3. Vis±kh±sutta½

43. [A. ni. 3.71] eka½ samaya½ bhagav± s±vatthiya½ viharati pubb±r±me mig±ram±tup±s±de. Atha kho vis±kh± mig±ram±t± yena bhagav± tenupasaªkami; upasaªkamitv± bhagavanta½ abhiv±detv± ekamanta½ nis²di. Ekamanta½ nisinna½ kho vis±kha½ mig±ram±tara½ bhagav± etadavoca– “aµµhaªgasamann±gato kho, vis±khe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mah±nisa½so mah±jutiko mah±vipph±ro. Katha½ upavuttho ca, vis±khe, aµµhaªgasamann±gato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mah±nisa½so mah±jutiko mah±vipph±ro? Idha, vis±khe, ariyas±vako iti paµisañcikkhati– ‘y±vaj²va½ arahanto p±º±tip±ta½ pah±ya p±º±tip±t± paµivirat± nihitadaº¹± nihitasatth± lajj² day±pann±, sabbap±ºabh³tahit±nukampino viharanti. Aha½ pajja imañca ratti½ imañca divasa½ p±º±tip±ta½ pah±ya p±º±tip±t± paµivirato nihitadaº¹o nihitasattho lajj² day±panno, sabbap±ºabh³tahit±nukamp² vihar±mi. Imin±paªgena arahata½ anukaromi uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissat²”’ti. Imin± paµhamena aªgena samann±gato hoti…pe….

“‘Y±vaj²va½ arahanto ucc±sayanamah±sayana½ pah±ya ucc±sayanamah±sayan± paµivirat± n²caseyya½ kappenti– mañcake v± tiºasanth±rake v±. Aha½ pajja imañca ratti½ imañca divasa½ ucc±sayanamah±sayana½ pah±ya ucc±sayanamah±sayan± paµivirato n²caseyya½ kappemi– mañcake v± tiºasanth±rake v±. Imin±paªgena arahata½ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissat²’ti. Imin± aµµhamena aªgena samann±gato hoti. Eva½ upavuttho kho, vis±khe, aµµhaªgasamann±gato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mah±nisa½so mah±jutiko mah±vipph±ro.

“K²vamahapphalo hoti, k²vamah±nisa½so, k²vamah±jutiko, k²vamah±vipph±ro? Seyyath±pi, vis±khe, yo imesa½ so¼asanna½ mah±janapad±na½ pah³tarattaratan±na½ issariy±dhipacca½ rajja½ k±reyya, seyyathida½– aªg±na½ magadh±na½ k±s²na½ kosal±na½ vajj²na½ mall±na½ cet²na½ vaªg±na½ kur³na½ pañc±l±na½ macch±na½ s³rasen±na½ assak±na½ avant²na½ gandh±r±na½ kamboj±na½, aµµhaªgasamann±gatassa uposathassa eta½ kala½ n±gghati so¼asi½. Ta½ kissa hetu? Kapaºa½, vis±khe, m±nusaka½ rajja½ dibba½ sukha½ upanidh±ya.

“Y±ni, vis±khe, m±nusak±ni paññ±sa vass±ni, c±tumah±r±jik±na½ dev±na½ eso eko rattindivo. T±ya rattiy± ti½sarattiyo m±so. Tena m±sena dv±dasam±siyo sa½vaccharo. Tena sa½vaccharena dibb±ni pañca vassasat±ni c±tumah±r±jik±na½ dev±na½ ±yuppam±ºa½. Ýh±na½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, vijjati ya½ idhekacco itth² v± puriso v± aµµhaªgasamann±gata½ uposatha½ upavasitv± k±yassa bhed± para½ maraº± c±tumah±r±jik±na½ dev±na½ sahabyata½ upapajjeyya Ida½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, sandh±ya bh±sita½– ‘kapaºa½ m±nusaka½ rajja½ dibba½ sukha½ upanidh±ya”’.

“Ya½ vis±khe, m±nusaka½ vassasata½, t±vati½s±na½ dev±na½ eso eko rattindivo. T±ya rattiy± ti½sarattiyo m±so. Tena m±sena dv±dasam±siyo sa½vaccharo. Tena sa½vaccharena vassasahassa½ t±vati½s±na½ dev±na½ ±yuppam±ºa½. Ýh±na½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, vijjati ya½ idhekacco itth² v± puriso v± aµµhaªgasamann±gata½ uposatha½ upavasitv± k±yassa bhed± para½ maraº± t±vati½s±na½ dev±na½ sahabyata½ upapajjeyya. Ida½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, sandh±ya bh±sita½– ‘kapaºa½ m±nusaka½ rajja½ dibba½ sukha½ upanidh±ya”’.

“Y±ni, vis±khe, m±nusak±ni dve vassasat±ni…pe… catt±ri vassasat±ni…pe… aµµha vassasat±ni…pe… so¼asa vassasat±ni paranimmitavasavatt²na½ dev±na½ eso eko rattindivo T±ya rattiy± ti½sarattiyo m±so. Tena m±sena dv±dasam±siyo sa½vaccharo. Tena sa½vaccharena dibb±ni so¼asa vassasahass±ni paranimmitavasavatt²na½ dev±na½ ±yuppam±ºa½. Ýh±na½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, vijjati ya½ idhekacco itth² v± puriso v± aµµhaªgasamann±gata½ uposatha½ upavasitv± k±yassa bhed± para½ maraº± paranimmitavasavatt²na½ dev±na½ sahabyata½ upapajjeyya. Ida½ kho paneta½, vis±khe, sandh±ya bh±sita½– ‘kapaºa½ m±nusaka½ rajja½ dibba½ sukha½ upanidh±y±”’ti.

“P±ºa½ na haññe na cadinnam±diye,
mus± na bh±se na ca majjapo siy±;
abrahmacariy± virameyya methun±,
ratti½ na bhuñjeyya vik±labhojana½.
“M±la½ na dh±re na ca gandham±care,
mañce cham±ya½ va sayetha santhate;
etañhi aµµhaªgikam±huposatha½,
buddhena dukkhantagun± pak±sita½.
“Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassan±,
obh±saya½ anupariyanti y±vat±;
tamonud± te pana antalikkhag±,
nabhe pabh±santi dis±virocan±.
“Etasmi½ ya½ vijjati antare dhana½,
mutt± maºi ve¼uriyañca bhaddaka½;
siªg²suvaººa½ atha v±pi kañcana½,
ya½ j±tar³pa½ haµakanti vuccati.
“Aµµhaªgupetassa uposathassa,
kalampi te n±nubhavanti so¼asi½;
candappabh± t±ragaº± ca sabbe.
“Tasm± hi n±r² ca naro ca s²lav±,
aµµhaªgupeta½ upavassuposatha½;
puññ±ni katv±na sukhudray±ni,
anindit± saggamupenti µh±nan”ti. Tatiya½.