Paµiccasamupp±davaººan±

96. Id±ni yasm± ida½ sutta½– “gambh²ro c±ya½, ±nanda, paµiccasamupp±do”ti ca “tant±kulakaj±t±”ti ca dv²hiyeva padehi ±baddha½, tasm±– “gambh²ro c±ya½, ±nanda, paµiccasamupp±do”ti imin± t±va anusandhin± paccay±k±rassa gambh²rabh±vadassanattha½ desana½ ±rabhanto atthi idappaccay± jar±maraºanti-±dim±ha. Tatr±yamattho– imassa jar±maraºassa paccayo idappaccayo, tasm± idappaccay± atthi jar±maraºa½, atthi nu kho jar±maraºassa paccayo, yamh± paccay± jar±maraºa½ bhaveyy±ti eva½ puµµhena sat±, ±nanda, paº¹itena puggalena yath±– “ta½ j²va½ ta½ sar²ran”ti vutte µhapan²yatt± pañhassa tuºh² bhavitabba½ hoti, “aby±katameta½ tath±gaten±”ti v± vattabba½ hoti, eva½ appaµipajjitv±, yath±– “cakkhu sassata½ asassatan”ti vutte asassatanti eka½seneva vattabba½ hoti, eva½ eka½seneva atth²tissa vacan²ya½. Puna ki½ paccay± jar±maraºa½, ko n±ma so paccayo, yato jar±maraºa½ hot²ti vutte j±tipaccay± jar±maraºanti iccassa vacan²ya½, eva½ vattabba½ bhaveyy±ti attho. Esa nayo sabbapadesu.

N±mar³papaccay± phassoti ida½ pana yasm± sa¼±yatanapaccay±ti vutte cakkhusamphass±d²na½ channa½ vip±kasamphass±na½yeva gahaºa½ hoti, idha ca “sa¼±yatanapaccay±”ti imin± padena gahitampi agahitampi paccayuppannavisesa½ phassassa ca sa¼±yatanato atiritta½ aññampi visesapaccaya½ dassetuk±mo, tasm± vuttanti veditabba½. Imin± pana v±rena bhagavat± ki½ kathitanti? Paccay±na½ nid±na½ kathita½. Idañhi sutta½ paccaye nijjaµe niggumbe katv± kathitatt± mah±nid±nanti vuccati.

98. Id±ni tesa½ tesa½ paccay±na½ tatha½ avitatha½ anaññatha½ paccayabh±va½ dassetu½ j±tipaccay± jar±maraºanti iti kho paneta½ vuttanti-±dim±ha. Tattha pariy±yen±ti k±raºena. Sabbenasabba½ sabbath±sabbanti nip±tadvayameta½. Tassattho– “sabb±k±rena sabb± sabbena sabh±vena sabb± j±ti n±ma yadi na bhaveyy±”ti. Bhav±d²supi imin±va nayena attho veditabbo. Kassac²ti aniyamavacanameta½, dev±d²su yassa kassaci. Kimhic²ti idampi aniyamavacanameva, k±mabhav±d²su navasu bhavesu yattha katthaci. Seyyathidanti aniyamitanikkhitta-atthavibhajanatthe nip±to, tassattho– “ya½ vutta½ ‘kassaci kimhic²’ti, tassa te attha½ vibhajiss±m²”ti. Atha na½ vibhajanto– “dev±na½ v± devatt±y±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha dev±na½ v± devatt±y±ti y± aya½ dev±na½ devabh±v±ya khandhaj±ti, y±ya khandhaj±tiy± dev± “dev±”ti vuccanti. Sace hi j±ti sabbena sabba½ n±bhaviss±ti imin± nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. Ettha ca dev±ti upapattidev±. Gandhabb±ti m³lakhandh±d²su adhivatthadevat±va. Yakkh±ti amanuss±. Bh³t±ti ye keci nibbattasatt±. Pakkhinoti ye keci aµµhipakkh± v± cammapakkh± v± lomapakkh± v±. Sar²sap±ti ye keci bh³miya½ sarant± gacchanti. Tesa½ tesanti tesa½ tesa½ devagandhabb±d²na½. Tadatth±y±ti devagandhabb±dibh±v±ya. J±tinirodh±ti j±tivigam±, j±ti-abh±v±ti attho.

