7. Sakkud±nasuttavaººan±

27. Sattame satt±ha½ ekapallaªkena nisinno hoti aññatara½ sam±dhi½ sam±pajjitv±ti ettha keci t±va ±hu “arahattaphalasam±dhi idha ‘aññataro sam±dh²’ti adhippeto”ti. Tañhi so ±yasm± bahula½ sam±pajjati diµµhadhammasukhavih±rattha½, pahoti ca satt±hampi phalasam±pattiy± v²tin±metu½. Tath± hi bhagavat±–

“Aha½, bhikkhave, y±vade ±kaªkh±mi vivicceva k±mehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… vihar±mi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, y±vade ±kaªkhati vivicceva k±mehi…pe… viharat²”ti (sa½. ni. 2.152)–

¾din± nav±nupubbavih±racha¼abhiññ±dibhede uttarimanussadhamme attan± samasamaµµh±ne µhapito, na cettha “yadi eva½ thero yamakap±µih±riyampi kareyy±”ti vattabba½ s±vakas±dh±raº±na½yeva jh±n±d²na½ adhippetatt±ti.

Por±º± pan±hu– aññatara½ sam±dhi½ sam±pajjitv±ti nirodhasam±patti½ sam±pajjitv±. Katha½ pana nirodhasam±patti sam±dh²ti vutt±? Sam±dh±naµµhena. Ko pan±ya½ sam±dh±naµµho? Sammadeva ±dh±tabbat±. Y± hi es± paccan²kadhammehi akampan²y± balappattiy± samathabala½ vipassan±balanti imehi dv²hi balehi, aniccadukkh±nattanibbid±vir±ganirodhapaµinissaggavivaµµ±nupassan± catt±ri maggañ±º±ni catt±ri ca phalañ±º±n²ti imesa½ so¼asanna½ ñ±º±na½ vasena so¼asahi ñ±ºacariy±hi, paµhamajjh±nasam±dhi-±dayo aµµha sam±dh² ekajjha½ katv± gahito tesa½ upac±rasam±dhi c±ti imesa½ navanna½ sam±dh²na½ vasena navahi sam±dhicariy±hi k±yasaªkh±ro vac²saªkh±ro cittasaªkh±roti imesa½ tiººa½ saªkh±r±na½ tattha tattha paµippassaddhiy± tath± viharituk±mena yath±vuttesu µh±nesu vas²bh±vappattena arahat± an±g±min± v± yath±dhippeta½ k±la½ cittacetasikasant±nassa sammadeva appavatti ±dh±tabb±, tass± tath± sam±dh±tabbat± idha sam±dh±naµµho, ten±ya½ vih±ro sam±dh²ti vutto, na avikkhepaµµhena. Etenassa sam±patti-atthopi vuttoti veditabbo. Imañhi nirodhasam±patti½ sandh±ya paµisambhid±magge–

“Katha½ dv²hi balehi samann±gatatt± tiººa½ saªkh±r±na½ paµippassaddhiy± so¼asahi ñ±ºacariy±hi navahi sam±dhicariy±hi vas²bh±vat±ya saññ±nirodhasam±pattiy± ñ±ºan”ti (paµi. ma. 1.83)–

Pucchitv± “dv²hi baleh²”ti dve bal±ni samathabala½ vipassan±balanti vitth±ro. S±ya½ nirodhasam±pattikath± visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.867 ±dayo) sa½vaººit±va. Kasm± pan±ya½ thero phalasam±patti½ asam±pajjitv± nirodha½ sam±pajji? Sattesu anukamp±ya. Ayañhi mah±thero sabb±pi sam±pattiyo va¼añjeti, satt±nuggahena pana yebhuyyena nirodha½ sam±pajjati. Tañhi sam±pajjitv± vuµµhitassa kato appakopi sakk±ro visesato mahapphalo mah±nisa½so hot²ti.

Vuµµh±s²ti arahattaphalacittuppattiy± vuµµh±si. Nirodha½ sam±panno hi arah± ce arahattaphalassa, an±g±m² ce an±g±miphalassa upp±dena vuµµhito n±ma hoti.

