Bhagav± hi katthaci aniccavasena anattatta½ dasseti, katthaci dukkhavasena, katthaci ubhayavasena. “Cakkhu att±ti yo vadeyya, ta½ na upapajjati, cakkhussa upp±dopi vayopi paññ±yati. Yassa kho pana upp±dopi vayopi paññ±yati, att± me uppajjati ca veti c±ti iccassa evam±gata½ hoti, tasm± ta½ na upapajjati cakkhu att±ti yo vadeyya, iti cakkhu anatt±”ti (ma. ni. 3.422) imasmiñhi chachakkasutte aniccavasena anattata½ dasseti. “R³pañca hida½, bhikkhave att± abhavissa, nayida½ r³pa½ ±b±dh±ya sa½vatteyya, labbhetha ca r³pe ‘eva½ me r³pa½ hotu, eva½ me r³pa½ m± ahos²’ti. Yasm± ca kho, bhikkhave, r³pa½ anatt±, tasm± r³pa½ ±b±dh±ya sa½vattati, na ca labbhati r³pe ‘eva½ me r³pa½ hotu, eva½ me r³pa½ m± ahos²”’ti (mah±va. 20; sa½. ni. 3.59) imasmi½ anattalakkhaºasutte dukkhavasena anattata½ dasseti. “R³pa½, bhikkhave, anicca½, yadanicca½ ta½ dukkha½, ya½ dukkha½ tadanatt±, yadanatt± ta½ ‘neta½ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso att±’ti evameta½ yath±bh³ta½ sammappaññ±ya daµµhabban”ti (sa½. ni. 3.76) imasmi½ arahattasutte ubhayavasena anattata½ dasseti. Kasm±? Anicca½ dukkhañca p±kaµa½. Anatt±ti na p±kaµa½.

Paribhogabh±jan±d²su hi bhinnesu aho aniccanti vadanti, aho anatt±ti vatt± n±ma natthi. Sar²re gaº¹api¼ak±d²su v± uµµhit±su kaºµakena v± viddh± aho dukkhanti vadanti, aho anatt±ti pana vatt± n±ma natthi. Kasm±? Idañhi anattalakkhaºa½ n±ma avibh³ta½ duddasa½ duppaññ±pana½. Tena ta½ bhagav± aniccavasena v± dukkhavasena v± ubhayavasena v± dasseti. Tayida½ imasmimpi teparivaµµe aniccadukkhavaseneva dassita½. Vedan±d²supi eseva nayo.

Tasm± tiha, bhikkhaveti, bhikkhave, yasm± etarahi aññad±pi r³pa½ anicca½ dukkha½ anatt±, tasm±ti attho. Ya½kiñci r³panti-±d²ni visuddhimagge khandhaniddese vitth±rit±neva.

245. Nibbindat²ti ukkaºµhati. Ettha ca nibbid±ti vuµµh±nag±min²vipassan± adhippet±. Vuµµh±nag±min²vipassan±ya hi bah³ni n±m±ni. Es± hi katthaci saññagganti vutt±. Katthaci dhammaµµhitiñ±ºanti. Katthaci p±risuddhipadh±niyaªganti. Katthaci paµipad±ñ±ºadassanavisuddh²ti Katthaci tammayat±pariy±d±nanti. Katthaci t²hi n±mehi. Katthaci dv²h²ti.