Het³ti-±d²ni sabb±nipi k±raºavevacan±ni eva. K±raºañhi yasm± attano phalatth±ya hinoti pavattati, tasm± “het³”ti vuccati. Yasm± ta½ phala½ nideti– “handa, na½ gaºhath±”ti appeti viya tasm± nid±na½. Yasm± phala½ tato samudeti uppajjati, tañca paµicca eti pavattati, tasm± samudayoti ca paccayoti ca vuccati. Esa nayo sabbattha. Api ca yadida½ j±t²ti ettha yadidanti nip±to. Tassa sabbapadesu liªg±nur³pato attho veditabbo. Idha pana– “y± es± j±t²”ti ayamassa attho. Jar±maraºassa hi j±ti upanissayakoµiy± paccayo hoti.

99. Bhavapade– “kimhic²”ti imin± ok±sapariggaho kato. Tattha heµµh± av²cipariyanta½ katv± upari paranimmitavasavattideve antokaritv± k±mabhavo veditabbo. Aya½ nayo upapattibhave. Idha pana kammabhave yujjati. So hi j±tiy± upanissayakoµiy±va paccayo hoti. Up±d±napad±d²supi– “kimhic²”ti imin± ok±sapariggahova katoti veditabbo.

100. Up±d±napaccay± bhavoti ettha k±mup±d±na½ tiººampi kammabhav±na½ tiººañca upapattibhav±na½ paccayo, tath± ses±nip²ti up±d±napaccay± catuv²satibhav± veditabb±. Nippariy±yenettha dv±dasa kammabhav± labbhanti. Tesa½ up±d±n±ni sahaj±takoµiy±pi upanissayakoµiy±pi paccayo.

101. R³pataºh±ti r³p±rammaºe taºh±. Esa nayo saddataºh±d²su. S± panes± taºh± up±d±nassa sahaj±takoµiy±pi upanissayakoµiy±pi paccayo hoti.

102. Esa paccayo taºh±ya, yadida½ vedan±ti ettha vip±kavedan± taºh±ya upanissayakoµiy± paccayo hoti, aññ± aññath±p²ti.

103. Ett±vat± pana bhagav± vaµµam³labh³ta½ purimataºha½ dassetv± id±ni desana½, piµµhiya½ paharitv± kesesu v± gahetv± viravanta½ viravanta½ maggato okkamento viya navahi padehi samud±c±rataºha½ dassento– “iti kho paneta½, ±nanda, vedana½ paµicca taºh±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha taºh±ti dve taºh± esanataºh± ca, esitataºh± ca. Y±ya taºh±ya ajapathasaªkupath±d²ni paµipajjitv± bhoge esati gavesati, aya½ esanataºh± n±ma. Y± tesu esitesu gavesitesu paµiladdhesu taºh±, aya½ esitataºh± n±ma. Tadubhayampi samud±c±rataºh±ya eva adhivacana½. Tasm± duvidh±pes± vedana½ paµicca taºh± n±ma. Pariyesan± n±ma r³p±di-±rammaºapariyesan±, s± hi taºh±ya sati hoti. L±bhoti r³p±di-±rammaºapaµil±bho, so hi pariyesan±ya sati hoti. Vinicchayo pana ñ±ºataºh±diµµhivitakkavasena catubbidho. Tattha– “sukhavinicchaya½ jaññ±, sukhavinicchaya½ ñatv± ajjhatta½ sukhamanuyuñjeyy±”ti (ma. ni. 3.323) aya½ ñ±ºavinicchayo. “Vinicchayoti dve vinicchay±– taºh±vinicchayo ca diµµhivinicchayo c±”ti (mah±ni. 102). Eva½ ±gat±ni aµµhasatataºh±vicarit±ni taºh±vinicchayo. Dv±saµµhi diµµhiyo diµµhivinicchayo. “Chando kho, dev±naminda, vitakkanid±no”ti (d². ni. 2.358) imasmi½ pana sutte idha vinicchayoti vutto vitakkoyeva ±gato. L±bha½ labhitv± hi iµµh±niµµha½ sundar±sundarañca vitakkeneva vinicchin±ti “ettaka½ me r³p±rammaºatth±ya bhavissati, ettaka½ sadd±di-±rammaºatth±ya, ettaka½ mayha½ bhavissati, ettaka½ parassa, ettaka½ paribhuñjiss±mi, ettaka½ nidahiss±m²”ti. Tena vutta½– “l±bha½ paµicca vinicchayo”ti.