Tena kho pana samayena sakko dev±namindo ±yasmato mah±kassapassa piº¹ap±ta½ d±tuk±mo hot²ti katha½ tassa d±tuk±mat± j±t±? Y±ni “t±ni pañcamatt±ni devat±sat±n²”ti vutt±ni, t± sakkassa devarañño paric±rik± kakuµap±diniyo pubbe “ayyo mah±kassapo r±jagaha½ piº¹±ya pavisati, gacchatha therassa d±na½ deth±”ti sakkena pesit± upagantv± dibb±h±ra½ d±tuk±m± µhit± therena paµikkhitt± devalokameva gat±. Id±ni purimappaµikkhepa½ cintetv± “kad±ci gaºheyy±”ti sam±pattito vuµµhitassa therassa d±na½ d±tuk±m± sakkassa an±rocetv± sayameva ±gantv± dibbabhojan±ni upanentiyo purimanayeneva therena paµikkhitt± devaloka½ gantv± sakkena “kaha½ gatatth±”ti puµµh± tamattha½ ±rocetv± “dinno vo therassa piº¹ap±to”ti sakkena vutte “gaºhitu½ na icchat²”ti. “Ki½ kathes²”ti? “‘Duggat±na½ saªgaha½ kariss±m²’ti ±ha, dev±”ti. “Tumhe ken±k±rena gat±”ti? “Imin±va, dev±”ti. Sakko “tumh±disiyo therassa piº¹ap±ta½ ki½ dassant²”ti? Saya½ d±tuk±mo, jar±jiººo khaº¹adanto palitakeso obhaggasar²ro mahallako tantav±yo hutv±, sujampi asuradh²tara½ tath±r³pimeva mahallika½ katv±, eka½ pesak±rav²thi½ m±petv± tanta½ pas±rento acchi, suj± tasara½ p³reti. Tena vutta½– “tena kho pana samayena sakko dev±namindo…pe… tasara½ p³ret²”ti.

Tattha tanta½ vin±t²ti pas±ritatanta½ vinanto viya hoti. Tasara½ p³ret²ti tasaravaµµi½ va¹¹hent² viya. Yena sakkassa dev±namindassa nivesana½ tenupasaªkam²ti thero niv±setv± pattac²varam±d±ya “duggatajanasaªgaha½ kariss±m²”ti nagar±bhimukho gacchanto bahinagare sakkena m±pita½ pesak±rav²thi½ paµipajjitv± olokento addasa oluggaviluggajiººas±la½ tattha ca te j±yampatike yath±vuttar³pe tantav±yakamma½ karonte disv± cintesi– “ime mahallakak±lepi kamma½ karonti. Imasmi½ nagare imehi duggatatar± natthi maññe. Imehi dinna½ s±kamattampi gahetv± imesa½ saªgaha½ kariss±m²”ti. So tesa½ geh±bhimukho agam±si. Sakko ta½ ±gacchanta½ disv± suja½ ±ha– “bhadde, mayha½ ayyo ito ±gacchati, ta½ tva½ apassant² viya tuºh² hutv± nis²da. Khaºeneva vañcetv± piº¹ap±ta½ dass±m±”ti thero gantv± gehadv±re aµµh±si. Tepi apassant± viya attano kammameva karont± thoka½ ±gamayi½su. Atha sakko “gehadv±re µhito eko thero viya kh±yati, upadh±rehi t±v±”ti ±ha. “Tumhe gantv± upadh±retha, s±m²”ti. So geh± nikkhamitv± thera½ pañcapatiµµhitena vanditv± ubhohi hatthehi jaººuk±ni olumbitv± nitthunanto uµµh±ya “kataratthero nu kho ayyo”ti thoka½ osakkitv± “akkh²ni me dh³m±yant²”ti vatv± nal±µe hattha½ µhapetv± uddha½ ulloketv± “aho dukkha½ ayyo no mah±kassapattherova cirassa½ me kuµidv±ra½ ±gato. Atthi nu kho kiñci gehe”ti ±ha. Suj± thoka½ ±kul± viya hutv± “atthi, s±m²”ti paµivacana½ ad±si. Sakko, “bhante, l³kha½ v± paº²ta½ v±ti acintetv± saªgaha½ no karoth±”ti patta½ gaºhi. Thero patta½ dento “imesa½ eva duggat±na½ jar±jiºº±na½ may± saªgaho k±tabbo”ti cintesi. So anto pavisitv± ghaµi-odana½ n±ma ghaµito uddharitv±, patta½ p³retv±, therassa hatthe µhapesi. Tena vutta½– “addas± kho sakko dev±namindo…pe… ad±s²”ti.

