352. Vakkham±nanayena verahetut±ya vera½ vuccati p±º±tip±t±dip±padhammo, ta½ maºati “mayi idha µhit±ya katham±gacchas²”ti tajjent² viya niv±ret²ti veramaº², tato v± p±padhammato viramati et±y±ti “viramaº²”ti vattabbe niruttinayena i-k±rassa e-k±ra½ katv± “veramaº²”ti vutta½. Khuddakap±µhaµµhakath±ya½ pan±ha “veramaºisikkh±pada½, viramaºisikkh±padanti dvidh±sajjh±ya½ karont²”ti (khu. p±. aµµha. s±dh±raºavibh±van±) kusalacittasampayutt±vettha virati adhippet±, na phalasampayutt± yaññ±dhikaraºato. Asam±dinnas²lassa sampattato yath³paµµhitav²tikkamitabbavatthuto virati sampattavirati. Sam±d±navasena uppann± virati sam±d±navirati. Setu vuccati ariyamaggo, tappariy±pann± hutv± p±padhamm±na½ samucchedavasena gh±tanappavatt± virati setugh±tavirati. Aññatra “samucchedavirat²”tipi vutt±. Id±ni t± sar³pato dassetu½ “tatth±”ti-±di vutta½. J±ti…pe… d²n²ti apadisitabbaj±tigottakul±d²ni. ¾disaddena vayab±husacc±d²na½ saªgaho Pariharat²ti av²tikkamavasena parivajjeti, s²ha¼ad²pe cakkana-up±sakassa viya sampattavirati veditabb±.

“P±ºa½ na han±m²”ti-±d²su ±dayatthena iti-saddena, vikappatthena v±-saddena v± “adinna½ n±diy±mi, adinn±d±n± viram±mi, veramaºi½ sam±diy±m²”ti evam±d²na½ paccekamatth±na½ saªgaho daµµhabbo. Evañca katv± “sikkh±pada” micceva avatv± “sikkh±pad±n²”ti vutta½. P±º±tip±t± veramaºinti sambandho. Sam±diy±m²ti samm± ±diy±mi, av²tikkam±dhipp±yena, akhaº¹±’ chidd±’ kamm±s±’ sabalak±rit±ya ca gaºh±m²ti vutta½ hoti. Uttarava¹¹ham±napabbatav±si-up±sakassa (ma. ni. aµµha. 1.89 kusalakammapathavaººan±; sa½. ni. aµµha. 2.2.109-111; dha. sa. aµµha. kusalakammapathavaººan±) viya sam±d±navirati veditabb±.

Maggasampayutt±ti samm±diµµhiy±dimaggasampayutt±. Id±ni tatth± tatth±gatesu dhammato, koµµh±sato, ±rammaºato, vedan±to, m³lato, ±d±nato, bhedatoti-±din± anekadh± vinicchayesu saªkhepeneva ±rammaºato vinicchaya½ dassetu½ “tatth±”ti-±di vutta½. Purim± dveti sampattasam±d±naviratiyo. “J²vitindriy±divatth³”ti paramatthato p±ºo vutto, paññattito pana “satt±divatth³”ti vattabba½, evañhi “satteyeva ±rabhitv± p±º±tip±t±, abrahmacariy± ca viramat²”ti (khu. p±. aµµha. ekat±n±nat±divinicchaya) khuddak±gamaµµhakath±vacanena sa½sandati samet²ti. ¾disaddena cettha sattasaªkh±ravasena adinnavatthu, tath± phoµµhabbavatthu, vitathavatthu, saªkh±ravaseneva sur±merayavatth³ti etesa½ saªgaho daµµhabbo. Ta½ ±rammaºa½ katv± pavattant²ti yath±vutta½ v²tikkamavatthu½ ±lambitv± v²tikkamanacetan±saªkh±taviramitabbavatthuto viramaºavasena pavattanti. Pacchim±ti setugh±tavirati. Nibb±n±rammaº±va tath±pi kiccas±dhanato. Imin± pana tattheva ±gatesu t²su ±cariyav±desu dve paµib±hitv± ekassev±nuj±nana½ veditabba½.

