142. Ass±ti bhagavato. Guºavisiµµhasabbasattuttamagarug±rav±dhivacananti sabbehi s²l±diguºehi visiµµhassa tato eva sabbasattehi uttamassa garuno g±ravavasena vuttavacanamida½ bhagav±ti. Tath± hi lokan±tho aparimitanirupamappabh±vas²l±diguºavisesasamaªgit±ya sabb±natthaparih±rapubbaªgam±ya niravasesahitasukhavidh±natappar±ya niratisay±ya payogasampattiy± sadevamanuss±ya paj±ya, accantupak±rit±ya ca aparim±º±su lokadh±t³su aparim±º±na½ satt±na½ uttamag±ravaµµh±nanti.
Bhagav±ti vacana½ seµµhanti seµµhav±caka½ vacana½ seµµhaguºasahacaraºato “seµµhan”ti vutta½. Atha v± vuccat²ti vacana½, attho. Tasm± yo “bhagav±”ti vacanena vacan²yo attho, so seµµhoti attho. Bhagav±ti vacanamuttamanti etth±pi eseva nayo. G±ravayuttoti garubh±vayutto garuguºayogato, garukaraºa½ v± s±tisaya½ arahat²ti g±ravayutto, g±rav±rahoti attho.
Guºavisesahetuka½ “bhagav±”ti ida½ bhagavato n±manti saªkhepato vuttamattha½ vitth±rato vibhajituk±mo n±ma½yeva t±va atthuddh±ravasena dassento “catubbidha½ v± n±man”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha ±vatthikanti avatth±ya vidita½ ta½ ta½ avattha½ up±d±ya paññatta½ voharita½. Tath± liªgika½ tena tena liªgena voharita½. Nemittikanti nimittato ±gata½. Adhiccasamuppannanti yadicch±ya pavatta½, yadicch±ya ±gata½ yadicchaka½. Paµhamena ±di-saddena b±lo, yuv±, vu¹¹hoti evam±di½ saªgaºh±ti, dutiyena muº¹², jaµ²ti evam±di½, tatiyena bahussuto, dhammakathiko, jh±y²ti evam±di½, catutthena aghamarisana½ p±vacananti evam±di½ saªgaºh±ti. “Nemittikan”ti vuttamattha½ byatirekavasena patiµµh±petu½ “na mah±m±y±y±”ti-±di vutta½. “Vimokkhantikan”ti imin± ida½ n±ma½ ariy±ya j±tiy± j±takkhaºeyeva j±tanti dasseti. Yadi vimokkhantika½, atha kasm± aññehi kh²º±savehi as±dh±raºanti ±ha “saha sabbaññutaññ±ºassa paµil±bh±”ti. Buddh±nañhi arahattaphala½ nipphajjam±na½ sabbaññutaññ±º±d²hi sabbehi buddhaguºehi saddhi½yeva nipphajjati. Tena vutta½ “vimokkhantikan”ti. Sacchik± paññatt²ti sabbadhamm±na½ sacchikiriy±nimitt± paññatti. Atha v± sacchik± paññatt²ti paccakkhasiddh± paññatti. Ya½guºanimitt± hi s±, te satthu paccakkhabh³t±ti guº± viya s±pi sacchikat± eva n±ma hoti, na paresa½ voh±ramatten±ti adhipp±yo.
143. Vadant²ti mah±therassa garubh±vato bahuvacanen±ha, saªg²tik±rehi v± katamanuv±da½ sandh±ya. Issariy±dibhedo bhago assa atth²ti bhag². Ak±si bhagganti r±g±dip±padhamma½ bhagga½ ak±si, bhaggav±ti attho. Bah³hi ñ±yeh²ti k±yabh±van±dikehi anekehi bh±van±kkamehi. Subh±vitattanoti sammadeva bh±vitasabh±vassa. Paccatte ceta½ s±mivacana½.