Chandar±goti eva½ akusalavitakkena vitakkitavatthusmi½ dubbalar±go ca balavar±go ca uppajjati, idañhi idha taºh±. Chandoti dubbalar±gass±dhivacana½. Ajjhos±nanti aha½ mamanti balavasanniµµh±na½. Pariggahoti taºh±diµµhavasena pariggahaºakaraºa½. Macchariyanti parehi s±dh±raºabh±vassa asahanat±. Tenevassa por±º± eva½ vacanattha½ vadanti– “ida½ acchariya½ mayhameva hotu, m± aññesa½ acchariya½ hot³ti pavattatt± macchariyanti vuccat²”ti. ¾rakkhoti dv±rapidahanamañj³sagopan±divasena suµµhu rakkhaºa½. Adhikarot²ti adhikaraºa½, k±raºasseta½ n±ma½. ¾rakkh±dhikaraºanti bh±vanapu½saka½, ±rakkhahet³ti attho. Daº¹±d±n±d²su paranisedhanattha½ daº¹assa ±d±na½ daº¹±d±na½. Ekato dh±r±dino satthassa ±d±na½ satth±d±na½. Kalahoti k±yakalahopi v±c±kalahopi. Purimo purimo virodho viggaho. Pacchimo pacchimo viv±do. Tuva½tuvanti ag±ravavacana½ tuva½tuva½.

112. Id±ni paµilomanayen±pi ta½samud±c±rataºha½ dassetu½ puna– “±rakkh±dhikaraºan”ti ±rabhanto desana½ nivattesi. Tattha k±mataºh±ti pañcak±maguºikar±gavasena uppann± r³p±ditaºh±. Bhavataºh±ti sassatadiµµhisahagato r±go. Vibhavataºh±ti ucchedadiµµhisahagato r±go. Ime dve dhamm±ti vaµµam³lataºh± ca samud±c±rataºh± c±ti ime dve dhamm±. Dvayen±ti taºh±lakkhaºavasena ekabh±va½ gat±pi vaµµam³lasamud±c±ravasena dv²hi koµµh±sehi vedan±ya ekasamosaraº± bhavanti, vedan±paccayena ekapaccay±ti attho. Tividhañhi samosaraºa½ osaraºasamosaraºa½, sahaj±tasamosaraºa½, paccayasamosaraºañca. Tattha– “atha kho sabb±ni t±ni k±masamosaraº±ni bhavant²”ti ida½ osaraºasamosaraºa½ n±ma. “Chandam³lak±, ±vuso, ete dhamm± phassasamuday± vedan±samosaraº±”ti (a. ni. 8.83) ida½ sahaj±tasamosaraºa½ n±ma. “Dvayena vedan±ya ekasamosaraº±”ti ida½ pana paccayasamosaraºanti veditabba½.

113. Cakkhusamphassoti ±dayo sabbe vip±kaphass±yeva. Tesu µhapetv± catt±ro lokuttaravip±kaphasse avases± dvatti½sa phass± honti. Yadida½ phassoti ettha pana phasso bahudh± vedan±ya paccayo hoti.

114. Yehi, ±nanda, ±k±reh²ti-±d²su ±k±r± vuccanti vedan±d²na½ aññamañña½ asadisasabh±v±. Teyeva s±dhuka½ dassiyam±n± ta½ ta½ l²namattha½ gament²ti liªg±ni. Tassa tassa sañj±nanahetuto nimitt±ni. Tath± tath± uddisitabbato uddes± Tasm± ayamettha attho– “±nanda, yehi ±k±rehi…pe… yehi uddesehi n±mak±yassa n±masam³hassa paññatti hoti, y± es± ca vedan±ya vedayit±k±re vedayitaliªge vedayitanimitte vedan±ti uddese sati, saññ±ya sañj±nan±k±re sañj±nanaliªge sañj±nananimitte saññ±ti uddese sati, saªkh±r±na½ cetan±k±re cetan±liªge cetan±nimitte cetan±ti uddese sati, viññ±ºassa vij±nan±k±re vij±nanaliªge vij±nananimitte viññ±ºanti uddese sati– ‘aya½ n±mak±yo’ti n±mak±yassa paññatti hoti. Tesu n±mak±yappaññattihet³su vedan±d²su ±k±r±d²su asati api nu kho r³pak±ye adhivacanasamphasso paññ±yetha? Yv±ya½ catt±ro khandhe vatthu½ katv± manodv±re adhivacanasamphassavevacano manosamphasso uppajjati, api nu kho so r³pak±ye paññ±yetha, pañca pas±de vatthu½ katv± katv± uppajjeyy±”ti. Atha ±yasm± ±nando ambarukkhe asati jamburukkhato ambapakkassa uppatti½ viya r³pak±yato tassa uppatti½ asampaµicchanto no heta½ bhanteti ±ha.

