Padasodhanakath±vaººan±
295. Yo at²tasadd±bhidheyyo attho, so atthisadd±bhidheyyoti dvepi sam±n±dhikaraºatth±ti katv± vutta½ “at²ta-atthisadd±na½ ekatthatt±”ti, na, at²tasadd±bhidheyyasseva atthisadd±bhidheyyatt±. Ten±ha “atthisaddatthassa ca nv±t²tabh±vato”ti. Tena ki½ siddhanti ±ha “at²ta½ nv±t²ta½, nv±t²tañca at²ta½ hot²”ti. Ida½ vutta½ hoti– yadi tava matena at²ta½ atthi, atthi ca nv±t²tanti at²tañca no at²ta½ siy±, tath± atthi no at²ta½ at²tañca no at²ta½ at²ta½ siy±ti, yath± “at²ta½ atth²”ti ettha at²tameva atth²ti n±ya½ niyamo gahetabbo anat²tassapi atthibh±vassa icchitatt±. Tenev±ha “atthi siy± at²ta½, siy± nv±t²tan”ti. Yena hi ±k±rena at²tassa atthibh±vo parav±din± icchito, ten±k±rena anat²tassa an±gatassa paccuppannassa ca so icchito. Kena pana ±k±rena icchitoti Saªkhat±k±rena. Tena vutta½ “ten±t²ta½ nv±t²ta½, nv±t²ta½ at²tan”ti. Tasm± at²ta½ atthiyev±ti evamettha niyamo gahetabbo. Atthibh±ve hi at²ta½ niyamita½, na at²te atthibh±vo niyamito, “na pana nibb±na½ atth²”ti ettha pana nibb±nameva atth²ti ayampi niyamo sambhavat²ti so eva gahetabbo. Yadipi hi nibb±na½ paramatthato atthibh±va½ up±d±ya uttarapad±vadh±raºa½ labbhati tadaññassapi abh±vato, tath±pi asaªkhat±k±rena aññassa anupalabbhanato tath± nibb±nameva atth²ti purimapad±vadh±raºe atthe gayham±ne “atthi siy± nibb±na½, siy± no nibb±nan”ti codan± anok±s±. At²t±d²su pana purimapad±vadh±raºa½ parav±din± na gahitanti natthettha atippasaªgo. Aggahaºañcassa p±¼ito eva viññ±yati. Evamettha at²t±d²na½ atthita½ vadantassa parav±dissev±ya½ iµµhavigh±tados±patti, na pana nibb±nassa atthita½ vadantassa sakav±diss±ti. Paµip±dan± patiµµh±pan± veditabb±. Etth±ha “at²ta½ atth²”ti-±din± ki½ pan±ya½ at²t±n±gat±na½ paramatthato atthibh±vo adhippeto, ud±hu na paramatthato. Kiñcettha– yadi t±va paramatthato, sabbak±la½ atthibh±vato saªkh±r±na½ sassatabh±vo ±pajjati, na ca ta½ yutta½ ±gamavirodhato yuttivirodhato ca. Atha na paramatthato, “sabbamatth²”ti-±dik± codan± niratthik± siy±, na niratthik±. So hi parav±d² “ya½ kiñci r³pa½ at²t±n±gatan”ti-±din± at²t±n±gat±nampi khandhabh±vassa vuttatt± asati ca at²te kusal±kusalassa kammassa ±yati½ phala½ katha½ bhaveyya, tattha ca pubbeniv±sañ±º±di an±gate ca an±gata½sañ±º±di katha½ pavatteyya, tasm± attheva paramatthato at²t±n±gatanti ya½ paµij±n±ti, ta½ sandh±ya aya½ kat±ti. Ekantena ceta½ sampaµicchitabba½. Yepi “sabba½ atth²”ti vadanti at²ta½ an±gata½ paccuppannañca, te sabbatthiv±d±ti. Catubbidh± cete te sabbatthiv±d±. Tattha keci bh±vaññattik±. Te hi “yath± suvaººabh±janassa bhinditv± aññath± kariyam±nassa saºµh±nasseva aññathatta½, na vaºº±d²na½, yath± ca kh²ra½ dadhibh±vena pariºamanta½ rasav²riyavip±ke pariccajati, na vaººa½, eva½ dhamm±pi an±gataddhuno