Niddese vuttanayen±ti etth±ya½ niddesanayo–
“Bhagav±ti g±rav±dhivacanameta½. Apica bhaggar±goti bhagav±, bhaggadosoti bhagav±, bhaggamohoti bhagav±, bhaggam±noti bhagav±, bhaggadiµµh²ti bhagav±, bhaggataºhoti bhagav±, bhaggakilesoti bhagav±, bhaji vibhaji pavibhaji dhammaratananti bhagav±, bhav±na½ antakaroti bhagav±, bh±vitak±yo bh±vitas²lo bh±vitacitto bh±vitapaññoti bhagav±, bhaji v± bhagav± araññavanapatth±ni pant±ni sen±san±ni appasadd±ni appanigghos±ni vijanav±t±ni manussar±hasseyyak±ni paµisall±nas±rupp±n²ti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± c²varapiº¹ap±tasen±sanagil±napaccayabhesajjaparikkh±r±nanti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± attharasassa dhammarasassa vimuttirasassa adhis²lassa adhicittassa adhipaññ±y±ti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± catunna½ jh±n±na½ catunna½ appamaññ±na½ catunna½ ar³pasam±patt²nanti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± aµµhanna½ vimokkh±na½ aµµhanna½ abhibh±yatan±na½ navanna½ anupubbavih±rasam±patt²nanti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± dasanna½ saññ±bh±van±na½ dasanna½ kasiºasam±patt²na½ ±n±p±nassatisam±dhissa asubhasam±pattiy±ti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± catunna½ satipaµµh±n±na½ catunna½ sammappadh±n±na½ catunna½ iddhip±d±na½ pañcanna½ indriy±na½ pañcanna½ bal±na½ sattanna½ bojjhaªg±na½ ariyassa aµµhaªgikassa maggass±ti bhagav±, bh±g² v± bhagav± dasanna½ tath±gatabal±na½ catunna½ ves±rajj±na½ catunna½ paµisambhid±na½ channa½ abhiññ±na½ channa½ buddhadhamm±nanti bhagav±, bhagav±ti neta½ n±ma½…pe… sacchik± paññatti yadida½ bhagav±”ti (mah±ni. 83).
Ettha ca “g±rav±dhivacanan”ti-±d²ni yadipi g±th±ya½ ±gatapad±nukkamena na niddiµµh±ni, yath±raha½ pana tesa½ sabbesampi niddesabh±vena veditabb±ni. Tattha g±rav±dhivacananti gar³na½ garubh±vav±caka½ vacana½. Bhaj²ti bh±gaso kathesi. Ten±ha “vibhaj²”ti. Dhammaratananti maggaphal±di-ariyadhammaratana½. Puna bhaj²ti sevi. Bh±g²ti bh±gadheyyav±. Puna bh±g²ti bhajanas²lo. Attharasass±ti atthasannissayassa rasassa. Vimutt±yatanas²se hi µhatv± dhamma½ kathentassa, suºantassa ca tadattha½ ±rabbha uppajjanakap²tisomanassa½ attharaso. Dhamma½ ±rabbha dhammaraso. Ya½ sandh±ya vutta½ “labhati atthaveda½, labhati dhammavedan”ti (a. ni. 6.10). Vimuttirasass±ti vimuttibh³tassa, vimuttisannissayassa v± rasassa. Saññ±bh±van±nanti aniccasaññ±d²na½ dasanna½ saññ±bh±van±na½. Channa½ buddhadhamm±nanti cha as±dh±raºañ±º±ni sandh±ya vutta½. Tattha tattha “bhagav±”ti saddasiddhi niruttinayena veditabb±.
