3. Yasojasuttavaººan±

23. Tatiye yasojappamukh±n²ti ettha yasojoti tassa therassa n±ma½, ta½ pubbaªgama½ katv± pabbajitatt± vicaraºato ca t±ni pañca bhikkhusat±ni “yasojappamukh±n²”ti vutt±ni.

Tesa½ aya½ pubbayogo– at²te kira kassapadasabalassa s±sane aññataro bhikkhu ±raññako araññe piµµhip±s±ºe katapaººakuµiya½ viharati. Tasmiñca samaye pañcasat± cor± g±magh±tak±d²ni katv± corik±ya j²vant± corakamma½ katv± janapadamanussehi anubaddh± pal±yam±n± arañña½ pavisitv± tattha kiñci gahaºa½ v± paµisaraºa½ v± apassant± avid³re ta½ bhikkhu½ p±s±ºe nisinna½ disv± vanditv± ta½ pavatti½ ±cikkhitv± “amh±ka½, bhante, paµisaraºa½ hoth±”ti y±ci½su. Thero “tumh±ka½ s²lasadisa½ paµisaraºa½ natthi, sabbe pañca s²l±ni sam±diyath±”ti ±ha. Te “s±dh³”ti sampaµicchitv± s²l±ni sam±diyi½su. Thero “tumhe id±ni s²lesu patiµµhit±, attano j²vita½ vin±sayantesupi m± mana½ padosayitth±”ti kakac³pamavidhi½ (ma. ni. 1.222 ±dayo) ±cikkhi. Te “s±dh³”ti sampaµicchi½su. Atha te j±napad± ta½ sampatt± ito cito ca gavesant± te core disv± sabbeva j²vit± voropesu½. Te tesu manopadosamattampi akatv± akkhaº¹as²l± k±la½ katv± k±m±vacaradevesu nibbatti½su. Tesu jeµµhacoro jeµµhadevaputto ahosi, itare tasseva pariv±r±.

Te apar±para½ sa½sarant± eka½ buddhantara½ devaloke khepetv± amh±ka½ bhagavato k±le devalokato cavitv± jeµµhadevaputto s±vatthinagaradv±re kevaµµag±me pañcasatakulag±majeµµhakassa kevaµµassa putto hutv± nibbatti, yasojotissa n±ma½ aka½su. Itarepi avasesakevaµµ±na½ putt± hutv± nibbatti½su. Te pubbasanniv±sena sabbepi sah±yak± hutv± sahapa½suk²¼ita½ k²¼ant± anupubbena vayappatt± ahesu½, yasojo tesa½ aggo ahosi. Te sabbeva ekato hutv± j±l±ni gahetv± nadita¼±k±d²su macche bandhant± vicaranti.

Athekadivasa½ aciravatiy± nadiy± j±le khitte suvaººavaººo maccho antoj±le p±visi. Ta½ disv± sabbepi kevaµµ± “amh±ka½ putt± macche bandhant± suvaººavaººa½ maccha½ bandhi½s³”ti haµµhatuµµh± ahesu½. Atha te pañcasat±pi sah±yak± maccha½ n±v±ya pakkhipitv± n±va½ ukkhipitv± rañño dassesu½. R±j± ta½ disv± “bhagav± etassa suvaººavaººak±raºa½ j±nissat²”ti maccha½ g±h±petv± bhagavato dassesi. Satth± “aya½ kassapasamm±sambuddhassa s±sane osakkam±ne pabbajitv± micch± paµipajjanto s±sana½ osakk±petv± niraye nibbatto eka½ buddhantara½ niraye paccitv± tato cuto aciravatiya½ maccho hutv± nibbatto”ti vatv± tassa m±tubhagin²nañca niraye nibbattabh±va½, tassa bh±tikattherassa parinibbutabh±vañca teneva kath±petv± imiss± aµµhuppattiy± kapilasutta½ desesi.

