½ n±ma½, j±tiy± anugata½, jar±ya anusaµa½, by±dhin± abhibh³ta½, maraºena abbh±hata½, dukkhe patiµµhita½, at±ºa½ aleºa½ asaraºa½ asaraº²bh³ta½– ime vuccanti dukkh±. Ime dukkh± upadhinid±n± upadhihetuk± upadhipaccay± upadhik±raº± honti pabhavanti sambhavanti j±yanti sañj±yanti nibbattanti p±tubhavant²ti– upadhinid±n± pabhavanti dukkh±.

Ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±ti. Ye kec²ti sabbena sabba½ sabbath± sabba½ asesa½ nissesa½ pariy±diyanavacanameta½– ye kec²ti. Lokasminti ap±yaloke manussaloke devaloke khandhaloke dh±tuloke ±yatanaloke. Anekar³p±ti anekavidh± n±nappak±r± dukkh±ti– ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±. Ten±ha bhagav±–

“Dukkhassa ve ma½ pabhava½ apucchasi, [mettag³ti bhagav±]
ta½ te pavakkh±mi yath± paj±na½;
upadhinid±n± pabhavanti dukkh±, ye keci lokasmimanekar³p±”ti.

20. Yo ve avidv± upadhi½ karoti, punappuna½ dukkhamupeti mando;

tasm± paj±na½ upadhi½ na kayir±, dukkhassa j±tippabhav±nupass².

Yo ve avidv± upadhi½ karot²ti. Yoti yo y±diso yath±yutto yath±vihito yath±pak±ro ya½µh±nappatto ya½dhammasamann±gato khattiyo v± br±hmaºo v± vesso v± suddo v± gahaµµho v± pabbajito v± devo v± manusso v±. Avidv±ti avijj±gato aññ±º² avibh±v² duppañño. Upadhi½ karot²ti taºh³padhi½ karoti, diµµh³padhi½ karoti, kiles³padhi½ karoti, kamm³padhi½ karoti, duccarit³padhi½ karoti, ±h±r³padhi½ karoti, paµigh³padhi½ karoti, catasso up±dinnadh±tuyo upadh² karoti, cha ajjhattik±ni ±yatan±ni upadh² karoti, cha viññ±ºak±ye upadh² karoti janeti sañjaneti nibbatteti abhinibbattet²ti– avidv± upadhi½ karoti.

Punappuna½ dukkhamupeti mandoti punappuna½ j±tidukkha½ jar±dukkha½ by±dhidukkha½ maraºadukkha½ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sadukkha½ eti samupeti upagacchati gaºh±ti par±masati abhinivisat²ti– punappuna½ dukkhamupeti. Mandoti mando momuho avidv± avijj±gato aññ±º² avibh±v² duppaññoti– punappuna½ dukkhamupeti mando.

Tasm± paj±na½ upadhi½ na kayir±ti. Tasm±ti ta½k±raº± ta½hetu tappaccay± ta½nid±n± eta½ ±d²nava½ sampassam±no upadh²s³ti tasm±. Paj±nanti paj±nanto ±j±nanto vij±nanto paµivij±nanto paµivijjhanto, “sabbe saªkh±r± anicc±”ti paj±nanto ±j±nanto vij±nanto paµivij±nanto paµivijjhanto “sabbe saªkh±r± dukkh±”ti…pe… “sabbe dhamm± anatt±”ti…pe… “ya½ kiñci samudayadhamma½ sabba½ ta½ nirodhadhamman”ti paj±nanto ±j±nanto vij±nanto paµivij±nanto paµivijjhanto. Upadhi½ na kayir±ti taºh³padhi½ na kareyya, diµµh³padhi½ na kareyya, kiles³padhi½ na kareyya, duccarit³padhi½ na kareyya, ±h±r³padhi½ na kareyya, paµigh³padhi½ na kareyya, catasso up±dinnadh±tuyo upadh² na kareyya, cha ajjhattik±ni ±yatan±ni upadh² na kareyya, cha viññ±ºak±ye upadh² na kareyya, na janeyya na sañjaneyya na nibbatteyya n±bhinibbatteyy±ti– tasm± paj±na½ upadhi½ na kayir±.

Dukkhass±ti j±tidukkhassa jar±dukkhassa by±dhidukkhassa maraºadukkhassa sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sadukkhassa. Pabhav±nupass²ti dukkhassa m³l±nupass² het±nupass² nid±n±nupass² sambhav±nupass² pabhav±nupass² samuµµh±n±nupass² ±h±r±nupass² ±rammaº±nupass² paccay±nupass² samuday±nupass². Anupassan± vuccati ñ±ºa½. Y± paññ± paj±nan±…pe… amoho dhammavicayo samm±diµµhi. Im±ya anupassan±ya paññ±ya upeto hoti samupeto up±gato samup±gato upapanno samupapanno samann±gato. So vuccati anupass²ti– dukkhassa j±tippabhav±nupass². Ten±ha bhagav±–

“Yo ve avidv± upadhi½ karoti, punappuna½ dukkhamupeti mando;
tasm± paj±na½ upadhi½ na kayir±, dukkhassa j±tippabhav±nupass²”ti.

21. Ya½ ta½ apucchimha akittay² no, añña½ ta½ pucch±ma tadiªgha br³hi;

katha½ nu dh²r± vitaranti ogha½, j±ti½ jara½ sokapariddavañca.
Ta½ me mun² s±dhu viy±karohi, tath± hi te vidito esa dhammo.