144. Yadipi “bh±gyav±”ti-±d²hi padehi vuccam±no attho “bhag² bhaj²”ti niddesag±th±ya saªgahito eva, tath±pi padasiddhi atthavibh±ga-atthayojan±disahito sa½vaººan±nayo tato aññ±k±roti vutta½ “aya½ pana aparo nayo”ti. ¾dikanti ±di-saddena vaººavik±ro vaººalopo, dh±tu-atthena niyojanañc±ti ima½ tividha½ lakkhaºa½ saªgaºh±ti. Saddanayen±ti by±karaºanayena. Pisodar±d²na½ sadd±na½ ±katigaºabh±vato vutta½ “pisodar±dipakkhepalakkhaºa½ gahetv±”ti. Pakkhipanameva lakkhaºa½. Tappariy±pannat±karaºa½ hi pakkhipana½. P±rappattanti paramukka½sagata½ p±ramibh±vappatta½. Bh±gyanti kusala½. Tattha maggakusala½ lokuttarasukhanibbattaka½, itara½ lokiyasukhanibbattaka½, itarampi v± vivaµµ³panissaya½ pariy±yato lokuttarasukhanibbattaka½ siy±.
Lobh±dayo ekakavasena gahit±. Tath± vipar²tamanasik±ro vipall±sabh±vas±maññena, ahirik±dayo dukavasena. Lobh±dayo ca puna “tividh±kusalam³lan”ti tikavasena gahit±. K±yaduccarit±di-taºh±sa½kiles±dir±gamal±dir±gavisam±dik±masaññ±dik±mavitakk±ditaºh±papañc±dayo tividhaduccarit±dayo. Subhasaññ±dik± catubbidhavipariyes±. “C²varahetu v± bhikkhuno taºh± uppajjam±n± uppajjati, piº¹ap±ta sen±sana, itibhav±bhavahetu v±”ti (a. ni. 4.9) evam±gat± catt±ro taºhupp±d±. “Buddhe kaªkhati, dhamme, saªghe, sikkh±ya, sabrahmac±r²su kupito hoti anattamano ±hatacitto kh²laj±to”ti (d². ni. 3.319; ma. ni. 1.185; a. ni. 5.205; 9.71; vibha. 941) evam±gat±ni pañca cetokh²l±ni. “K±me av²tar±go hoti, k±ye av²tar±go, r³pe av²tar±go, y±vadattha½ udar±vadehaka½ bhuñjitv± seyyasukha½ passasukha½ middhasukha½ anuyutto viharati, aññatara½ devanik±ya½ paºidh±ya brahmacariya½ carat²”ti (d². ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186) ±gat± pañca vinibandh±. R³p±bhinandan±dayo pañc±bhinandan±. Kodho, makkho, iss±, s±µheyya½, p±picchat±, sandiµµhipar±m±soti im±ni cha viv±dam³l±ni. R³pataºh±dayo cha taºh±k±y±.
K±mar±gapaµighadiµµhivicikicch±bhavar±gam±n±vijj± satt±nusay±. Micch±diµµhi-±dayo aµµha micchatt±. “Taºha½ paµicca pariyesan±, pariyesana½ paµicca l±bho, l±bha½ paµicca vinicchayo, vinicchaya½ paµicca chandar±go, chandar±ga½ paµicca ajjhos±na½, ajjhos±na½ paµicca pariggaho, pariggaha½ paµicca macchariya½, macchariya½ paµicca ±rakkh±, ±rakkh±dhikaraºa½ daº¹±d±n±dayo”ti (d². ni. 2.103; 3.359) ete nava taºh±m³lak±. Catt±ro sassatav±d±, catt±ro ekaccasassatav±d±, catt±ro ant±nantik±, catt±ro amar±vikkhepik±, dve adhiccasamuppannik±, so¼asa saññ²v±d±, aµµha asaññ²v±d±, aµµha nevasaññ²n±saññ²v±d± satta ucchedav±d±, pañca paramadiµµhadhammanibb±nav±d±ti et±ni dv±saµµhi diµµhigat±ni. Ajjhattikassa up±d±ya “asm²”ti hoti, “itthasm²”ti, “evasm²”ti, “aññath±sm²”ti, “bhavissan”ti, “ittha½ bhavissan”ti, “eva½ bhavissan”ti, “aññath± bhavissan”ti, “asasm²”ti, “s±tasm²”ti, “siyan”ti, “ittha½ siyan”ti, “eva½ siyan”ti, “aññath± siyan”ti, “ap±ha½ siyan”ti, “ap±ha½ ittha½ siyan”ti, “ap±ha½ eva½ siyan”ti, “ap±ha½ aññath± siyan”ti hot²ti aµµh±rasa, b±hirassup±d±ya “imin± asm²”ti hoti, “imin± itthasm²”ti, “imin± evasm²”ti, “imin± aññath±sm²”ti-±dik± (vibha. 975-976) vuttanay± aµµh±ras±ti chatti½sa, at²t± chatti½sa, an±gat± chatti½sa, paccuppann± chatti½s±ti aµµhasatataºh±vicarit±ni.