Tattha poµµhap±dasutte t±va “saññ± kho, poµµhap±da, paµhama½ uppajjati, pacch± ñ±ºan”ti (d². ni. 1.416) eva½ saññagganti vutt±. Susimasutte “pubbe kho, susima, dhammaµµhitiñ±ºa½ pacch± nibb±ne ñ±ºan”ti (sa½. ni. 2.70) eva½ dhammaµµhitiñ±ºanti vutt±. Dasuttarasutte “paµipad±ñ±ºadassanavisuddhipadh±niyaªgan”ti (d². ni. 3.359) eva½ p±risuddhipad±niyaªganti vutt±. Rathavin²te “ki½ nu kho, ±vuso, paµipad±ñ±ºadassanavisuddhattha½ bhagavati brahmacariya½ vussat²”ti (ma. ni. 1.257) eva½ paµipad±ñ±ºadassanavisuddh²ti vutt±. Sa¼±yatanavibhaªge “atammayata½, bhikkhave, niss±ya atammayata½ ±gamma y±ya½ upekkh± n±natt± n±nattasit±, ta½ abhinivajjetv± y±ya½ upekkh± ekatt± ekattasit±, ta½ niss±ya ta½ ±gamma evametiss± pah±na½ hoti, evametiss± samatikkamo hot²”ti (d². ni. 3.310) eva½ tammayat±pariy±d±nanti vutt±. Paµisambhid±magge “y± ca muñcitukamyat±, y± ca paµisaªkh±nupassan±, y± ca saªkh±rupekkh±, ime dhamm± ekatth± byañjanameva n±nan”ti (paµi. ma. 1.54) eva½ t²hi n±mehi vutt±. Paµµh±ne “anuloma½ gotrabhussa anantarapaccayena paccayo, anuloma½ vod±nassa anantarapaccayena paccayo”ti (paµµh±. 1.1.417) eva½ dv²hi n±mehi vutt±. Imasmi½ pana alagaddasutte nibbindat²ti nibbid±n±mena ±gat±.

Nibbid± virajjat²ti ettha vir±goti maggo vir±g± vimuccat²ti ettha vir±gena maggena vimuccat²ti phala½ kathita½. Vimuttasmi½ vimuttamiti ñ±ºa½ hot²ti idha paccavekkhaº± kathit±.

Eva½ vimuttacitta½ mah±kh²º±sava½ dassetv± id±ni tassa yath±bh³tehi pañcahi k±raºehi n±ma½ gaºhanto aya½ vuccati, bhikkhaveti-±dim±ha. Avijj±ti vaµµam³lik± avijj±. Ayañhi durukkhipanaµµhena palighoti vuccati. Tenesa tassa ukkhittatt± ukkhittapalighoti vutto. T±l±vatthukat±ti s²sacchinnat±lo viya kat±, sam³la½ v± t±la½ uddharitv± t±lassa vatthu viya kat±, yath± tasmi½ vatthusmi½ puna so t±lo na paññ±yati, eva½ puna apaññattibh±va½ n²t±ti attho. Ponobbhavikoti punabbhavad±yako. J±tisa½s±roti-±d²su j±yanavasena ceva sa½saraºavasena ca eva½ laddhan±m±na½ punabbhavakhandh±na½ paccayo kamm±bhisaªkh±ro. So hi punappuna½ uppattikaraºavasena parikkhipitv± µhitatt± parikkh±ti vuccati, tenesa tass± sa½kiººatt± vikiººatt± sa½kiººaparikkhoti vutto. Taºh±ti vaµµam³lik± taºh±. Ayañhi gambh²r±nugataµµhena esik±ti vuccati. Tenesa tass± abb³¼hatt± luñcitv± cha¹¹itatt± abb³¼hesikoti vutto. Orambh±giy±n²ti ora½ bhajanak±ni k±mabhave upapattipaccay±ni. Et±ni hi kav±µa½ viya nagaradv±ra½ citta½ pidahitv± µhitatt± agga¼±ti vuccanti. Tenesa tesa½ nir±katatt± bhinnatt± niragga¼oti vutto. Ariyoti nikkileso parisuddho. Pannaddhajoti patitam±naddhajo. Pannabh±roti khandhabh±rakilesabh±ra-abhisaªkh±rabh±rapañck±maguºabh±r± pann± orohit± ass±ti pannabh±ro. Apica idha m±nabh±rasseva oropitatt± pannabh±roti adhippeto. Visa½yuttoti cat³hi yogehi sabbakilesehi ca visa½yutto. Idha pana m±nasa½yogeneva visa½yuttatt± visa½yuttoti adhippeto. Asmim±noti r³pe asm²ti m±no, vedan±ya… saññ±ya… saªkh±resu… viññ±ºe asm²ti m±no.