“Sampattavirati, hi sam±d±navirati ca yadeva pajahati, ta½ attano p±º±tip±t±di-akusalamev±rammaºa½ katv± pavattat²”ti keci vadanti. “Sam±d±navirati yato viramati, ta½ attano v± paresa½ v± p±º±tip±t±di-akusalamev±lambaºa½ katv± pavattati. Sampattavirati pana yato viramati, tesa½ p±º±tip±t±d²na½ ±lambaº±neva ±rammaºa½ katv± pavattat²”ti apare. “Dvayampi ceta½ yato p±º±tip±t±di-akusalato viramati, tesam±rammaºabh³ta½ v²tikkamitabbavatthumev±lambaºa½ katv± pavattati. Purimapurimapadatthañhi v²tikkamavatthum±lambaºa½ katv± pacchimapacchimapadatthato viramitabbavatthuto viramat²”ti aññe. Paµhamav±do cettha ayuttoyeva. Kasm±? Tassa attano p±º±tip±t±di-akusalassa paccuppann±bh±vato, abahiddh±bh±vato ca. Sikkh±padavibhaªge hi pañcanna½ sikkh±pad±na½ paccuppann±rammaºat±, bahiddh±rammaºat± ca vutt±. Tath± dutiyav±dopi ayuttoyeva. Kasm±? Purimav±dena sammissatt±, paresa½ p±º±tip±t±di-akusal±rammaºabh±ve ca anekanti katt±, dvinna½ ±lambaºappabhedavacanato ca. Tatiyav±do pana yutto sabbabh±ºak±namabhimato, tasm± tadeva anuj±n±t²ti daµµhabba½. Tena vutta½ “t²su ±cariyav±desu dve paµib±hitv± ekassev±nuj±nana½ veditabban”ti.

Etth±ha– yajjeta½ viratidvaya½ j²vitindriy±div²tikkamitabbavatthumev±lambaºa½ katv± pavatteyya, eva½ sati añña½ cintento añña½ kareyya, yañca pajahati, ta½ na j±neyy±ti aya’manadhippeto attho ±pajjat²ti? Vuccate– na hi kiccas±dhanavasena pavattento “añña½ cintento añña½ karot²”ti v± “yañca pajahati, ta½ na j±n±t²”ti v± vuccati. Yath± pana ariyamaggo nibb±n±rammaºova kilese pajahati, eva½ j²vitindriy±divatth±rammaºampeta½ viratidvaya½ p±º±tip±t±d²ni duss²ly±ni pajahati. Ten±hu por±º±–

“¾rabhitv±na amata½, jahanto sabbap±pake;
nidassanañcettha bhave, maggaµµhoriyapuggalo”ti. (Khu. p±. aµµha. ekat±n±nat±vinicchaya).