paccuppannaddha½ saªkamant± an±gatabh±vameva jahanti, na attano sabh±va½. Tath± paccuppannaddhuno at²taddha½ saªkame”ti vadanti. Keci lakkhaºaññattik±, te pana “t²su addh±su pavattam±no dhammo at²to at²talakkhaºayutto, itaralakkhaºehi ayutto. Tath± an±gato paccuppanno ca. Yath± puriso ekiss± itthiy± ratto aññ±su aratto”ti vadanti. Aññe avatthaññattik±, te “t²su addh±su pavattam±no dhammo ta½ ta½ avattha½ patv± añño añña½ niddis²yati avatthantarato, na sabh±vato. Yath± eka½ akkha½ ekaªge nikkhitta½ ekanti vuccati, sataªge satanti, sahassaªge sahassanti, eva½sampadamidan”ti. Apare aññathaññattik±, te pana “t²su addh±su pavattam±no dhammo ta½ ta½ apekkhitv± tadaññasabh±vena vuccati. Yath± ta½ ek± itth² m±t±ti ca vuccati dh²t±”ti ca. Evamete catt±ro sabbatthiv±d±. Tesu paµhamo pariº±mav±dit±ya k±pilapakkhikesu pakkhipitabboti. Dutiyassapi k±lasaªkaro ±pajjati sabbassa sabbalakkhaºayogato. Catutthassapi saªkarova. Ekasseva dhammassa pavattikkhaºe tayopi k±l± samodh±na½ gacchanti. Purimapacchimakkhaº± hi at²t±n±gat±, majjhimo paccuppannoti. Tatiyassa pana avatthaññattikassa natthi saªkaro dhammakiccena k±lavavatth±nato. Dhammo hi sakiccakkhaºe paccuppanno, tato pubbe an±gato, pacch± at²toti. Tattha yadi at²tampi dharam±nasabh±vat±ya atthi an±gatampi, kasm± ta½ at²tanti vuccati an±gatanti v±, nanu vutta½ “dhammakiccena k±lavavatth±nato”ti. Yadi eva½ paccuppannassa cakkhussa ki½ kicca½, anavasesapaccayasamav±ye phalupp±dana½. Eva½ sati an±gatassapi cassa tena bhavitabba½ atthibh±vatoti lakkhaºasaªkaro siy±. Idañcettha vattabba½, teneva sabh±vena sato dhammassa kicca½, kiccakaraºe ko vibandho, yena kad±ci karoti kad±ci na karoti paccayasamav±yabh±vato, kiccassa samav±y±bh±vatoti ce? Ta½ na, nicca½ atthibh±vassa icchitatt±. Tato eva ca addhuna½ avavatth±na½. Dhammo hi teneva sabh±vena vijjam±no kasm± kad±ci at²toti vuccati kad±ci an±gatoti k±lassa vavatth±na½ na siy±. Yo hi dhammo aj±to, so an±gato. Yo j±to na ca niruddho, so paccuppanno. Yo niruddho, so at²to. Idamevettha vattabba½. Yadi yath± vattam±na½ atthi tath± at²ta½ an±gatañca atthi, tassa tath± sato aj±tat± niruddhat± ca kena hot²ti. Teneva hi sabh±vena sato dhammassa kathamida½ sijjhati aj±toti v± niruddhoti v±. Ki½ tassa pubbe n±hosi, yassa abh±vato aj±toti vuccati, kiñca pacch± natthi, yassa abh±vato niruddhoti vuccati. Tasm± sabbath±pi addhattaya½ na sijjhati, yadi ahutv± saªgati hutv± ca vinassat²ti na sampaµicchanti. Ya½ pana vutta½ “saªkhatalakkhaºayogato na sassatabh±vappasaªgo”ti, tayida½ kevala½ v±c±vatthumatta½ udayavay±sambhavato, atthi ca n±ma sabbad± so dhammo, na ca niccoti kutoya½ v±c±yutti.
Sabh±vo sabbad± atthi, nicco dhammo na vuccati;
dhammo sabh±vato n±ñño, aho dhammesu kosala½.