Ya½ ta½ apucchimha akittay² noti ya½ ta½ apucchimha ay±cimha ajjhesimha pas±dayimha. Akittay² noti kittita½ [akitti ta½ (sy±.) evam²disesu padesu at²tavibhattivasena mah±ni. 110] pakittita½ ±cikkhita½ desita½ paññapita½ [paññ±pita½ (ka.)] paµµhapita½ vivarita½ vibhatta½ utt±n²kata½ pak±sitanti– ya½ ta½ apucchimha akittay² no.

Añña½ ta½ pucch±ma tadiªgha br³h²ti añña½ ta½ pucch±ma, añña½ ta½ y±c±ma, añña½ ta½ ajjhes±ma, añña½ ta½ pas±dema, uttari ta½ pucch±ma. Tadiªgha br³h²ti iªgha br³hi ±cikkh±hi desehi paññapehi paµµhapehi vivar±hi vibhaj±hi utt±n²karohi pak±seh²ti– añña½ ta½ pucch±ma tadiªgha br³hi.

Katha½ nu dh²r± vitaranti ogha½, j±ti½ jara½ sokapariddavañc±ti. Katha½ n³ti sa½sayapucch± vimatipucch± dve¼hakapucch± aneka½sapucch±– “eva½ nu kho, nanu kho, ki½ nu kho, katha½ nu kho”ti– katha½ nu. Dh²r±ti dh²r± paº¹it± paññavanto buddhimanto ñ±ºino vibh±vino medh±vino Oghanti k±mogha½ bhavogha½ diµµhogha½ avijjogha½. J±t²ti y± tesa½ tesa½ satt±na½ tamhi tamhi sattanik±ye j±ti sañj±ti okkanti nibbatti abhinibbatti khandh±na½ p±tubh±vo ±yatan±na½ paµil±bho. Jar±ti y± tesa½ tesa½ satt±na½ tamhi tamhi sattanik±ye jar± j²raºat± khaº¹icca½ p±licca½ valittacat± ±yuno sa½h±ni indriy±na½ parip±ko. Sokoti ñ±tibyasanena v± phuµµhassa bhogabyasanena v± phuµµhassa rogabyasanena v± phuµµhassa s²labyasanena v± phuµµhassa diµµhibyasanena v± phuµµhassa aññataraññatarena byasanena v± samann±gatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena v± phuµµhassa soko socan± socitatta½ antosoko antoparisoko anto¹±ho antopari¹±ho cetaso parijjh±yan± domanassa½ sokasalla½. Paridevoti ñ±tibyasanena v± phuµµhassa bhogabyasanena v± phuµµhassa rogabyasanena v± phuµµhassa s²labyasanena v± phuµµhassa diµµhibyasanena v± phuµµhassa aññataraññatarena byasanena v± samann±gatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena v± phuµµhassa ±devo paridevo ±devan± paridevan± ±devitatta½ paridevitatta½ v±c± pal±po [l±po pal±po (sy±.) dhammasaªgaºiye] vippal±po l±lappo l±lappan± l±lappitatta½ [l±lapp±yan± l±lapp±yitatta½ (bah³su) jar±suttaniddesaµµhakath± oloketabb±].

Katha½ nu dh²r± vitaranti ogha½, j±ti½ jara½ sokapariddavañc±ti dh²r± katha½ oghañca j±tiñca jarañca sokañca paridevañca taranti uttaranti pataranti samatikkamanti v²tivattant²ti– katha½ nu dh²r± vitaranti ogha½, j±ti½ jara½ sokapariddavañca.

Ta½ me mun² s±dhu viy±karoh²ti. Tanti ya½ pucch±mi ya½ y±c±mi ya½ ajjhes±mi ya½ pas±demi. Mun²ti mona½ vuccati ñ±ºa½ Y± paññ± paj±nan±…pe… amoho dhammavicayo samm±diµµhi. Bhagav± tena ñ±ºena samann±gato muni monappatto. T²ºi moneyy±ni– k±yamoneyya½ vac²moneyya½ manomoneyya½.

Katama½ k±yamoneyya½? Tividh±na½ k±yaduccarit±na½ pah±na½ k±yamoneyya½. Tividha½ k±yasucarita½ k±yamoneyya½. K±y±rammaºe ñ±ºa½ k±yamoneyya½. K±yapariññ± k±yamoneyya½. Pariññ±sahagato maggo k±yamoneyya½. K±ye chandar±gassa pah±na½ k±yamoneyya½. K±yasaªkh±ranirodho catutthajjh±nasam±patti k±yamoneyya½. Ida½ k±yamoneyya½.

Katama½ vac²moneyya½? Catubbidh±na½ vac²duccarit±na½ pah±na½ vac²moneyya½. Catubbidha½ vac²sucarita½ vac²moneyya½. V±c±rammaºe ñ±ºa½ vac²moneyya½. V±c±pariññ± vac²moneyya½. Pariññ±sahagato maggo vac²moneyya½. V±c±ya chandar±gassa pah±na½ vac²moneyya½. Vac²saªkh±ranirodho dutiyajjh±nasam±patti vac²moneyya½. Ida½ vac²moneyya½.

Katama½ manomoneyya½? Tividh±na½ manoduccarit±na½ pah±na½ manomoneyya½. Tividha½ manosucarita½ manomoneyya½. Citt±rammaºe ñ±ºa½ manomoneyya½. Cittapariññ± manomoneyya½. Pariññ±sahagato maggo manomoneyya½. Citte chandar±gassa pah±na½ manomoneyya½. Cittasaªkh±ranirodho saññ±vedayitanirodhasam±patti manomoneyya½. Ida½ manomoneyya½