Namo tassa bhagavato arahato samm±sambuddhassa.
Visuddhimaggo
(Paµhamo bh±go)
Nid±n±dikath±
1. S²le patiµµh±ya naro sapañño, citta½ paññañca bh±vaya½;
±t±p² nipako bhikkhu, so ima½ vijaµaye jaµanti. (Sa½. ni. 1.23).
Iti hida½ vutta½, kasm± paneta½ vutta½, bhagavanta½ kira s±vatthiya½ viharanta½ rattibh±ge aññataro devaputto upasaªkamitv± attano sa½sayasamuggh±µattha½–
Antojaµ± bahijaµ±, jaµ±ya jaµit± paj±;
ta½ ta½ gotama pucch±mi, ko ima½ vijaµaye jaµanti. (Sa½. ni. 1.23)–
Ima½ pañha½ pucchi. Tass±ya½ saªkhepattho– jaµ±ti taºh±ya j±liniy± eta½ adhivacana½. S± hi r³p±d²su ±rammaºesu heµµhupariyavasena punappuna½ uppajjanato sa½sibbanaµµhena ve¼ugumb±d²na½ s±kh±j±lasaªkh±t± jaµ± viy±ti jaµ±, s± panes± sakaparikkh±raparaparikkh±resu saka-attabh±vapara-attabh±vesu ajjhattik±yatanab±hir±yatanesu ca uppajjanato antojaµ± bahijaµ±ti vuccati. T±ya eva½ uppajjam±n±ya jaµ±ya jaµit± paj±. Yath± n±ma ve¼ugumbajaµ±d²hi ve¼u-±dayo, eva½ t±ya taºh±jaµ±ya sabb±pi aya½ sattanik±yasaªkh±t± paj± jaµit± vinaddh±, sa½sibbit±ti attho. Yasm± ca eva½ jaµit±. Ta½ ta½ gotama pucch±m²ti tasm± ta½ pucch±mi. Gotam±ti bhagavanta½ gottena ±lapati. Ko ima½ vijaµaye jaµanti ima½ eva½ tedh±tuka½ jaµetv± µhita½ jaµa½ ko vijaµeyya, vijaµetu½ ko samatthoti pucchati. Eva½ puµµho panassa sabbadhammesu appaµihatañ±ºac±ro devadevo sakk±na½ atisakko brahm±na½ atibrahm± catuves±rajjavis±rado dasabaladharo an±varaºañ±ºo samantacakkhu bhagav± tamattha½ vissajjento–
S²le patiµµh±ya naro sapañño, citta½ paññañca bh±vaya½;
±t±p² nipako bhikkhu, so ima½ vijaµaye jaµanti.–
Ima½ g±tham±ha.
2. Imiss± d±ni g±th±ya, kathit±ya mahesin±;
vaººayanto yath±bh³ta½, attha½ s²l±dibhedana½.
Sudullabha½ labhitv±na, pabbajja½ jinas±sane;
s²l±disaªgaha½ khema½, uju½ magga½ visuddhiy±.
Yath±bh³ta½ aj±nant±, suddhik±m±pi ye idha;
visuddhi½ n±dhigacchanti, v±yamant±pi yogino.
Tesa½ p±mojjakaraºa½, suvisuddhavinicchaya½;
mah±vih±rav±s²na½, desan±nayanissita½.
Visuddhimagga½ bh±sissa½, ta½ me sakkacca bh±sato;
visuddhik±m± sabbepi, nis±mayatha s±dhavoti.
3. Tattha visuddh²ti sabbamalavirahita½ accantaparisuddha½ nibb±na½ veditabba½. Tass± visuddhiy± maggoti visuddhimaggo. Maggoti adhigam³p±yo vuccati. Ta½ visuddhimagga½ bh±siss±m²ti attho. So pan±ya½ visuddhimaggo katthaci vipassan±mattavaseneva desito. Yath±ha–
“Sabbe saªkh±r± anicc±ti, yad± paññ±ya passati;
atha nibbindati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiy±”ti. (Dha. pa. 277).
Katthaci jh±napaññ±vasena. Yath±ha–
“Yamhi jh±nañca paññ± ca, sa ve nibb±nasantike”ti. (Dha. pa. 372).