Dutiyapañhe ruppan±k±raruppanaliªgaruppananimittavasena r³panti uddesavasena ca ±k±r±d²na½ attho veditabbo. Paµighasamphassoti sappaµigha½ r³pakkhandha½ vatthu½ katv± uppajjanakasamphasso. Idh±pi thero jamburukkhe asati ambarukkhato jambupakkassa uppatti½ viya n±mak±yato tassa uppatti½ asampaµicchanto “no heta½ bhante”ti ±ha.

Tatiyapañho ubhayavaseneva vutto. Tatra thero ±k±se ambajambupakk±na½ uppatti½ viya n±mar³p±bh±ve dvinnampi phass±na½ uppatti½ asampaµicchanto “no heta½ bhante”ti ±ha.

Eva½ dvinna½ phass±na½ visu½ visu½ paccaya½ dassetv± id±ni dvinnampi tesa½ avisesato n±mar³papaccayata½ dassetu½– “yehi ±nanda ±k±reh²”ti catuttha½ pañha½ ±rabhi. Yadida½ n±mar³panti ya½ ida½ n±mar³pa½, ya½ ida½ chasupi dv±resu n±mar³pa½, eseva hetu eseva paccayoti attho. Cakkhudv±r±d²su hi cakkh±d²ni ceva r³p±rammaº±d²ni ca r³pa½, sampayuttak± khandh± n±manti eva½ pañcavidhopi so phasso n±mar³papaccay±va phasso. Manodv±repi hadayavatthuñceva yañca r³pa½ ±rammaºa½ hoti, ida½ r³pa½. Sampayuttadhamm± ceva yañca ar³pa½ ±rammaºa½ hoti, ida½ ar³pa½ n±ma. Eva½ manosamphassopi n±mar³papaccay± phassoti veditabbo. N±mar³pa½ panassa bahudh± paccayo hoti.

115. Na okkamissath±ti pavisitv± pavattam±na½ viya paµisandhivasena na vattissatha. Samuccissath±ti paµisandhiviññ±ºe asati api nu kho suddha½ avasesa½ n±mar³pa½ antom±tukucchismi½ kalal±dibh±vena samuccita½ missakabh³ta½ hutv± vattissatha. Okkamitv± vokkamissath±ti paµisandhivasena okkamitv± cutivasena vokkamissatha, nirujjhissath±ti attho. So panassa nirodho na tasseva cittassa nirodhena, na tato dutiyatatiy±na½ nirodhena hoti. Paµisandhicittena hi saddhi½ samuµµhit±ni samati½sa kammajar³p±ni nibbattanti. Tesu pana µhitesuyeva so¼asa bhavaªgacitt±ni uppajjitv± nirujjhanti. Etasmi½ antare gahitapaµisandhikassa d±rakassa v± m±tuy± v± panassa antar±yo natthi. Ayañhi anok±so n±ma. Sace pana paµisandhicittena saddhi½ samuµµhitar³p±ni sattarasamassa bhavaªgassa paccaya½ d±tu½ sakkonti, pavatti pavattati, paveº² ghaµiyati. Sace pana na sakkonti, pavatti nappavattati, paveº² na ghaµiyati, vokkamati n±ma hoti. Ta½ sandh±ya “okkamitv± vokkamissath±”ti vutta½.

Itthatt±y±ti itthabh±v±ya, eva½ paripuººapañcakkhandhabh±v±y±ti attho. Daharasseva satoti mandassa b±lasseva santassa. Vocchijjissath±ti upacchijjissatha vu¹¹hi½ vir³¼hi½ vepullanti viññ±ºe upacchinne suddha½ n±mar³pameva uµµhahitv± paµhamavayavasena vu¹¹hi½, majjhimavayavasena vir³¼hi½, pacchimavayavasena vepulla½ api nu kho ±pajjissath±ti. Dasavassav²sativassavassasatavassasahassasamp±panena v± api nu kho vu¹¹hi½ vir³¼hi½ vepulla½ ±pajjissath±ti attho.