Id±ni saªkhepeneva ±d±nato, bhedato v± vinicchaya½ dassetu½ “etth±”ti-±di vutta½. “Pañcaªgasamann±gata½ s²la½ sam±diy±m²”ti-±din± ekato ekajjha½ gaºh±ti. Evampi hi kiccavasena et±sa½ pañcavidhat± viññ±yati. Sabb±nipi bhinn±ni honti ekajjha½ sam±dinnatt±. Na hi tad± pañcaªgikatta½ s²lassa sampajjati. Ya½ tu v²tikkanta½, teneva kammabaddho. “P±º±tip±t± veramaºisikkh±pada½ sam±diy±m²”ti-±din± ekeka½ visu½ visu½ gaºh±ti. “Veramaºisikkh±padan”ti ca ida½ sam±sabh±vena khuddakap±µhaµµhakath±ya½ (khu. p±. aµµha. s±dh±raºavibh±van±) vutta½, p±¼ipotthakesu pana “veramaºin”ti niggahitantameva by±sabh±vena dissati. Gahaµµhavasena ceta½ vutta½. S±maºer±na½ pana yath± tath± v± sam±d±ne ekasmi½ bhinne sabb±nipi bhinn±ni honti p±r±jik±pattito. Iti ekajjha½, paccekañca sam±d±ne viseso idha vutto, khuddak±gamaµµhakath±ya½ pana “ekajjha½ sam±diyato ek±yeva virati ek±va cetan± hoti, kiccavasena panet±sa½ pañcavidhatta½ viññ±yati. Pacceka½ sam±diyato pana pañceva viratiyo, pañca ca cetan± hont²”ti (khu. p±. aµµha. ekat±n±nat±divinicchaya) aya½ viseso vutto. Bhedepi “yath± tath± v± sam±diyantu, s±maºer±na½ ekasmi½ bhinne sabb±nipi bhinn±ni honti. P±r±jikaµµh±niy±ni hi t±ni tesa½. Ya½ tu v²tikkanta½ hoti, teneva kammabaddho. Gahaµµh±na½ pana ekasmi½ bhinne ekameva bhinna½ hoti, yato tesa½ ta½sam±d±neneva puna pañcaªgikatta½ s²lassa sampajjat²”ti vutta½. Yath±vuttopi d²ghabh±ºak±na½ v±do aparev±do n±ma tattha kato.

Setugh±taviratiy± pana bhedo n±ma natthi paµipakkhasamucchindanena akuppasabh±vatt±. Tadevattha½ dassentena “bhavantarep²”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha “bhavantarep²”ti imin± attano ariyabh±va½ aj±nantop²ti attha½ viññ±peti. J²vitahetupi, pageva aññahetu. “Neva p±ºa½ hanati, na sura½ pivat²”ti ida½ majjhepeyy±laniddiµµha½, migapadava¼añjananayena v± vutta½ Suranti ca nidassanamatta½. Sabbampi hi sur±merayamajjapam±daµµh±n±nuyoga½ na karoti. “Majjanti tadeva ubhaya½, ya½ v± panaññampi sur±savavinimutta½ madan²yan”ti (sa½. ni. aµµha. 3.5.1134) sa½yuttamah±vaggaµµhakath±ya½ vutta½. Khuddakap±µhaµµhakath±yañca “tadubhayameva madan²yaµµhena majja½, ya½ v± panaññampi kiñci atthi madan²ya½, yena p²tena matto hoti pamatto, ida½ vuccati majjan”ti (khu. p±. aµµha. purimapañcasikkh±padavaººan±) “sace piss±”ti-±din± tattheva visesadassana½, aj±nantassapi kh²rameva mukha½ pavisati, na sur±, pageva j±nantassa. Koñcasakuº±nanti kuntasakuº±na½. Sacepi mukhe kh²ramissake udake pakkhipant²ti yojetabba½. “Na cettha upamopameyy±na½ sambaddhat± siy± koñcasakuº±na½ yonisiddhatt±”ti koci vadeyy±ti ±ha “idan”ti-±di. Yonisiddhanti manussatiracch±n±na½ uddha½ tiriyameva d²ghat± viya, bak±na½ meghasaddena, kukkuµ²na½ v±tena gabbhaggahaºa½ viya ca j±tisiddha½, iti koci vadeyya ceti attho. “Cev±”tipi p±µha½ vatv± samuccayatthamicchanti keci. Dhammat±siddhanti bodhisatte kucchigate bodhisattam±tu s²la½ viya, vij±te tass± divaªgamana½ viya ca sabh±vena siddha½, maggadhammat±ya v± ariyamagg±nubh±vena siddhanti veditabbanti vissajjeyy±ti attho.