Tattha ghaµiy±ti bhattaghaµito. “Ghaµi-odanan”tipi p±µho, tassa ghaµi-odana½ n±ma dev±na½ koci ±h±ravisesoti attha½ vadanti. Uddharitv±ti kutoci bh±janato uddharitv±. Anekas³po so eva ±h±ro patte pakkhipitv± therassa hatthe µhapanak±le kapaº±na½ upakappanakal³kh±h±ro viya paññ±yittha, hatthe µhapitamatte pana attano dibbasabh±veneva aµµh±si. Anekas³poti muggam±s±dis³pehi ceva khajjavikat²hi ca anekavidhas³po. Anekabyañjanoti n±n±vidha-uttaribhaªgo. Anekarasabyañjanoti anekehi s³pehi ceva byañjanehi ca madhur±dim³laras±nañceva sambhinnaras±nañca abhibyañjako, n±naggarasas³pabyañjanoti attho.

So kira piº¹ap±to therassa hatthe µhapitak±le r±jagahanagara½ attano dibbagandhena ajjhotthari, tato thero cintesi– “aya½ puriso appesakkho, piº¹ap±to ativiya paº²to sakkassa bhojanasadiso. Ko nu kho eso”ti? Atha na½ “sakko”ti ñatv± ±ha– “bh±riya½ te, kosiya, kamma½ kata½ duggat±na½ sampatti½ vilumpantena, ajja mayha½ d±na½ datv± kocideva duggato sen±patiµµh±na½ v± seµµhiµµh±na½ v± labheyy±”ti. “Ko may± duggatataro atthi, bhante”ti? “Katha½ tva½ duggato devarajjasiri½ anubhavanto”ti? “Bhante, eva½ n±meta½, may± pana anuppanne buddhe kaly±ºakamma½ kata½, buddhupp±de pana vattam±ne puññakamma½ katv± c³¼arathadevaputto mah±rathadevaputto anekavaººadevaputtoti ime tayo devaputt± mam±sannaµµh±ne nibbatt± mah±tejavantatar±. Aha½ tesu devaputtesu ‘nakkhatta½ k²¼iss±m±’ti paric±rik±yo gahetv± antarav²thi½ otiººesu pal±yitv± geha½ pavis±mi. Tesañhi sar²rato tejo mama sar²ra½ ottharati, mama sar²rato tejo tesa½ sar²ra½ na ottharati. Ko may± duggatataro, bhante”ti? “Eva½ santepi ito paµµh±ya mayha½ m± eva½ vañcetv± d±namad±s²”ti. “Vañcetv± tumh±ka½ d±ne dinne mayha½ kusala½ atthi natth²”ti? “Atthi, ±vuso”ti. “Eva½ sante kusalakaraºa½ n±ma mayha½ bh±ro, bhante”ti vatv± thera½ vanditv± suja½ ±d±ya thera½ padakkhiºa½ katv±, veh±sa½ abbhuggantv± “aho d±na½ paramad±na½, kassape suppatiµµhitan”ti tikkhattu½ ud±na½ ud±nesi. Tena vutta½ “atha kho ±yasmato mah±kassapassa etadahos²”ti-±di.

Tattha kosiy±ti sakka½ dev±naminda½ gottena ±lapati. Puññena atthoti puññena payojana½. Atth²ti vacanaseso. Veh±sa½ abbhuggantv±ti pathavito veh±sa½ abhi-uggantv±. ¾k±se antalikkheti ±k±sameva pariy±yasaddena antalikkheti vadanti. Atha v± antalikkhasaªkh±te ±k±se na kasiºuggh±µim±di-±k±seti visesento vadati. Aho d±nanti ettha ahoti acchariyatthe nip±to. Sakko hi dev±namindo, “yasm± nirodh± vuµµhitassa ayyassa mah±kassapattherassa sakkacca½ sahatthena citt²katv± anapaviddha½ k±lena paresa½ anupahacca, samm±diµµhi½ purakkhatv± idam²disa½ may± dibbabhojanad±na½ dinna½, tasm± khettasampatti deyyadhammasampatti cittasampatt²ti, tividh±yapi sampattiy± samann±gatatt± sabbaªgasampanna½ vata may± d±na½ pavattitan”ti acchariyabbhutacittaj±to tad± attano hadayabbhantaragata½ p²tisomanassa½ samuggiranto “aho d±nan”ti vatv± tassa d±nassa vuttanayena uttamad±nabh±va½ khettaªgatabh±vañca pak±sento “paramad±na½ kassape suppatiµµhitan”ti ud±na½ ud±nesi.