Satthu desana½ sutv± te pañcasat± kevaµµaputt± sa½vegaj±t± hutv± bhagavato santike pabbajitv±, upasampann± hutv± vivekav±sa½ vasant± bhagavanta½ dassan±ya ±gama½su. Tena vutta½– “tena kho pana samayena yasojappamukh±ni pañcamatt±ni bhikkhusat±n²”ti-±di.

Tattha tedh±ti te idha. Nev±sikeh²ti nibaddhav±sa½ vasam±nehi. Paµisammodam±n±ti nev±sikabhikkh³hi “kacc±vuso, khaman²yan”ti-±din± paµisanth±ravasena sammodan±ya kat±ya “±m±vuso, khaman²yan”ti-±din± puna sammodam±n± tehi saddhi½ samappavattamod±. Sen±san±ni paññ±payam±n±ti ±cariyupajjh±y±na½ attano ca p±puºak±ni sen±san±ni pucchitv± tehi nev±sikehi tesa½ “ida½ tumh±ka½ ±cariy±na½, ida½ tumh±ka½ upajjh±y±na½, ida½ tumh±ka½ p±puº±t²”ti sen±san±ni sa½vidh±petv± attan± ca tattha gantv±, dv±rakav±µ±ni vivaritv±, mañcap²µhakaµas±rak±d²ni n²haritv± papphoµetv± yath±µh±na½ µhapan±divasena paññ±pent± ca.

Pattac²var±ni paµis±mayam±n±ti, “bhante, ima½ me patta½ µhapetha, ida½ c²vara½, ida½ th±laka½, ida½ udakatumba½, ida½ me kattarayaµµhin”ti eva½ samaºaparikkh±ra½ sa½gopayam±n±. Ucc±sadd± mah±sadd±ti uddha½ gataµµhena ucco saddo yesante ucc±sadd± ak±rassa ±k±ra½ katv±. Samantato patthaµaµµhena mahanto saddo yesante mah±sadd±. Kevaµµ± maññe macchavilopeti kevaµµ± viya macchavilumpane. Yath± n±ma kevaµµ± udake vaµµanato macchaggahaºattha½ pavattanato “kevaµµ±”ti laddhan±m± macchabandh± macchaggahaºattha½ jale j±la½ pakkhipitv± “paviµµho na paviµµho, gahito na gahito”ti-±din± ucc±saddamah±sadd± honti. Yath± ca te macchapacchi-±d²ni µhapitaµµh±ne mah±jane gantv± “mayha½ eka½ maccha½ detha, mayha½ eka½ macchaph±la½ detha, amukassa dinno mahanto, mayha½ khuddako”ti-±d²ni vatv± vilumpam±ne tesa½ paµisedhan±divasena ucc±saddamah±sadd± ca honti, evamete bhikkh³ti dasseti. Teteti te ete. Ki½n³ti kissa nu, kimattha½ n³ti attho. Temeti te ime. Paº±mem²ti n²har±mi. Voti tumhe. Na vo mama santike vatthabbanti tumhehi mayha½ santike na vasitabba½. Ye tumhe m±disassa buddhassa vasanaµµh±na½ ±gantv± eva½ mah±sadda½ karotha, attano dhammat±ya vasant± ki½ n±ma s±ruppa½ karissatha, tumh±dis±na½ mama santike vasanakicca½ natth²ti d²peti. Eva½ paº±mitesu ca bhagavat± tesu ekabhikkhupi “bhagav± tumhe mah±saddamattakena amhe paº±meth±”ti v± añña½ v± kiñci paµivacana½ avatv± buddhag±ravena sabbe bhagavato vacana½ sampaµicchant± “eva½, bhante”ti vatv± nikkhami½su. Eva½ pana tesa½ ahosi “maya½ satth±ra½ passiss±ma, dhamma½ soss±ma, satthu santike vasiss±m±ti ±gat±, evar³passa pana garuno satthu santika½ ±gantv± mah±sadda½ karimh±, amh±kameva dosoya½, paº±mitamh± tato, na laddha½ satthu santike vatthu½, samantap±s±dika½ suvaººavaººa½ sar²ra½ oloketu½, madhurassarena desita½ dhamma½ sotun”ti. Te balavadomanassaj±t± hutv± pakkami½su.

