3. Suppabuddhakuµµhisuttavaººan±

43. Tatiye r±jagahe suppabuddho n±ma kuµµh² ahos²ti suppabuddhan±mako eko puriso r±jagahe ahosi. So ca kuµµh² kuµµharogena b±¼havid³sitagatto. Manussadaliddoti yattak± r±jagahe manuss± tesu sabbaduggato. So hi saªk±rak³µavati-±d²su manussehi cha¹¹itapilotikakhaº¹±ni sibbitv± paridahati, kap±la½ gahetv± ghar± ghara½ gantv± laddha-±c±ma-ucchiµµhabhatt±ni niss±ya j²vati, tampi pubbe katakammapaccay± na y±vadattha½ labhati. Tena vutta½ “manussadaliddo”ti. Manussakapaºoti manussesu paramakapaºata½ patto. Manussavar±koti manuss±na½ h²¼itaparibh³tat±ya ativiya d²no. Mahatiy± paris±y±ti mahatiy± bhikkhuparis±ya ceva up±sakaparis±ya ca.

Ekadivasa½ kira bhagav± mah±bhikkhusaªghapariv±ro r±jagaha½ piº¹±ya pavisitv± bhikkh³na½ sulabhapiº¹ap±ta½ katv± pacch±bhatta½ piº¹ap±tappaµikkanto katipayabhikkhupariv±ro nikkhanto yehi d±na½ dinna½, tesa½ up±sak±na½ avasesabhikkh³nañca ±gamana½ ±gamayam±no antonagareyeva aññatarasmi½ ramaº²ye padese aµµh±si. T±vadeva bhikkh³ tato tato ±gantv± bhagavanta½ pariv±resu½, up±sak±pi “anumodana½ sutv± vanditv± nivattiss±m±”ti bhagavanta½ upasaªkami½su, mah±sannip±to ahosi. Bhagav± nis²dan±k±ra½ dassesi. T±vadeva buddh±raha½ ±sana½ paññ±pesu½. Atha bhagav± as²ti-anubyañjanappaµimaº¹itehi dvatti½samah±purisalakkhaºehi virocam±n±ya by±mappabh±parikkhepasamujjal±ya n²lap²talohitod±tamañjeµµhapabhassar±na½ vasena chabbaººabuddhara½siyo vissajjentiy± anupam±ya r³pak±yasiriy± sakalameva ta½ padesa½ obh±sento t±r±gaºaparivuto viya puººacando bhikkhugaºaparivuto paññattavarabuddh±sane nis²ditv± manosil±tale kesaras²ho viya s²han±da½ nadanto karav²karutamañjun± brahmassarena dhamma½ deseti.

Bhikkh³pi kho appicch± santuµµh± pavivitt± asa½saµµh± ±raddhav²riy± pahitatt± codak± p±pagarahino vatt±ro vacanakkham± s²lasampann± sam±dhisampann± paññ±sampann± vimuttisampann± vimuttiñ±ºadassanasampann± meghavaººa½ pa½suk³lac²vara½ p±rupitv± suvammit± viya gandhahatthino bhagavanta½ pariv±retv± ohitasot± dhamma½ suºanti. Up±sak±pi suddhavatthanivatth± suddhuttar±saªg± pubbaºhasamaya½ mah±d±n±ni pavattetv± gandham±l±d²hi bhagavanta½ p³jetv± vanditv± bhikkhusaªghassa nipaccak±ra½ dassetv± bhagavanta½ bhikkhusaªghañca pariv±retv± sa½yatahatthap±d± ohitasot± sakkacca½ dhamma½ suºanti. Tena vutta½– “tena kho pana samayena bhagav± mahatiy± paris±ya parivuto dhamma½ desento nisinno hot²”ti.

