Tividha-ok±s±dhigamavaººan±

288. “Sukhass±”ti ida½ tiººampi sukh±na½ s±dh±raºavacananti ±ha “jh±nasukhassa maggasukhassa phalasukhass±”ti. N±nappan±pattat±ya pana appadh±natt± upac±rajjh±nasukhassa, vipassan±sukhassa cettha aggahaºa½. Purimesu t±va dv²su ok±s±dhigamesu t²ºipi sukh±ni labbhanti, tatiye pana kathanti? Tattha k±ma½ t²ºi na labbhanti, dve pana labbhantiyeva. Yath±l±bhavasena heta½ vutta½. “Sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiµµhantamp²”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 1.249; ma. ni. 1.433; 2.259; a. ni. 1.45, 46) viya. Sa½saµµhoti sa½sagga½ upagato samaªg²bh³to, so pana tehi samann±gatacittopi hot²ti vutta½ “sampayuttacitto”ti. Ariyadhammanti ariyabh±vakara½ dhamma½. Up±yatoti vidhito. Pathatoti maggato. K±raºatoti hetuto. Yena hi vidhin± dhamm±nudhammapaµipatti hoti, so upeti eten±ti up±yo, so tadadhigamassa maggabh±vato patho, tassa karaºato k±raºanti ca vuccati.

“Aniccanti-±divasena manasi karot²”ti saªkhepato vuttamattha½ vivaritu½ “yoniso manasik±ro n±m±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha up±yamanasik±roti kusaladhammappavattiy± k±raºabh³to manasik±ro. Pathamanasik±roti tassa eva maggabh³to manasik±ro. Anicceti ±di-antavantat±ya, anaccantikat±ya ca anicce tebh³make saªkh±re “aniccan”ti manasik±roti yojan±. Eseva nayo sesesupi. Aya½ pana viseso tasmi½yeva udayabbayapaµip²¼anat±ya dukkhanato, dukkhamato ca dukkhe, avasavattanatthena, anattasabh±vat±ya ca anattani, asucisabh±vat±ya asubhe. Sabbampi hi tebh³maka½ saªkhata½ kiles±sucipaggharaºato “asubhan”tveva vattu½ arahati. Sacc±nulomikena v±ti sacc±bhisamayassa anulomanavasena. “Cittassa ±vaµµan±”ti-±din± ±vajjan±ya paccayabh³t± tato purimuppann± manodv±rik± kusalajavanappavatti phalavoh±reneva tath± vutt±. Tass± hi vasena s± kusaluppattiy± upanissayo hot²ti. ¾vajjan± hi bhavaªgacitta½ ±vaµµet²ti cittassa ±vaµµan±, anu anu ±vaµµet²ti anv±vaµµan±. Bhavaªg±rammaºato añña½ ±bhujat²ti ±bhogo. Samann±harat²ti samann±h±ro. Tadev±rammaºa½ att±na½ anubandhitv± anubandhitv± uppajjam±ne manasi karoti µhapet²ti manasik±ro. Aya½ vuccat²ti aya½ up±yamanasik±ralakkhaºo yonisomanasik±ro n±ma vuccati, yassa vasena puggalo dukkh±d²ni sacc±ni ±vajjitu½ sakkoti.

Asa½saµµhoti na sa½saµµho k±m±d²hi vivitto vin±bh³to. K±m±divisa½saggahetu uppajjanakasukha½ n±ma vivekaja½ p²tisukhanti ±ha “paµhamajjh±nasukhan”ti. K±ma½ paµhamajjh±nasukhampi somanassameva, suttesu pana ta½ k±yikasukhass±pi paccayabh±vato visesato “sukhan”tveva vuccat²ti idh±pi jh±nabh³ta½ somanassa½ sukhanti, itara½ somanassa½. Tena vutta½ “sukh±”ti. Hetumhi nissakkavacananti ±ha “jh±nasukhapaccay±”ti. Apar±para½ somanassanti jh±n±dhigamahetu paccavekkhaº±divasena punappuna½ uppajjanakasomanassa½.

Pamodana½ pamudo, taruºap²ti, tato pamud±. “P±mojja½ p²tatth±y±”ti-±d²su taruºap²ti “p±mojjan”ti vuccati, idha pana pakaµµho mudo pamudo p±mojjanti adhippeta½, tañca somanassarahita½ natth²ti avin±bh±vit±ya “balavatara½ p²tisomanassan”ti vutta½. Jh±nassa ujuvipaccan²kata½ sandh±ya “pañca n²varaº±ni vikkhambhetv±”ti vutta½. Jh±na½ pana tadekaµµhe sabbepi kilese, sabbepi akusale dhamme vikkhambhetiyeva, attano ok±sa½ gahetv± tiµµhati paµipakkhadhammehi anabhibhavan²yato. Tasm±ti ok±saggahaºato, laddhok±sat±y±ti attho. Maggaphalasukh±dhigam±ya ok±sabh±vato v± ok±so, assa adhigamo ok±s±dhigamo. Purimapakkhe pana ok±sa½ avasara½ adhigacchati eten±ti ok±s±dhigamo.