Sa½s±metv±ti sugutta½ katv±. Vajj²ti eva½n±mako janapado, vajj² n±ma j±napadino r±jakum±r±, tesa½ niv±so ekopi janapado ru¼h²vasena “vajj²”tveva vuccati. Tena vutta½ “vajj²s³”ti. Vaggumud±ti eva½n±ma lokassa puññasammat± ek± nad². “Vaggamud±”tipi p±µho. Atthak±men±ti kiñci payojana½ anapekkhitv± atthameva icchantena. Hitesin±ti attha½ icchantena, “kinti me s±vak± vaµµadukkh± parimucceyyun”ti tassa atthasaªkh±tassa atthassa v± hetubh³tassa hitassa esanas²lena. Tato eva attano sar²rakheda½ agaºetv± d³repi veneyyasantika½ gantv± anukampanato anukampakena. Tameva anukampa½ up±d±ya maya½ paº±mit±, na attano veyy±vacc±dipacc±s²s±ya. Yasm± dhammagaruno buddh± bhagavanto samm±paµipattiy±va p³jetabb±, ye ucc±saddakaraºamattepi paº±menti, tasm± handa maya½, ±vuso, tath± vih±ra½ kappema sabbattha satisampajaññayogena apaººakappaµipada½ p³rent± yath±gahitakammaµµh±na½ matthaka½ p±pent± catu-iriy±pathavih±ra½ kappema vihar±ma. Yath± no viharatanti yath± amhesu viharantesu, bhagav± attamano assa, samm±paµipattiy± p³j±ya ±r±dhito bhaveyy±ti attho.

Tenevantaravassen±ti tasmi½yeva antaravasse mah±pav±raºa½ anatikkamitv±va. Sabbeva tisso vijj± sacch±ka½s³ti sabbeyeva te pañcasat± bhikkh³ pubbeniv±s±nussatiñ±ºa½ dibbacakkhuñ±ºa½ ±savakkhayañ±ºanti im± tisso pubbenivutthakkhandhappaµicch±dakamohakkhandh±d²na½ vinivijjhanaµµhena vijj± attapaccakkh± aka½su. Lokiy±bhiññ±su im±yeva dve abhiññ± ±savakkhayañ±ºassa bah³pak±r±, na tath± dibbasotacetopariya-iddhividhañ±º±n²ti dassanattha½ vijjattayamevettha tesa½ bhikkh³na½ adhigamadassanavasena uddhaµa½. Tath± hi verañjasutte (a. ni. 8.11) bhagav± verañjabr±hmaºassa attano adhigama½ dassento vijjattayameva desesi, na dibbasotañ±º±d²na½ abh±vato. Eva½ tesampi bhikkh³na½ vijjam±n±nipi dibbasotañ±º±d²ni na uddhaµ±ni. Cha¼abhiññ± hi te bhikkh³. Evañca katv± “vaggumud±ya nadiy± t²re antarahit± mah±vane k³µ±g±ras±l±ya½ bhagavato sammukhe p±turahesun”ti tesa½ bhikkh³na½ iddhiva¼añjana½ vakkhati.

Yath±bhirantanti yath±bhirati½ yath±jjh±saya½. Buddh±nañhi ekasmi½ µh±ne vasant±na½ ch±y³dakavipatti½ v± aph±sukasen±sana½ v± manuss±na½ assaddh±dibh±va½ v± ±gamma anabhirati n±ma natthi, tesa½ sampattiy± “ph±su½ vihar±m±”ti ciravih±ropi natthi. Yattha pana bhagavati viharante manuss± saraºesu v± patiµµhahanti, s²l±ni v± sam±diyanti pabbajanti, sot±pattimagg±d²ni v± p±puºanti, satth± t±su sampatt²su tesa½ patiµµh±panattha½ vasati, tadabh±ve pakkamati. Tad± hi s±vatthiya½ kattabbabuddhakicca½ n±hosi. Tena vutta½– “atha kho bhagav± s±vatthiya½ yath±bhiranta½ viharitv± yena ves±l² tena c±rika½ pakk±m²”ti.