Suppabuddho pana jighacch±dubbalyapareto gh±sapariyesana½ caram±no antarav²thi½ otiººo d³ratova ta½ mah±janasannip±ta½ disv±, “ki½ nu kho aya½ mah±janak±yo sannipatito, addh± ettha bhojana½ d²yati maññe, appeva n±mettha gatena kiñci kh±dan²ya½ v± bhojan²ya½ v± laddhu½ sakk±”ti sañj±t±bhil±so tattha gantv± addasa bhagavanta½ p±s±dika½ dassan²ya½ pas±dan²ya½ uttamadamathasamathamanuppatta½ danta½ gutta½ santindriya½ susam±hita½ t±ya paris±ya parivuta½ dhamma½ desenta½, disv±na purimaj±tisambhat±ya paripakk±ya upanissayasampattiy± codiyam±no “ya½n³n±hampi dhamma½ suºeyyan”ti parisapariyante nis²di. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½– “addas± kho suppabuddho kuµµh²…pe… tattheva ekamanta½ nis²di ‘ahampi dhamma½ soss±m²”’ti.

Sabb±vantanti sabb±vati½ h²n±disabbapuggalavata½, tattha kiñcipi anavasesetv±ti attho. “Sabbavantan”tipi paµhanti. Cetas±ti buddhacakkhusampayuttacittena. Cittas²sena hi ñ±ºa½ niddiµµha½, tasm± ±say±nusayañ±ºena indriyaparopariyattañ±ºena c±ti attho. Ceto paricca manas±k±s²ti tass± paris±ya citta½ pacceka½ paricchinditv± manasi ak±si te volokesi. Bhabbo dhamma½ viññ±tunti maggaphaladhamma½ adhigantu½ samattho, upanissayasampannoti attho. Etadahos²ti aya½ suppabuddho kiñc±pi tagarasikhimhi paccekabuddhe aparajjhitv± ²diso j±to, maggaphal³panissayo panassa pa½supaµicchannasuvaººanikkha½ viya antohadayeyeva vijjotati, tasm± suviññ±piyoti ida½ ahosi. Ten±ha– “aya½ kho idha bhabbo dhamma½ viññ±tun”ti.

Anupubbi½ kathanti d±n±nantara½ s²la½, s²l±nantara½ sagga½, sagg±nantara½ magganti eva½ anupaµip±µikatha½. Bhagav± hi paµhama½ hetun± saddhi½ ass±da½ dassetv± tato satte vivecetu½ n±n±nayehi ±d²nava½ pak±setv± ±d²navasavanena sa½viggahaday±na½ nekkhammaguºavibh±vanamukhena ca vivaµµa½ dasseti.

D±nakathanti ida½ n±ma sukh±na½ nid±na½, sampatt²na½ m³la½, bhog±na½ patiµµh±, visamagatassa t±ºa½ leºa½ gati par±yaºa½, idhalokaparalokesu d±nasadiso avassayo patiµµh± ±lambana½ t±ºa½ leºa½ gati par±yaºa½ natthi. Idañhi avassayaµµhena ratanamayas²h±sanasadisa½, patiµµh±naµµhena mah±pathavisadisa½ ±lambanaµµhena ±lambanarajjusadisa½, dukkhanittharaºaµµhena n±v±sadisa½, samass±sanaµµhena saªg±mas³ro, bhayaparitt±ºaµµhena suparikh±parikkhittanagara½, maccheramal±d²hi anupalittaµµhena paduma½, tesa½ nidahanaµµhena j±tavedo, dur±sadaµµhena ±s²viso, asant±saµµhena s²ho, balavantaµµhena hatth², abhimaªgalasammataµµhena seta-usabho, khemantabh³misamp±panaµµhena val±hako assar±j±. D±nañhi loke rajjasiri½ deti, cakkavattisampatti½ sakkasampatti½ m±rasampatti½ brahmasampatti½ s±vakap±ram²ñ±ºa½ paccekabodhiñ±ºa½ samm±sambodhiñ±ºa½ det²ti evam±did±naguºappaµisa½yuttakatha½.