Yañca vutta½ “ya½ kiñci r³pa½ at²t±n±gatan”ti-±din± at²t±n±gat±na½ khandhabh±vassa vuttatt± atthev±ti, vad±ma. At²ta½ bh³tapubba½, an±gata½ ya½ sati paccaye bhavissati, tadubhayassapi ruppan±disabh±v±n±tivattanato r³pakkhandh±dibh±vo vutto. Yath±dhammasabh±v±n±tivattanato at²t± dhamm± an±gat± dhamm±ti, na dharam±nasabh±vat±ya. Ko ca evam±ha “paccuppanna½ viya ta½ atth²”ti. Katha½ paneta½ atth²ti? At²t±n±gatasabh±vena. Ida½ pana taveva upaµµhita½, katha½ ta½ at²ta½ an±gatañca vuccati, yadi niccak±la½ atth²ti. Ya½ pana “na t±va k±la½ karoti, y±va na ta½ p±pa½ byant² hot²”ti (ma. ni. 3.250) sutte vutta½, ta½ yasmiñca sant±ne kamma½ kat³pacita½, tattha ten±hita½ ta½phalupp±danasamatthata½ sandh±ya vutta½, na at²tassa kammassa dharam±nasabh±vatt±. Tath± sati sakena bh±vena vijjam±na½ katha½ ta½ at²ta½ n±ma siy±. Itthañceta½ eva½ sampaµicchitabba½, ya½ saªkh±r± ahutv± sambhavanti, hutv± pativenti tesa½ udayato pubbe vayato ca pacch± na k±ci µhiti n±ma atthi, yato at²t±n±gata½ atth²ti vucceyya. Tena vutta½–
“Anidh±nagat± bhagg±, puñjo natthi an±gate;
uppann± yepi tiµµhanti, ±ragge s±sap³pam±”ti. (Mah±ni. 10, 39).
Yadi c±n±gata½ paramatthato siy±, ahutv± sambhavant²ti vattu½ na sakk±. Paccuppannak±le ahutv± sambhavant²ti ce? Na, dhammappavattimattatt± k±lassa. Atha attano sabh±vena ahutv± sambhavant²ti, siddhameta½ an±gata½ paramatthato natth²ti. Yañca vutta½ “asati at²te kusal±kusalassa kammassa ±yati½ phala½ katha½ bhaveyy±”ti, na kho panettha at²takammato phaluppatti icchit±, atha kho tassa katatt± tad±hitavisesato sant±nato. Vuttañheta½ bhagavat± “k±m±vacarassa kusalassa kammassa katatt± upacitatt± vip±ka½ cakkhuviññ±ºa½ uppanna½ hot²”ti (dha. sa. 431). Yassa pana at²t±n±gata½ paramatthato atthi, tassa phala½ niccameva atth²ti ki½ tattha kammassa s±matthiya½. Upp±dane ce, siddhamida½ ahutv± bhavat²ti. Ya½ pana vutta½ “asati at²t±n±gate katha½ tattha ñ±ºa½ pavatteyy±”ti, yath± ta½ ±lambaºa½, ta½ tath± atthi, kathañca ta½ ±lambaºa½, ahosi bhavissati c±ti. Na hi koci at²ta½ anussaranto atth²ti anussarati, atha kho ahos²ti. Yath± pana vattam±na½ ±rammaºa½ anubh³ta½, tath± ta½ at²ta½ anussarati. Yath± ca vattam±na½ bhavissati, tath± buddh±d²hi gayhati. Yadi ca ta½ tatheva atthi, vattam±nameva ta½ siy±. Atha natthi, siddha½ “asanta½ ñ±ºassa ±rammaºa½ hot²”ti. Vijjam±na½ v± hi cittasaññ±ta½ avijjam±na½ v± ±rammaºa½ etesa½ atth²ti ±rammaº±, cittacetasik±, na vijjam±na½yeva ±rabbha pavattanato, tasm± paccuppannameva dharam±nasabh±va½ na at²t±n±gatanti na tiµµhati sabbatthiv±do. Keci pana “na at²t±d²na½ atthit±paµiññ±ya sabbatthiv±d±, atha kho ±yatanasabbassa atthit±paµiññ±y±”ti vadanti, tesa½ matena sabbeva s±sanik± sabbatthiv±d± siyunti.
Padasodhanakath±vaººan± niµµhit±.
Sabbamatth²tikath±vaººan± niµµhit±.