Katthaci kamm±divasena. Yath±ha–
“Kamma½ vijj± ca dhammo ca, s²la½ j²vitamuttama½;
etena macc± sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena v±”ti. (Ma. ni. 3.387; sa½. ni. 1.48).
Katthaci s²l±divasena. Yath±ha–
“Sabbad± s²lasampanno, paññav± susam±hito;
±raddhav²riyo pahitatto, ogha½ tarati duttaran”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.96).
Katthaci satipaµµh±n±divasena. Yath±ha– “Ek±yano aya½, bhikkhave, maggo satt±na½ visuddhiy±…pe… nibb±nassa sacchikiriy±ya, yadida½ catt±ro satipaµµh±n±”ti (d². ni. 2.373). Sammappadh±n±d²supi eseva nayo. Imasmi½ pana pañh±by±karaºe s²l±divasena desito. 4. Tatr±ya½ saªkhepavaººan±– s²le patiµµh±y±ti s²le µhatv±, s²la½ parip³rayam±noyeva cettha s²le µhitoti vuccati. Tasm± s²laparip³raºena s²le patiµµhahitv±ti ayamettha attho. Naroti satto. Sapaññoti kammajatihetukapaµisandhipaññ±ya paññav±. Citta½ paññañca bh±vayanti sam±dhiñceva vipassanañca bh±vayam±no, cittas²sena hettha sam±dhi niddiµµho. Paññ±n±mena ca vipassan±ti. ¾t±p²ti v²riyav±. V²riyañhi kiles±na½ ±t±panaparit±panaµµhena ±t±poti vuccati. Tadassa atth²ti ±t±p². Nipakoti nepakka½ vuccati paññ±, t±ya samann±gatoti attho. Imin± padena p±rih±rikapañña½ dasseti. Imasmiñhi pañh±by±karaºe tikkhattu½ paññ± ±gat±. Tattha paµham± j±tipaññ±, dutiy± vipassan±paññ±, tatiy± sabbakiccapariº±yik± p±rih±rikapaññ±. Sa½s±re bhaya½ ikkhat²ti bhikkhu. So ima½ vijaµaye jaµanti so imin± ca s²lena imin± ca cittas²sena niddiµµhasam±dhin± im±ya ca tividh±ya paññ±ya imin± ca ±t±pen±ti chahi dhammehi samann±gato bhikkhu. Seyyath±pi n±ma puriso pathaviya½ patiµµh±ya sunisita½ sattha½ ukkhipitv± mahanta½ ve¼ugumba½ vijaµeyya, evameva s²lapathaviya½ patiµµh±ya sam±dhisil±ya½ sunisita½ vipassan±paññ±sattha½ v²riyabalapaggahitena p±rih±rikapaññ±hatthena ukkhipitv± sabbampi ta½ attano sant±ne patita½ taºh±jaµa½ vijaµeyya sañchindeyya sampad±leyya. Maggakkhaºe panesa ta½ jaµa½ vijaµeti n±ma. Phalakkhaºe vijaµitajaµo sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiºeyyo hoti. Ten±ha bhagav±–
“S²le patiµµh±ya naro sapañño, citta½ paññañca bh±vaya½;
±t±p² nipako bhikkhu, so ima½ vijaµaye jaµan”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.23).