Tasm±tih±nand±ti yasm± m±tukucchiya½ paµisandhiggahaºepi kucchiv±sepi kucchito nikkhamanepi, pavattiya½ dasavass±dik±lepi viññ±ºamevassa paccayo, tasm± eseva hetu esa paccayo n±mar³passa, yadida½ viññ±ºa½. Yath± hi r±j± attano parisa½ niggaºhanto eva½ vadeyya– “tva½ upar±j±, tva½ sen±pat²ti kena kato nanu may± kato, sace hi mayi akaronte tva½ attano dhammat±ya upar±j± v± sen±pati v± bhaveyy±si, j±neyy±ma vo balan”ti; evameva viññ±ºa½ n±mar³passa paccayo hoti. Atthato eva½ n±mar³pa½ vadati viya “tva½ n±ma½, tva½ r³pa½, tva½ n±mar³pa½ n±m±ti kena kata½, nanu may± kata½, sace hi mayi purec±rike hutv± m±tukucchismi½ paµisandhi½ agaºhante tva½ n±ma½ v± r³pa½ v± n±mar³pa½ v± bhaveyy±si, j±neyy±ma vo balan”ti. Ta½ paneta½ viññ±ºa½ n±mar³passa bahudh± paccayo hoti.

116. Dukkhasamudayasambhavoti dukkhar±sisambhavo. Yadida½ n±mar³panti ya½ ida½ n±mar³pa½, eseva hetu esa paccayo. Yath± hi r±japuris± r±j±na½ niggaºhanto eva½ vadeyyu½– “tva½ r±j±ti kena kato, nanu may± kato, sace hi mayi upar±jaµµh±ne, mayi sen±patiµµh±ne atiµµhante tva½ ekakova r±j± bhaveyy±si, passeyy±ma te r±jabh±van”ti; evameva n±mar³pampi atthato eva½ viññ±ºa½ vadati viya “tva½ paµisandhiviññ±ºanti kena kata½, nanu amhehi kata½, sace hi tva½ tayo khandhe hadayavatthuñca aniss±ya paµisandhiviññ±ºa½ n±ma bhaveyy±si, passeyy±ma te paµisandhiviññ±ºabh±van”ti. Tañca paneta½ n±mar³pa½ viññ±ºassa bahudh± paccayo hoti.

Ett±vat± khoti viññ±ºe n±mar³passa paccaye honte, n±mar³pe viññ±ºassa paccaye honte, dv²su aññamaññapaccayavasena pavattesu ettakena j±yetha v±…pe… upapajjetha v±, j±ti-±dayo paññ±yeyyu½ apar±para½ v± cutipaµisandhiyoti.

Adhivacanapathoti “siriva¹¹hako dhanava¹¹hako”ti-±dikassa attha½ adisv± vacanamattameva adhikicca pavattassa voh±rassa patho. Niruttipathoti sarat²ti sato, sampaj±n±t²ti sampaj±noti-±dikassa k±raº±padesavasena pavattassa voh±rassa patho. Paññattipathoti– “paº¹ito byatto medh±v² nipuºo kataparappav±do”ti-±dikassa n±nappak±rato ñ±panavasena pavattassa voh±rassa patho. Iti t²hi padehi adhivacan±d²na½ vatthubh³t± khandh±va kathit±. Paññ±vacaranti paññ±ya avacaritabba½ j±nitabba½. Vaµµa½ vattat²ti sa½s±ravaµµa½ vattati. Itthattanti ittha½bh±vo, khandhapañcakasseta½ n±ma½. Paññ±pan±y±ti n±mapaññattatth±ya. “Vedan± saññ±”ti-±din± n±mapaññattatth±ya, khandhapañcakampi ett±vat± paññ±yat²ti attho. Yadida½ n±mar³pa½ saha viññ±ºen±ti ya½ ida½ n±mar³pa½ saha viññ±ºena aññamaññapaccayat±ya pavattati, ett±vat±ti vutta½ hoti. Idañhettha niyy±titavacana½.