Ett±vat± bhagavat± maggena kilese khepetv± nirodhasayanavaragatassa nibb±n±rammaºa½ phalasam±patti½ appetv± viharato kh²º±savassa k±lo dassito. Yath± hi dve nagar±ni eka½ coranagara½, eka½ khemanagara½. Atha ekassa mah±yodhassa eva½ bhaveyya– “y±vima½ coranagara½ tiµµhati, t±va khemanagara½ bhayato na muccati, coranagara½ anagara½ kariss±m²”ti sann±ha½ katv± khagga½ gahetv± coranagara½ upasaªkamitv± nagaradv±re uss±pite esikatthambhe khaggena chinditv± sadv±rab±haka½ kav±µa½ chinditv± paligha½ ukkhipitv± p±k±ra½ bhindanto parikkha½ sa½kiritv± nagarasobhanatth±ya ussite dhaje p±tetv± nagara½ aggin± jh±petv± khemanagara½ pavisitv± p±s±da½ abhiruyha ñ±tigaºaparivuto surasabhojana½ bhuñjeyya, eva½ coranagara½ viya sakk±yo, khemanagara½ viya nibb±na½, mah±yodho viya yog±vacaro. Tasseva½ hoti, “y±va sakk±yavaµµa½ vattati, t±va dvatti½sakammak±raºa-aµµhanavutirogapañcav²satimah±bhayehi parimuccana½ natth²”ti. So mah±yodho viya sann±ha½ s²lasann±ha½ katv±, paññ±khagga½ gahetv± khaggena esikatthambhe viya arahattamaggena taºhesika½ luñcitv±, so yodho sadv±rab±haka½ nagarakav±µa½ viya pañcorambh±giyasa½yojanagga¼a½ uggh±µetv±, so yodho paligha½ viya, avijj±paligha½ ukkhipitv± so yodho p±k±ra½ bhindanto parikkha½ viya kamm±bhisaªkh±ra½ bhindanto j±tisa½s±raparikkha½ sa½kiritv±, so yodho nagarasobhanatth±ya uss±pite dhaje viya m±naddhaje p±tetv± sakk±yanagara½ jh±petv±, so yodho khemanagare uparip±s±de surasabhojana½ viya kilesanibb±na½ nagara½ pavisitv± amatanirodh±rammaºa½ phalasam±pattisukha½ anubhavam±no k±la½ v²tin±meti.

246. Id±ni eva½ vimuttacittassa kh²º±savassa parehi anadhigaman²yaviññ±ºata½ dassento eva½ vimuttacitta½ khoti-±dim±ha. Tattha anvesanti anvesant± gavesant±. Ida½ nissitanti ida½ n±ma nissita½. Tath±gatass±ti ettha sattopi tath±gatoti adhippeto, uttamapuggalo kh²º±savopi. Ananuvijjoti asa½vijjam±no v± avindeyyo v±. Tath±gatoti hi satte gahite asa½vijjam±noti attho vaµµati, kh²º±save gahite avindeyyoti attho vaµµati.

Tattha purimanaye ayamadhipp±yo– bhikkhave, aha½ diµµheva dhamme dharam±naka½yeva kh²º±sava½ tath±gato satto puggaloti na paññapemi. Appaµisandhika½ pana parinibbuta½ kh²º±sava½ sattoti v± puggaloti v± ki½ paññapess±mi? Ananuvijjo tath±gato. Na hi paramatthato satto n±ma koci atthi, tassa avijjam±nassa ida½ nissita½ viññ±ºanti anvesant±pi ki½ adhigacchissanti? Katha½ paµilabhissant²ti attho. Dutiyanaye ayamadhipp±yo– bhikkhave, aha½ diµµheva dhamme dharam±naka½yeva kh²º±sava½ viññ±ºavasena ind±d²hi avindiya½ vad±mi. Na hi sa-ind± dev± sabrahmak± sapaj±patik± anvesant±pi kh²º±savassa vipassan±citta½ v± maggacitta½ v± phalacitta½ v±, ida½ n±ma ±rammaºa½ niss±ya vattat²ti j±nitu½ sakkonti. Te appaµisandhikassa parinibbutassa ki½ j±nissant²ti?