5. Tatr±ya½ y±ya paññ±ya sapaññoti vutto, tatr±ssa karaº²ya½ natthi. Purimakamm±nubh±veneva hissa s± siddh±. ¾t±p² nipakoti ettha vuttav²riyavasena pana tena s±taccak±rin± paññ±vasena ca sampaj±nak±rin± hutv± s²le patiµµh±ya cittapaññ±vasena vutt± samathavipassan± bh±vetabb±ti imamatra bhagav± s²lasam±dhipaññ±mukhena visuddhimagga½ dasseti. Ett±vat± hi tisso sikkh±, tividhakaly±ºa½ s±sana½, tevijjat±d²na½ upanissayo, antadvayavajjanamajjhimapaµipattisevan±ni, ap±y±disamatikkamanup±yo, t²h±k±rehi kilesappah±na½, v²tikkam±d²na½ paµipakkho, sa½kilesattayavisodhana½, sot±pann±dibh±vassa ca k±raºa½ pak±sita½ hoti. Katha½? Ettha hi s²lena adhis²lasikkh± pak±sit± hoti, sam±dhin± adhicittasikkh±, paññ±ya adhipaññ±sikkh±. S²lena ca s±sanassa ±dikaly±ºat± pak±sit± hoti. “Ko c±di kusal±na½ dhamm±na½, s²lañca suvisuddhan”ti (sa½. ni. 5.369) hi vacanato, “sabbap±passa akaraºan”ti (d². ni. 2.90) ±divacanato ca s²la½ s±sanassa ±di, tañca kaly±ºa½, avippaµis±r±diguº±vahatt±. Sam±dhin± majjhekaly±ºat± pak±sit± hoti. “Kusalassa upasampad±”ti (d². ni. 2.90) ±divacanato hi sam±dhi s±sanassa majjhe, so ca kaly±ºo, iddhividh±diguº±vahatt±. Paññ±ya s±sanassa pariyos±nakaly±ºat± pak±sit± hoti. “Sacittapariyod±pana½, eta½ buddh±na s±sanan”ti (d². ni. 2.90) hi vacanato, paññuttarato ca paññ± s±sanassa pariyos±na½, s± ca kaly±ºa½, iµµh±niµµhesu t±dibh±v±vahanato.
“Selo yath± ekaghano, v±tena na sam²rati;
eva½ nind±pasa½s±su, na samiñjanti paº¹it±”ti. (Dha. pa. 81).–
Hi vutta½.
Tath± s²lena tevijjat±ya upanissayo pak±sito hoti. S²lasampattiñhi niss±ya tisso vijj± p±puº±ti, na tato para½. Sam±dhin± cha¼abhiññat±ya upanissayo pak±sito hoti. Sam±dhisampadañhi niss±ya cha abhiññ± p±puº±ti, na tato para½. Paññ±ya paµisambhid±pabhedassa upanissayo pak±sito hoti. Paññ±sampattiñhi niss±ya catasso paµisambhid± p±puº±ti, na aññena k±raºena. S²lena ca k±masukhallik±nuyogasaªkh±tassa antassa vajjana½ pak±sita½ hoti, sam±dhin± attakilamath±nuyogasaªkh±tassa. Paññ±ya majjhim±ya paµipattiy± sevana½ pak±sita½ hoti. Tath± s²lena ap±yasamatikkamanup±yo pak±sito hoti, sam±dhin± k±madh±tusamatikkamanup±yo, paññ±ya sabbabhavasamatikkamanup±yo. S²lena ca tadaªgappah±navasena kilesappah±na½ pak±sita½ hoti, sam±dhin± vikkhambhanappah±navasena, paññ±ya samucchedappah±navasena. Tath± s²lena kiles±na½ v²tikkamapaµipakkho pak±sito hoti, sam±dhin± pariyuµµh±napaµipakkho, paññ±ya anusayapaµipakkho. S²lena ca duccaritasa½kilesavisodhana½ pak±sita½ hoti, sam±dhin± taºh±sa½kilesavisodhana½, paññ±ya diµµhisa½kilesavisodhana½. Tath± s²lena sot±pannasakad±g±mibh±vassa k±raºa½ pak±sita½ hoti, sam±dhin± an±g±mibh±vassa, paññ±ya arahattassa. Sot±panno hi “s²lesu parip³rak±r²”ti (a. ni. 3.87) vutto, tath± sakad±g±m². An±g±m² pana “sam±dhismi½ parip³rak±r²”ti (a. ni. 3.87). Arah± pana “paññ±ya parip³rak±r²”ti (a. ni. 3.87). Eva½ ett±vat± tisso sikkh±, tividhakaly±ºa½ s±sana½, tevijjat±d²na½ upanissayo, antadvayavajjanamajjhimapaµipattisevan±ni, ap±y±disamatikkamanup±yo, t²h±k±rehi kilesappah±na½, v²tikkam±d²na½ paµipakkho, sa½kilesattayavisodhana½, sot±pann±dibh±vassa ca k±raºanti ime nava, aññe ca evar³p± guºattik± pak±sit± hont²ti.