Yasm± pana d±na½ dento s²la½ sam±d±tu½ sakkoti, tasm± d±nakath±nantara½ s²lakatha½ kathesi. S²lakathanti s²la½ n±meta½ satt±na½ avassayo patiµµh± ±lambana½ t±ºa½ leºa½ gati par±yaºa½. Idhalokaparalokasampatt²nañhi s²lasadiso avassayo patiµµh± ±lambana½ t±ºa½ leºa½ gati par±yaºa½ natthi, s²l±laªk±rasadiso alaªk±ro, s²lapupphasadisa½ puppha½, s²lagandhasadiso gandho natthi, s²l±laªk±rena hi alaªkata½ s²lakusumapi¼andhita½ s²lagandh±nulitta½ sadevako loko olokento titti½ na gacchat²ti evam±d²hi s²laguºappaµisa½yuttakatha½.

Ida½ pana s²la½ niss±ya aya½ saggo labbhat²ti dassetu½ s²l±nantara½ saggakatha½ kathesi. Saggakathanti saggo n±ma iµµho kanto man±po, niccamettha k²¼± niccasampattiyo labbhanti, c±tumah±r±jik± dev± navutivassasatasahass±ni dibbasukha½ dibbasampatti½ paµilabhanti, t±vati½s± tisso vassakoµiyo saµµhi ca vassasatasahass±n²ti evam±disaggaguºappaµisa½yuttakatha½. Saggasampatti½ kathent±nañhi buddh±na½ mukha½ nappahoti. Vuttampi ceta½ “anekapariy±yena kho aha½, bhikkhave, saggakatha½ katheyyan”ti-±di.

Eva½ hetun± saddhi½ saggakath±ya palobhetv± puna hatthi½ alaªkaritv± tassa soº¹a½ chindanto viya “ayampi saggo anicco adhuvo, na ettha chandar±go k±tabbo”ti dassanattha½ “appass±d± k±m± bahudukkh± bahup±y±s±, ±d²navo ettha bhiyyo”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.177; 2.42) nayena k±m±na½ ±d²nava½ ok±ra½ sa½kilesa½ kathesi. Tattha ±d²navanti dosa½. Ok±ranti l±makasabh±va½, aseµµhehi sevitabba½ seµµhehi na sevitabba½ nih²nasabh±vanti attho. Sa½kilesanti tehi satt±na½ sa½s±re sa½kilissana½. Ten±ha– “kilissanti vata bho satt±”ti (ma. ni. 2.351).

Eva½ k±m±d²navena tajjetv± nekkhamme ±nisa½sa½ pak±sesi pabbajj±ya jh±n±d²su ca guºa½ d²pesi vaººesi. Kallacittanti-±d²su kallacittanti kammaniyacitta½, heµµh± pavattitadesan±ya assaddhiy±d²na½ cittados±na½ vigatatt± uparidesan±ya bh±janabh±v³pagamanena kammaniyacitta½, kammakkhamacittanti attho. Diµµhim±n±disa½kilesavigamena muducitta½. K±macchand±divigamena vin²varaºacitta½. Samm±paµipattiya½ u¼±rap²tip±mojjayogena udaggacitta½. Tattha saddh±sampattiy± pasannacitta½, yad± bhagav± aññ±s²ti sambandho.

Atha v± kallacittanti k±macchandavigamena arogacitta½. Muducittanti by±p±davigamena mett±vasena akathinacitta½. Vin²varaºacittanti uddhaccakukkuccavigamena avikkhipanato na pihitacitta½. Udaggacittanti thinamiddhavigamena sampaggahavasena al²nacitta½. Pasannacittanti vicikicch±vigamena samm±paµipattiy± adhimuttacitta½.

Ath±ti pacch±. S±mukka½sik±ti s±ma½ ukka½sik± attan±va uddharitv± gahit±, sayambh³ñ±ºena s±ma½ diµµh±, aññesa½ as±dh±raº±ti attho. K± ca pana s±ti? Ariyasaccadesan±. Tenev±ha– “dukkha½ samudaya½ nirodha½ maggan”ti. Idañhi sacc±na½ sar³padassana½, tasm± imasmi½ µh±ne ariyasacc±ni kathetabb±ni, t±ni sabb±k±rato vitth±rena visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.529) vutt±n²ti tattha vuttanayena veditabb±ni.