Asat±ti asantena. Tucch±ti tucchakena. Mus±ti mus±v±dena. Abh³ten±ti ya½ natthi, tena. Abbh±cikkhant²ti abhi-±cikkhanti, abhibhavitv± vadanti. Venayikoti vinayati vin±set²ti vinayo, so eva venayiko, sattavin±sakoti adhipp±yo. Yath± c±ha½ na, bhikkhaveti, bhikkhave, yena v±k±rena aha½ na sattavin±sako. Yath± c±ha½ na vad±m²ti yena v± k±raºena aha½ sattavin±sa½ na paññapemi Ida½ vutta½ hoti– yath±ha½ na sattavin±sako, yath± ca na sattavin±sa½ paññapemi, tath± ma½ te bhonto samaºabr±hmaº± “venayiko samaºo gotamo”ti vadant± sattavin±sako samaºo gotamoti ca, “sato sattassa uccheda½ vin±sa½ vibhava½ paññapet²”ti vadant± sattavin±sa½ paññapet²ti ca asat± tucch± mus± abh³tena abbh±cikkhant²ti.

Pubbe c±ti pubbe mah±bodhimaº¹amhiyeva ca. Etarahi c±ti etarahi dhammadesan±yañca. Dukkhañceva paññapemi, dukkhassa ca nirodhanti dhammacakka½ appavattetv± bodhimaº¹e viharantopi dhammacakkappavattanato paµµh±ya dhamma½ desentopi catusaccameva paññapem²ti attho. Ettha hi dukkhaggahaºena tassa m³labh³to samudayo, nirodhaggahaºena ta½samp±pako maggo gahitova hot²ti veditabbo. Tatra ceti tasmi½ catusaccappak±sane. Pareti sacc±ni ±j±nitu½ paµivijjhitu½ asamatthapuggal±. Akkosant²ti dasahi akkosavatth³hi akkosanti. Paribh±sant²ti v±c±ya paribh±santi. Rosenti vihesent²ti rosess±ma vihesess±m±ti adhipp±yena ghaµµenti dukkh±penti. Tatr±ti tesu akkos±d²su, tesu v± parapuggalesu. ¾gh±toti kopo. Appaccayoti domanassa½. Anabhiraddh²ti atuµµhi.

Tatra ceti catusaccappak±saneyeva. Pareti catusaccappak±sana½ ±j±nitu½ paµivijjhitu½ samatthapuggal±. ¾nandoti ±nandap²ti. Uppil±vitattanti uppil±panap²ti. Tatra ceti catusaccappak±sanamhiyeva. Tatr±ti sakk±r±d²su. Ya½ kho ida½ pubbe pariññ±tanti ida½ khandhapañcaka½ pubbe bodhimaº¹e t²hi pariññ±hi pariññ±ta½. Tatthameti tasmi½ khandhapañcake ime. Ki½ vutta½ hoti? Tatr±pi tath±gatassa ime sakk±r± mayi kar²yant²ti v± aha½ ete anubhav±m²ti v± na hoti. Pubbe pariññ±takkhandhapañcaka½yeva ete sakk±re anubhot²ti ettakameva hot²ti. Tasm±ti yasm± sacc±ni paµivijjhitu½ asamatth± tath±gatampi akkosanti, tasm±. Sesa½ vuttanayeneva veditabba½.

247. Tasm± tiha bhikkhave, ya½ na tumh±kanti yasm± attaniyepi chandar±gappah±na½ d²gharatta½ hit±ya sukh±ya sa½vattati, tasm± ya½ na tumh±ka½, ta½ pajahath±ti attho. Yath±paccaya½ v± kareyy±ti yath± yath± iccheyya tath± tath± kareyya. Na hi no eta½, bhante, att± v±ti, bhante, eta½ tiºakaµµhas±kh±pal±sa½ amh±ka½ neva att± na amh±ka½ r³pa½ na viññ±ºanti vadanti. Attaniya½ v±ti amh±ka½ c²var±diparikkh±ropi na hot²ti attho. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ya½ na tumh±ka½ ta½ pajahath±ti bhagav±, khandhapañcaka½yeva na tumh±kanti dassetv± pajah±peti, tañca kho na upp±µetv±, luñcitv± v±. Chandar±gavinayena paneta½ pajah±peti.