Diµµhijukaraºa½ n±ma bh±riya½ dukkara½, tasm± saraºagamana½ sikkh±padasam±d±nato mahaµµhatarameva, na appaµµhataranti adhipp±yo. Etanti sikkh±pada½. Yath± v± tath± v± gaºhantass±p²ti ±dara½ g±ravamakatv± sam±diyantass±pi. S±dhuka½ gaºhantass±p²ti sakkacca½ s²l±ni sam±diyantass±pi appaµµhatarameva, appasam±rambhatarañca, na diguºa½ uss±ho karaº²yoti vutta½ hoti. S²la½ idha abhayad±nat±ya d±na½, anavasesa½ v± sattanik±ya½ dayati rakkhat²ti d±na½. Ayamettha aµµhakath±muttakanayo– saraºa½ upagatena k±yav±c±cittehi sakkacca½ vatthuttayap³j± k±tabb±, tattha ca sa½kileso s±dhuka½ pariharitabbo, sikkh±pad±ni pana sam±d±namatta½, sampattavatthuto viramaºamattañc±ti saraºagamanato s²lassa appaµµhatarat±, appasam±rambhatarat± ca veditabb±. Sabbesa½ satt±na½ j²vitad±n±din± daº¹anidh±nato, sakalalokiyalokuttara guº±dhiµµh±nato cassa mahapphalatarat±, mah±nisa½satarat± ca daµµhabb±ti.

Tamattha½ p±¼iy± s±dhento “vuttañhetan”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha “agg±n²”ti ñ±tatt± aggaññ±ni. Cirarattat±ya ñ±tatt± rattaññ±ni. “Ariy±na½ s±dh³na½ va½s±n²”ti ñ±tatt± va½saññ±ni. Purimak±na½ ±dipuris±na½ et±n²ti por±º±ni. Sabbaso kenacipi pak±rena s±dh³hi na kiºº±ni na cha¹¹it±n²ti asa½kiºº±ni. Ayañca nayo nesa½ yath± at²te, eva½ etarahi, an±gate c±ti ±ha “asa½kiººapubb±n²”ti-±di. At²te hi k±le asa½kiººabh±vassa “asa½kiººapubb±n²”ti nidassana½, paccuppanne “na saªkiyant²”ti, an±gate “na saªkiyissant²”ti. Atoyeva appaµikuµµh±ni na paµikkhitt±ni. Na hi kad±cipi viññ³ samaºabr±hmaº± hi½s±dip±padhamma½ anuj±nanti. Aparim±º±na½ satt±na½ abhaya½ det²ti sabbesu bh³tesu nihitadaº¹att± sakalassapi sattanik±yassa bhay±bh±va½ deti. Na hi ariyas±vakato kassaci bhaya½ hoti. Averanti ver±bh±va½. Aby±pajjhanti niddukkhata½. “Aparim±º±na½ satt±na½ abhaya½ datv±”ti-±di ±nisa½sadassana½, hetumpi cettha tv±-saddo yath± “m±tara½ saritv± rodat²”ti.

Ya½ kiñci cajanalakkhaºa½, sabba½ ta½ yaññoti ±ha “idañca pan±”ti-±di. Na nu ca pañcas²la½ sabbak±lika½. Abuddhupp±dak±lepi hi viññ³ ta½ sam±diyanti, na ca ekantato vimutt±yatana½ b±hirak±nampi sam±dinnatt±. Saraºagamana½ pana buddhupp±dahetuka½, ekantato ca vimutt±yatana½, katha½ tattha saraºagamanato pañcas²lassa mahapphalat±ti ±ha “kiñc±p²”ti-±di. Jeµµhakanti mahapphalabh±vena uttama½. “Saraºagamaneyeva patiµµh±y±”ti imin± tassa s²lassa saraºagamanena abhisaªkhatatt± tato mahapphalata½, tath± anabhisaªkhatassa ca s²lassa appaphalata½ dasseti.