R³pasabh±vat±ya ekantar³p±dh²navuttit±ya, savipph±rikat±ya ca ±n±p±navitakkavic±r±na½ th³labh±va½ anuj±nanto “k±yavac²saªkh±r± t±va o¼±rik± hont³”ti ±ha. Tabbidhurat±ya pana ekacc±na½ vedan±saññ±na½ th³lata½ ananuj±nanto “cittasaªkh±r± katha½ o¼±rik±”ti ±ha. Itaro “appah²natt±”ti k±raºa½ vatv± “k±yasaªkh±r± h²”ti-±din± tamattha½ vivarati. Teti cittasaªkh±r±. Appah²n± saªkh±r± labbham±nasaªkh±ranimittat±ya “o¼±rik±”ti vattu½ arahanti, pah²n± pana tadabh±vato “sukhum±”ti ±ha “pah²ne up±d±ya appah²natt± o¼±rik± n±ma j±t±”ti. P±¼iya½ “k±yasaªkh±r±na½ paµippassaddhiy±”ti vuttatt± “sukhanti catutthajjh±nikaphalasam±pattisukhan”ti vutta½. “Cittasaªkh±r±na½ paµippassaddhiy±”ti pana vuttatt± “nirodh± vuµµhahantass±”ti vutta½. Vac²saªkh±rapaµippassaddhi k±yasaªkh±rapaµippassaddhiy±va siddh±ti veditabb±. Tenev±ha “dutiya…pe… visu½ na vutt±n²”ti. P±¼iya½ pana atthato siddh±pi sup±kaµabh±vena vibh±vetu½ sar³pato gaºh±ti. Na hi ariyavinaye atth±pattivibh±van± abhidhammadesan±ya pakat²ti. Yath± n²varaºavikkhambhanañca paµhamassa jh±nassa adhigam±ya up±yo, eva½ sukhadukkhavikkhambhana½ catutthassa jh±nassa adhigam±ya up±yoti “catutthajjh±na½ sukha½ dukkha½ vikkhambhetv±”ti vutta½. Sesa½ heµµh± vuttanayameva.

Avijj±r±g±d²hi saha vajjeh²ti s±vajja½, akusala½, tadabh±vato anavajja½ kusala½. Attano hitasukha½ ±kaªkhantena sevan²yato sevitabba½, kusala½, tabbipariy±yato na sevitabba½, akusala½. L±makabh±vena h²na½, akusala½, seµµhabh±vena paº²ta½, kusalanti s±vajjaduk±dayo tayopi duk± yath±raha½ etesa½ kusal±kusalakammapath±na½ vaseneva veditabb±. Sabbanti yath±vutta½ sabba½ cat³hi dukehi saªgahita½ dhammaj±ta½. Yath±raha½ kaºhañca sukkañca paµidvandibh±vato, sappaµibh±gañca appaµibh±gañca advayabh±vato. Vaµµapaµicch±dik± avijj± pah²yati catunna½ ariyasacc±na½ sammadeva paµivijjhanato. Tato eva arahattamaggavijj± uppajjati. Sukhanti eva½ kammapathamukhena tebh³makadhamme sammasitv± vipassana½ ussukk±petv± maggapaµip±µiy± arahatte patiµµhahantassa ya½ arahattamaggasukhañceva arahattaphalasukhañca, ta½ idha “sukhan”ti adhippeta½. Antogadh± eva n±nantariyabh±vato.

Aµµhati½s±rammaºavasen±ti p±¼iya½ ±gat±na½ aµµhati½s±ya kammaµµh±n±na½ vasena. Vitth±retv± kathetabb± paµhamajjh±n±divasena ±gatatt±ti adhipp±yo. “Kathan”ti-±din± tameva vitth±retv± kathana½ nayato dasseti. “Catuv²satiy± µh±nes³”ti-±d²su ya½ vattabba½, ta½ mah±parinibb±navaººan±ya½ (d². ni. aµµha. 2.219) vuttameva. “Nirodhasam±patti½ p±petv±”ti imin± ar³pajjh±n±nipi gahit±ni honti tehi vin± nirodhasam±pattisam±pajjanassa asambhavato, catutthajjh±nasabh±vatt± ca tesa½. Dasa upac±rajjh±n±n²ti µhapetv± k±yagat±sati½ ±n±p±nañca aµµha anussatiyo, saññ±vavatth±nañc±ti dasa upac±rajjh±n±ni. Adhis²la½ n±ma sam±dhisa½vattaniyanti tassa heµµhimantena paµhamajjh±na½ pariyos±nanti vutta½ “adhis²lasikkh± paµhama½ ok±s±dhigama½ bhajat²”ti. Adhicitta½ n±ma catutthajjh±naniµµha½ tadantogadhatt± ar³pajjh±n±na½, tappariyos±natt± phalajjh±n±nanti vutta½ “adhicittasikkh± dutiyan”ti. Matthakappatt± adhipaññ±sikkh± n±ma aggamaggavijj±ti ±ha “adhipaññ±sikkh± tatiyan”ti. Sikkhattayavasena tayo ok±s±dhigame n²harantena yath±raha½ ta½ta½suttavasenapi n²haritabbanti dassento “s±maññaphalep²”ti-±dim±ha.

Yadaggena ca tisso sikkh± yath±kkama½ tayo ok±s±dhigame bhajanti, tadaggena tappadh±natt± yath±kkama½ t²ºi piµak±ni te bhajant²ti dassetu½ “t²su pan±”ti-±di vutta½. T²ºi piµak±ni vibhajitv±ti tiººa½ ok±s±dhigam±na½ vasena yath±nupubba½ t²ºi piµak±ni vitth±retv± kathetu½ labhiss±m±ti. Samodh±netv±ti sam±yojetv± tattha vuttamattha½ imassa suttassa atthabh±vena sam±netv±. Dukkathitanti asambandhakathanena, atipapañcakathanena v± duµµhu kathitanti na sakk± vattu½ tath±kathanasseva sukathanabh±vatoti ±ha “tepiµaka½…pe… sukathita½ hot²”ti.