248. Eva½ sv±kkh±toti ettha tiparivaµµato paµµh±ya y±va ima½ µh±na½ ±haritumpi vaµµati, paµilomena pemamattakena saggapar±yaºato paµµh±ya y±va ima½ µh±na½ ±haritumpi vaµµati. Sv±kkh±toti sukathito. Sukathitatt± eva utt±no vivaµo pak±sito. Chinnapilotikoti pilotik± vuccati chinna½ bhinna½ tattha tattha sibbita½ gaºµhikata½ jiººa½ vattha½, ta½ yassa natthi, aµµhahattha½ v± navahattha½ v± ahatas±µaka½ nivattho, so chinnapilotiko n±ma. Ayampi dhammo t±diso, na hettha kohaññ±divasena chinnabhinnasibbitagaºµhikatabh±vo atthi. Apica kacavaro pilotikoti vuccati. Imasmiñca s±sane samaºakacavara½ n±ma patiµµh±tu½ na labhati. Tenev±ha–

“K±raº¹ava½ niddhamatha, kasambuñc±pakassatha;
tato pal±pe v±hetha, assamaºe samaºam±nine.
Niddhamitv±na p±picche, p±pa-±c±ragocare;
suddh± suddhehi sa½v±sa½, kappayavho patissat±;
tato samagg± nipak±, dukkhassanta½ karissath±”ti. (Su. ni. 283-285).

Iti samaºakacavarassa chinnatt±pi aya½ dhammo chinnapilotiko n±ma hoti. Vaµµa½ tesa½ natthi paññ±pan±y±ti tesa½ vaµµa½ apaññattibh±va½ gata½ nippaññattika½ j±ta½. Evar³po mah±kh²º±savo eva½ sv±kkh±te s±saneyeva uppajjati. Yath± ca kh²º±savo, eva½ an±g±mi-±dayopi.

Tattha dhamm±nus±rino saddh±nus±rinoti ime dve sot±pattimaggaµµh± honti. Yath±ha– “katamo ca puggalo dhamm±nus±r²? Yassa puggalassa sot±pattiphalasacchikiriy±ya paµipannassa paññindriya½ adhimatta½ hoti, paññ±v±hi½ paññ±pubbaªgama½ ariyamagga½ bh±veti. Aya½ vuccati puggalo dhamm±nus±r². Sot±pattiphalasacchikiriy±ya paµipanno puggalo dhamm±nus±r², phale µhito diµµhippatto. Katamo ca puggalo saddh±nus±r²? Yassa puggalassa sot±pattiphalasacchikiriy±ya paµipannassa saddhindriya½ adhimatta½ hoti, saddh±v±hi½ saddh±pubbaªgama½ ariyamagga½ bh±veti. Aya½ vuccati puggalo saddh±nus±r². Sot±pattiphalasacchikiriy±ya paµipanno puggalo saddh±nus±r², phale µhito saddh±vimutto”ti (pu. pa. 30). Yesa½ mayi saddh±matta½ pemamattanti imin± yesa½ añño ariyadhammo natthi, tath±gate pana saddh±matta½ pemamattameva hoti. Te vipassakapuggal± adhippet±. Vipassakabhikkh³nañhi eva½ vipassana½ paµµhapetv± nisinn±na½ dasabale ek± saddh± eka½ pema½ uppajjati. T±ya saddh±ya tena pemena hatthe gahetv± sagge µhapit± viya honti, niyatagatik± kira ete. Por±ºakatther± pana evar³pa½ bhikkhu½ c³¼asot±pannoti vadanti. Sesa½ sabbattha utt±natthamev±ti.

Papañcas³daniy± majjhimanik±yaµµhakath±ya

Alagadd³pamasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.