353. ¿disamev±ti eva½ sa½kilesapaµipakkhameva hutv±. Nanu ca paµhamajjh±n±diyaññ±yeva desetabb±, kasm± buddhupp±dato paµµh±ya desanam±rabhat²ti anuyoga½ pariharitu½ “tividha…pe… dassetuk±mo”ti vutta½. Tividhas²lap±rip³riya½ µhitassa hi nesa½ yaññ±na½ appaµµhatarat±, mahapphalatarat± ca hoti, tasm± ta½ dassetuk±matt± buddhupp±dato paµµh±ya desana½ ±rabhat²ti vutta½ hoti. Ten±ha “tatth±”ti-±di. Heµµh± vuttehi guºeh²ti ettha “so ta½ dhamma½ sutv± tath±gate saddha½ paµilabhat²”ti-±din± (d². ni. 1.191) heµµh± vutt± saraºagamana½, s²lasampad±, indriyesu guttadv±rat±ti evam±dayo guº± veditabb±. Paµhama½ jh±na½ nibbattento na kilamat²ti yojan±. T±n²ti paµhamajjh±n±d²ni. “Paµhama½ jh±nan”ti-±din± p±¼iya½ paº²t±nameva jh±n±na½ ukkaµµhaniddeso katoti mantav± “eka½ kappa½, aµµha kappe”ti-±di vutta½, mah±kappavasena cettha attho. H²na½ pana paµhama½ jh±na½ asaªkhyeyyakappassa tatiyabh±ga½ ±yu½ deti. Majjhima½ upa¹¹hakappa½. H²na½ dutiya½ jh±na½ dve kapp±ni, majjhima½ catt±r²ti-±din± attho netabbo. Apica yasm± paº²t±niyevettha jh±n±ni adhippet±ni mahapphalatarabh±vadassanaparatt± desan±ya, tasm± “paµhama½ jh±na½ eka½ kappan”ti-±din± paº²t±neva jh±n±ni niddiµµh±n²ti daµµhabba½.

Tadev±ti catutthajjh±nameva. Catukkanayena hi desan± ±gat±. Yadi eva½ katha½ ±ruppat±ti ±ha “±k±s±nañc±yatan±disam±pattivasena bh±vitan”ti, tath± bh±vitatt± catutthajjh±nameva ±ruppa½ hutv± v²satikappasahass±d²ni ±yu½ det²ti adhipp±yo. Aya½ ±cariyassa mati. Atha v± tadev±ti ±ruppasaªkh±ta½ catutthajjh±nameva, ta½ pana kasm± v²satikappasahass±d²ni ±yu½ det²ti vutta½ “±k±s±nañc±yatan±disam±pattivasena bh±vitan”ti, tath± bh±vitatt± eva½ det²ti adhipp±yo. Aparo nayo “tadev±”ti vutte r³p±vacaracatutthajjh±namev±ti attho ±pajjeyy±ti ta½ nivattetu½ “±k±s±nañc±yatan±disam±pattivasena bh±vitan”ti ±ha, tath± bh±vita½ aªgasamat±ya catutthajjh±nasaªkh±ta½ ±ruppajjh±namev±dhippetanti vutta½ hoti.

Sammadeva niccasaññ±dipaµipakkhavidhamanavasena pavattam±n± pubbabh±giye eva bodhipakkhiyadhamme sam±nent² vipassan± vipassakapuggalassa anappaka½ p²tisomanassa½ sam±vahat²ti vutta½ “vipassan±sukhasadisassa pana sukhassa abh±v± mahapphalan”ti. Yath±ha dhammar±j± dhammapade–

“Yato yato sammasati, khandh±na½ udayabbaya½;
labhat² p²tip±mojja½, amata½ ta½ vij±natan”ti. (Dha. pa. 374).

Yasm± pan±ya½ desan± imin± anukkamena im±ni ñ±º±ni nibbattentassa vasena pavattit±, tasm± “vipassan±ñ±ºe patiµµh±y±”ti-±din± heµµhima½ heµµhima½ uparimassa uparimassa patiµµh±bh³ta½ katv± vutta½. Sam±nar³panimm±na½ n±ma manomayiddhiy± aññehi as±dh±raºakiccanti ±ha “attano…pe… mahapphal±”ti. Hatthi-ass±divividhar³pakaraºa½ vikubbana½, tassa dassanasamatthat±ya. Icchiticchitaµµh±na½ n±ma purimaj±t²su icchiticchito khandhapadeso. Arahattamaggeneva maggasukha½ niµµhitanti vutta½ “ati…pe… mahapphalan”ti. Sam±pentoti pariyos±pento.