C±rika½ caram±noti addh±nagamana½ gacchanto. C±rik± ca n±mes± bhagavato duvidh± turitac±rik± aturitac±rik±ti. Tattha d³repi bodhaneyyapuggala½ disv± tassa bodhanattha½ sahas± gamana½ turitac±rik± n±ma, s± mah±kassapapaccuggaman±d²su daµµhabb±. Y± pana g±manigamar±jadh±n²paµip±µiy± devasika½ yojanaddhayojanavasena piº¹ap±tacariy±d²hi loka½ anuggaºhanto gacchati, aya½ aturitac±rik± n±ma, ayameva idh±dhippet±. Tadavasar²ti tena avasari, ta½ v± avasari, tattha avasari p±vis²ti attho.

Tatr±ti tassa½. Sudanti nip±tamatta½. Ves±liyanti tikkhattu½ vis±l²bh³tatt± “ves±l²”ti laddhan±me licchavir±j³na½ nagare. Mah±vaneti mah±vana½ n±ma saya½j±ta½ aropima½ sapariccheda½ mahanta½ vana½. Kapilavatthus±mant± pana mah±vana½ himavantena saha ek±baddha½ apariccheda½ hutv± mah±samudda½ ±hacca µhita½. Ida½ t±disa½ na hoti, sapariccheda½ mahanta½ vananti mah±vana½. K³µ±g±ras±l±yanti tasmi½ mah±vane bhagavanta½ uddissa kate ±r±me k³µ±g±ra½ anto katv± ha½savaµµakacchannena kat± sabb±k±rasampann± buddhassa bhagavato gandhakuµi k³µ±g±ras±l± n±ma tassa½ k³µ±g±ras±l±ya½. Vaggumud±t²riy±nanti vaggumud±t²rav±s²na½. Cetas± ceto paricca manasi karitv±ti attano cittena tesa½ citta½ paricchijja manasi karitv±, cetopariyañ±ºena v± sabbaññutaññ±ºena v± tehi adhigatavisesa½ j±nitv±ti attho.

¾lokaj±t± viy±ti sañj±t±lok± viya. Itara½ tasseva vevacana½, candasahassas³riyasahassehi obh±sit± viy±ti attho. Yasm± te yasojappamukh± pañcasat± bhikkh³ sabbaso avijjandhak±ravidhamanena ±lokabh³t± obh±sabh³t± hutv± viharanti, tasm± bhagav± tehi µhitadis±ya “±lokaj±t± viya me, ±nanda, es± dis±”ti-±din± vaººabhaºan±padesena te bhikkh³ pasa½sati. Tena vutta½– “yassa½ dis±ya½ vaggumud±t²riy± bhikkh³ viharant²”ti. Appaµik³l±ti na paµik³l±, man±p± manohar±ti attho. Yasmiñhi padese s²l±diguºasampann± mahesino viharanti, ta½ kiñc±pi ukk³lavik³lavisamadugg±k±ra½, atha kho manuñña½ ramaº²yameva. Vuttañheta½–

“G±me v± yadi v±raññe, ninne v± yadi v± thale;
yattha arahanto viharanti, ta½ bh³mir±maºeyyakan”ti. (Dha. pa. 98).