Seyyath±p²ti-±din± upam±vasena suppabuddhassa kilesappah±na½ ariyamaggupp±dañca dasseti. Apagatak±¼akanti vigatak±¼aka½. Sammadev±ti suµµhuyeva. Rajananti n²lap²talohitamañjeµµh±diraªgaj±ta½. Paµiggaºheyy±ti gaºheyya, pabhassara½ bhaveyya. Tasmi½yeva ±saneti tassa½yeva nisajj±ya½. Etenassa lahuvipassanakat± tikkhapaññat± sukh±paµipad± khipp±bhiññat± ca dassit± honti. Viraja½ v²tamalanti ap±yagaman²yar±garaj±d²na½ abh±vena viraja½, anavasesadiµµhivicikicch±mal±pagamena v²tamala½. Paµhamamaggavajjhakilesaraj±bh±vena v± viraja½, pañcavidhaduss²lamal±pagamena v²tamala½. Dhammacakkhunti sot±pattimaggo adhippeto. Tassa uppatti-±k±radassanattha½ “ya½kiñci samudayadhamma½, sabba½ ta½ nirodhadhamman”ti vutta½. Tañhi nirodha½ ±rammaºa½ katv± kiccavasena eva saªkhatadhamme paµivijjhanta½ uppajjati.

Tatrida½ upam±sa½sandana½– vattha½ viya citta½ daµµhabba½, vatthassa ±gantukamalehi kiliµµhabh±vo viya cittassa r±g±dimalehi sa½kiliµµhabh±vo, dhovanaphalaka½ viya anupubbikath±, udaka½ viya saddh±, udakena temetv± temetv± gomayakh±rehi k±¼ake sammadditv± vatthassa dhovanappayogo viya saddh±salilena temetv± satisam±dhipaññ±hi dose sithile katv± saddh±dividhin± cittassa sodhane v²riy±rambho, tena payogena vatthe k±¼ak±pagamo viya v²riy±rambhena kilesavikkhambhana½, raªgaj±ta½ viya ariyamaggo, tena suddhassa vatthassa pabhassarabh±vo viya vikkhambhitakilesassa cittassa maggena pariyod±pananti.

Eva½ pana suppabuddho parisapariyante nisinno dhammadesana½ sutv± sot±pattiphala½ patv± attan± paµiladdhaguºa½ satthu ±rocetuk±mo parisamajjha½ og±hitu½ avisahanto mah±janassa satth±ra½ vanditv± anugantv± nivattak±le bhagavati vih±ra½ gate sayampi vih±ra½ agam±si. Tasmi½ khaºe sakko devar±j± “aya½ suppabuddho kuµµh² attan± satthu s±sane paµiladdhaguºa½ p±kaµa½ k±tuk±mo”ti ñatv± “v²ma½siss±mi nan”ti gantv± ±k±se µhito etadavoca– “suppabuddha tva½ manussadaliddo manussakapaºo manussavar±ko, aha½ te aparimita½ dhana½ dass±mi, ‘buddho na buddho, dhammo na dhammo, saªgho na saªgho, ala½ me buddhena, ala½ me dhammena, ala½ me saªghen±’ti vadeh²”ti. Atha na½ so ±ha “kosi tvan”ti? “Aha½ sakko devar±j±”ti. “Andhab±la ahirika, tva½ may± saddhi½ kathetu½ na yuttar³po, yo tva½ eva½ avattabba½ vadesi, apica ma½ tva½ ‘duggato daliddo kapaºo’ti kasm± vadesi, nanu aha½ lokan±thassa orasaputto, nev±ha½ duggato na daliddo na kapaºo, atha kho sukhappatto paramena sukhena ap±hamasmi mahaddhano”ti vatv± ±ha–