Pabheda-saddo pacceka½ sambandhitabbo. Tatth±ya½ yojan±– lobhappabhed± dosappabhed± y±va aµµhasatataºh±vicaritappabhed±ti. Sabb±ni satt±na½ darathapari¼±hakar±ni kiles±na½ anek±ni satasahass±ni abhañj²ti yojan±. ¾rammaº±divibh±gato hi pavatti-±k±ravibh±gato ca anantappabhed± kiles±ti. Saªkhepatoti ettha samucchedappah±navasena sabbaso appavattikaraºena kilesam±ra½, samudayappah±napariññ±vasena khandham±ra½, sah±yavekallakaraºavasena sabbath± appavattikaraºena abhisaªkh±ram±ra½, balavidhamanavisay±tikkamanavasena devaputtamaccum±rañca abhañji bhagge ak±si. Parissay±nanti upaddav±na½. Sampati, ±yatiñca satt±na½ anatth±vahatt± m±raºaµµhena vib±dhanaµµhena kiles±va m±roti kilesam±ro. Vadhakaµµhena khandh±va m±roti khandham±ro. Tath± hi vutta½ “vadhaka½ r³pa½ ‘vadhaka½ r³pan’ti yath±bh³ta½ nappaj±n±t²”ti-±di (sa½. ni. 3.85). J±tijar±dimah±byasananibbattanena abhisaªkh±rova m±roti abhisaªkh±ram±ro. Sa½kilesanimitta½ hutv± guºam±raºaµµhena devaputtova m±roti devaputtam±ro. Satt±na½ j²vitassa, j²vitaparikkh±r±nañca j±nikaraºena mah±b±dhar³patt± maccu eva m±roti maccum±ro.
Satapuññalakkhaºadharass±ti anekasatapuññanibbattamah±purisalakkhaºavahato r³pak±yasampatti d²pit± hoti, itar±sa½ phalasampad±na½ m³labh±vato, adhiµµh±nabh±vato ca. Dhammak±yasampatti d²pit± hoti, pah±nasampad±pubbakatt± ñ±ºasampad±d²na½. Bh±gyavat±ya lokiy±na½ bahumatabh±vo. Bhaggadosat±ya parikkhak±na½ bahumatabh±voti yojan±. Eva½ ito paresupi yath±saªkhya½ yojetabba½. Puññavanta½ hi gahaµµh± khattiy±dayo abhigacchanti, pah²nadosa½ pabbajitat±pasaparibb±jak±dayo “dosavinay±ya dhamma½ deset²”ti. Abhigat±nañca nesa½ k±yacittadukkh±panayane paµibalabh±vo, ±misad±nadhammad±nehi upak±rasabbh±vato. R³pak±ya½ tassa pas±dacakkhun±, dhammak±ya½ paññ±cakkhun± disv± dukkhadvayassa paµippassambhanato upagat±nañca tesa½ ±misad±nadhammad±nehi upak±rit±, “pubbe ±misad±nadhammad±nehi may± aya½ lokaggabh±vo adhigato, tasm± tumhehipi evameva paµipajjitabban”ti eva½ samm±paµipattiya½ niyojanena abhigat±na½ lokiyalokuttarasukhehi sa½yojanasamatthat± ca d²pit± hoti.