Pahiºeyy±s²ti peseyy±si. Satth± ±yasmant±na½ dassanak±moti tesa½ bhikkh³na½ santike paheº±k±radassana½. Iti bhagav± yadattha½ te bhikkh³ paº±mesi, tamattha½ matthakappatta½ disv± ±raddhacitto tesa½ dassanak±mata½ therassa ±rocesi. Eva½ kirassa ahosi “aha½ ime ucc±saddamah±saddakaraºe paº±mess±mi, atha te bhadro ass±j±n²yo viya kas±bhigh±tena, tena codit± sa½vegappatt± mam±r±dhanattha½ arañña½ pavisitv± ghaµent± v±yamant± khippameva arahatta½ sacchikarissant²”ti. Id±ni te aggaphalappatte disv± t±ya arahattappattiy± ±r±dhitacitto tesa½ dassanak±mo hutv± eva½ dhammabhaº¹±g±rika½ ±º±pesi.

So bhikkh³ti ±nandattherena tath± ±ºatto cha¼abhiñño eko bhikkhu. Pamukheti sammukhe. ¾neñjasam±dhin±ti catutthajjh±nap±dakena aggaphalasam±dhin±, “ar³pajjh±nap±daken±”tipi vadanti. “¾neñjena sam±dhin±”tipi p±µho. Kasm± pana bhagav± tesa½ bhikkh³na½ ±gamana½ j±nanto paµisanth±ra½ akatv± sam±patti½yeva sam±pajji? Tesa½ attan± sam±pannasam±patti½ j±nitv± sam±pajjanattha½, tesa½ pubbe paº±mit±na½ id±ni attan± sam±nasambhogadassanattha½, ±nubh±vad²panattha½, vin± vac²bhedena aññaby±karaºad²panatthañca. Apare pan±hu “pubbe paº±mit±na½ id±ni attano santika½ ±gat±na½ anuttarasukhupp±danena anaññas±dh±raºapaµisanth±rakaraºatthan”ti. Tepi ±yasmanto bhagavato ajjh±saya½ ñatv± ta½yeva sam±patti½ sam±pajji½su. Tena vutta½– “katamena nu kho bhagav± vih±rena etarahi viharat²”ti-±di.

Ettha ca r³p±vacaracatutthajjh±na½ kosajj±d²na½ p±ripantikadhamm±na½ suvid³rabh±vato iddhiy± m³labh³tehi anoºaman±d²hi so¼asahi vod±nadhammehi samann±gamanato ±neñjappatta½ saya½ aniñjanaµµhena ±neñjanti vuccati. Vuttañheta½–

“Anoºata½ citta½ kosajje na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Anuººata½ citta½ uddhacce na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Anabhirata½ citta½ r±ge na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Anapanata½ citta½ by±p±de na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Anissita½ citta½ diµµhiy± na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Appaµibaddha½ citta½ chandar±ge na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Vippamutta½ citta½ k±mar±ge na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Visa½yutta½ citta½ kilese na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Vimariy±dikata½ citta½ kilesamariy±d±ya na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Ekattagata½ citta½ n±nattakilese na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Saddh±ya pariggahita½ citta½ assaddhiye na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. V²riyena pariggahita½ citta½ kosajje na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Satiy± pariggahita½ citta½ pam±de na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Sam±dhin± pariggahita½ citta½ uddhacce na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Paññ±ya pariggahita½ citta½ avijj±ya na iñjat²ti ±neñja½. Obh±sagata½ citta½ avijjandhak±re na iñjat²ti ±neñjan”ti.

R³p±vacaracatutthajjh±nameva ca r³pavir±gabh±van±vasena pavattita½, ±rammaºavibh±gena catubbidha½ ar³p±vacarajjh±nanti etesa½ pañcanna½ jh±n±na½ ±neñjavoh±ro. Tesa½ ya½ kiñci p±daka½ katv± sam±pann± arahattaphalasam±patti ±neñjasam±dh²ti por±º±.