Eva½ pana sakkassa ud±nentassa bhagav± vih±re µhitoyeva dibbasotena sadda½ sutv± “passatha, bhikkhave, sakka½ dev±naminda½ ud±na½ ud±netv± ±k±sena gacchantan”ti bhikkh³na½ vatv± tehi “ki½ pana, bhante, tena katan”ti puµµho “mama puttassa kassapassa vañcetv± d±na½ ad±si, tena ca attamano ud±nes²”ti ±ha. Tena vutta½ “assosi kho bhagav± dibb±ya sotadh±tuy±”ti-±di.

Tattha dibb±ya sotadh±tuy±ti dibbasadisatt± dibb±. Devat±nañhi sucaritakammanibbatt± pittasemharuhir±d²hi apalibuddh± upakkilesavinimuttat±ya d³repi ±rammaºa½ gahetu½ samatth± dibbapas±dasotadh±tu hoti. Ayañc±pi bhagavato v²riyabh±van±balanibbatt± ñ±ºamay± sotadh±tu t±dis± ev±ti dibbasadisatt± dibb±. Api ca dibbavih±ravasena paµiladdhatt± attan± ca dibbavih±rasannissitatt±pi dibb±. Savanaµµhena ca sabh±vadh±raºaµµhena ca sotadh±tu, sotadh±tuy±pi kiccakaraºena sotadh±tu viy±ti sotadh±tu, t±ya dibb±ya sotadh±tuy±. Visuddh±y±ti parisuddh±ya nirupakkiles±ya. Atikkantam±nusik±y±ti manuss³pac±ra½ atikkamitv± saddassavanena m±nusikama½sasotadh±tu½ atikkamitv± µhit±ya.

Etamattha½ viditv±ti “samm±paµipattiy± guºavisese patiµµhita½ puris±tisaya½ dev±pi manuss±pi ±daraj±t± ativiya pihayant²”ti imamattha½ viditv± tadatthad²pana½ ima½ ud±na½ ud±nesi.

Tatra piº¹ap±tikaªgasaªkh±ta½ dhutaªga½ sam±d±ya tassa parip³raºena piº¹ap±tikassa. Nanu c±ya½ g±th± ±yasmanta½ mah±kassapa½ nimitta½ katv± bh±sit±, thero ca sabbesa½ dhutav±d±na½ aggo terasadhutaªgadharo, so kasm± ekeneva dhutaªgena kittitoti? Aµµhuppattivasen±ya½ niddeso. Atha v± desan±mattameta½, imin± desan±s²sena sabbepissa dhutaªg± vutt±ti veditabb±. Atha v± “yath±pi bhamaro pupphan”ti (dha. pa. 49) g±th±ya vuttanayena paramappicchat±ya kul±nuddayat±ya cassa sabba½ piº¹ap±tikavatta½ akkhaº¹etv± tattha s±tisaya½ paµipattiy± pak±sanattha½ “piº¹ap±tikass±”ti vutta½. Piº¹ap±tikass±ti ca pihayant²ti pada½ apekkhitv± sampad±navacana½, ta½ upayogatthe daµµhabba½. Attabharass±ti “app±ni ca t±ni sulabh±ni anavajj±n²”ti (a. ni. 4.27; itivu. 101) eva½ vuttehi app±navajjasulabhar³pehi cat³hi paccayehi att±nameva bharantassa. Anaññaposinoti ±misasaªgaºhanena aññe siss±dike posetu½ anussukkat±ya anaññaposino. Padadvayenassa k±yaparih±rikena c²varena kucchiparih±rikena piº¹ap±tena vicaraºato sallahukavuttita½ subharata½ paramañca santuµµhi½ dasseti. Atha v± attabharass±ti ekavacanicch±ya attabh±vasaªkh±ta½ eka½yeva ima½ att±na½ bharati, na ito para½ aññanti attabharo, tato eva attan± aññassa posetabbassa abh±vato anaññapos², tassa attabharassa anaññaposino. Padadvayenapi kh²º±savabh±vena ±yati½ an±d±nata½ dasseti.

Dev± pihayanti…pe… sat²matoti ta½ aggaphal±dhigamena sabbakilesadarathapari¼±h±na½ v³pasamena paµippassaddhiy± upasanta½, sativepullappattiy± niccak±la½ satok±rit±ya satimanta½, tato eva iµµh±niµµh±d²su t±dilakkhaºappatta½ kh²º±sava½ sakk±dayo dev± pihayanti patthenti, tassa s²l±diguºavisesesu bahum±na½ upp±dent± ±dara½ janenti, pageva manuss±ti.

Sattamasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.