Abhikkant±y±ti at²t±ya. Nikkhanteti niggate, apagateti attho. Tuºh² ahos²ti bhagav± ariyena tuºh²bh±vena tuºh² ahosi. Uddhaste aruºeti uggate aruºe, aruºo n±ma puratthimadis±ya s³riyodayato puretarameva uµµhitobh±so. Nandimukhiy±ti rattiy± aruºassa uggatatt± eva aruºappabh±ya s³riy±lok³paj²vino satte nand±panamukhiy± viya rattiy± j±t±ya, vibh±yam±n±y±ti attho.

Tamh± sam±dhimh± vuµµhahitv±ti yath±pariccheda½ tato ±neñjasam±dhito arahattaphalasam±pattito uµµh±ya. Sace kho tva½, ±nanda, j±neyy±s²ti bhagav± “ime ca bhikkh³ ettaka½ k±la½ imin± n±ma sam±pattisukhena v²tin±ment²”ti, ±nanda, yadi tva½ j±neyy±si. Ettakampi te nappaµibh±seyy±ti lokiyapaµisammodana½ sandh±ya yadida½ te “abhikkant±, bhante, ratt²”ti-±din± tikkhattu½ paµibh±na½ upaµµhita½, tayida½ ettakampi te na upaµµhaheyya. Yasm± ca kho tva½, ±nanda, sekkho asekkha½ sam±pattivih±ra½ na j±n±si, tasm± ma½ imesa½ bhikkh³na½ lokiyapaµisammodana½ k±retu½ ussukka½ ±pajji. Aha½ pana imehi bhikkh³hi saddhi½ lokuttarapaµisammodaneneva tiy±maratti½ v²tin±mesinti dassento bhagav± ±ha– “ahañca, ±nanda, im±ni ca pañca bhikkhusat±ni sabbeva ±neñjasam±dhin± nis²dimh±”ti.

Etamattha½ viditv±ti eta½ tesa½ bhikkh³na½ attan± sama½ ±neñjasam±dhisam±pajjanasamatthat±saªkh±ta½ vas²bh±vattha½ sabb±k±rato viditv±. Ima½ ud±nanti ima½ tesa½ bhikkh³na½ anavasesar±g±dippah±nasa½siddhit±disabh±vad²pana½ ud±na½ ud±nesi.

Tattha yassa jito k±makaº¹akoti kusalapakkhavijjhanaµµhena kaº¹akabh³to kilesak±mo yena ariyapuggalena anavasesa½ jito pah²no, etenassa anunay±bh±va½ dasseti. “G±makaºµako”tipi p±µho. Tassattho– g±me kaºµako kaºµakaµµh±niyo sakalo vatthuk±mo yassa jitoti. Jayo cassa tappaµibaddhachandar±gappah±neneva veditabbo, tena tesa½ an±g±mimaggo vutto hoti Akkoso ca jitoti sambandho. Vadho ca bandhanañc±ti etth±pi eseva nayo. Tesu akkosajayena vac²duccarit±bh±vo, itarena k±yaduccarit±bh±vo dassito. Tena ta½nimittakassa by±p±dassa anavasesappah±nena tatiyamaggo vutto hoti. Atha v± akkos±dijayavacanena tatiyamaggo vutto hoti, akkos±d²na½ accantakhamana½ tattha pak±sita½ hoti, ubhayath±pi nesa½ virodh±bh±va½ dasseti. Pabbato viya so µhito anejoti ej± vuccati calanakilesaparipantho, ej±het³na½ avasesakiles±na½ abh±vena anejo, anejatt±yeva sabbakilesehi parav±dav±tehi ca akampan²yatt± µhito ekagghanapabbatasadiso. Sukhadukkhesu na vedhati sa bhikkh³ti so bhinnakileso bhikkhu sukhadukkhanimitta½ na kampat²ti heµµh± vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Iti bhagav± tesa½ pañcasat±na½ bhikkh³na½ arahatt±dhigamena t±dibh±vappatti½ ekajjha½ katv± ekapuggal±dhiµµh±na½ ud±na½ ud±nes²ti.

Tatiyasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.