Nid±nakath±

Yamakap±µih²r±vas±nasmiñhi bhagav± tidasapure p±ricchattakam³le paº¹ukambalasil±ya½ vassa½ upagantv± m±tara½ k±yasakkhi½ katv± devaparis±ya abhidhammakatha½ kathento dhammasaªgaº²vibhaªgadh±tukath±puggalapaññattippakaraº±ni desayitv± kath±vatthudesan±ya v±re sampatte “an±gate mama s±vako mah±pañño moggaliputtatissatthero n±ma uppanna½ s±sanamala½ sodhetv± tatiyasaªg²ti½ karonto bhikkhusaªghassa majjhe nisinno sakav±de pañca suttasat±ni parav±de pañc±ti suttasahassa½ samodh±netv± ima½ pakaraºa½ bh±jessat²”ti tassok±sa½ karonto y± ces± puggalav±de t±va cat³su pañhesu dvinna½ pañcak±na½ vasena aµµhamukh± v±dayutti, ta½ ±di½ katv± sabbakath±maggesu asampuººabh±ºav±ramatt±ya tantiy± m±tika½ µhapesi. Ath±vasesa½ abhidhammakatha½ vitth±ranayeneva kathetv± vutthavasso suvaººarajatasop±namajjhe maºimayena sop±nena devalokato saªkassanagare oruyha sattahita½ samp±dento y±vat±yuka½ µhatv± anup±dises±ya nibb±nadh±tuy± parinibb±yi.

Athassa mah±kassapappamukho vas²gaºo aj±tasattur±j±na½ sah±ya½ gahetv± dhammavinayasar²ra½ saªgaha½ ±ropesi. Tato vassasatassa accayena vajjiputtak± bhikkh³ dasa vatth³ni d²payi½su. T±ni sutv± k±kaº¹akassa br±hmaºassa putto yasatthero susun±gaputta½ k±l±soka½ n±ma r±j±na½ sah±ya½ gahetv± dv±dasanna½ bhikkhusatasahass±na½ antare sattatherasat±ni uccinitv± t±ni dasavatth³ni madditv± dhammavinayasar²ra½ saªgaha½ ±ropesi.

Tehi pana dhammasaªg±hakattherehi niggahit± dasasahass± vajjiputtak± bhikkh³ pakkha½ pariyesam±n± attano anur³pa½ dubbalapakkha½ labhitv± visu½ mah±saªghik±cariyakula½ n±ma aka½su Tato bhijjitv± apar±ni dve ±cariyakul±ni j±t±ni– gokulik± ca ekabyoh±rik± ca. Gokulikanik±yato bhijjitv± apar±ni dve ±cariyakul±ni j±t±ni– paººattiv±d± ca b±huliy± ca. Bahussutik±tipi tesa½yeva n±ma½. Tesa½yeva antare cetiyav±d± n±ma apare ±cariyav±d± uppann±. Eva½ mah±saªghik±cariyakulato dutiye vassasate pañc±cariyakul±ni uppann±ni. T±ni mah±saªghikehi saddhi½ cha honti.

Tasmi½yeva dutiye vassasate therav±dato bhijjitv± dve ±cariyav±d± uppann±– mahis±sak± ca vajjiputtak± ca. Tattha vajjiputtakav±dato bhijjitv± apare catt±ro ±cariyav±d± uppann±– dhammuttariy±, bhadray±nik±, chann±g±rik±, samitiy±ti. Puna tasmi½yeva dutiye vassasate mahis±sakav±dato bhijjitv± sabbatthiv±d± dhammaguttik±ti dve ±cariyav±d± uppann±. Puna sabbatthiv±dakulato bhijjitv± kassapik± n±ma j±t±. Kassapikesu bhinnesu apare saªkantik± n±ma j±t±. Saªkantikesu bhinnesu suttav±d± n±ma j±t±ti therav±dato bhijjitv± ime ek±dasa ±cariyav±d± uppann±. Te therav±dehi saddhi½ dv±dasa honti. Iti ime ca dv±dasa, mah±saªghik±nañca cha ±cariyav±d±ti sabbeva aµµh±rasa ±cariyav±d± dutiye vassasate uppann±. Aµµh±rasa nik±y±tipi, aµµh±ras±cariyakul±n²tipi etesa½yeva n±ma½. Etesu pana sattarasa v±d± bhinnak±, therav±do asambhinnakoti veditabbo. Vuttampi ceta½ d²pava½se–

“Nikka¹¹hit± p±pabhikkh³, therehi vajjiputtak±;
añña½ pakkha½ labhitv±na, adhammav±d² bah³ jan±.
“Dasasahass± sam±gantv±, aka½su dhammasaªgaha½;
tasm±ya½ dhammasaªg²ti, mah±saªg²ti vuccati.
“Mah±saªg²tik± bhikkh³, viloma½ aka½su s±sane;
bhinditv± m³lasaªgaha½, añña½ aka½su saªgaha½.
“Aññatra saªgahit± sutta½, aññatra akari½su te;
attha½ dhammañca bhindi½su, vinaye nik±yesu ca pañcasu.
“Pariy±yadesitañc±pi, atho nippariy±yadesita½;
n²tatthañceva neyyattha½, aj±nitv±na bhikkhavo.
“Añña½ sandh±ya bhaºita½, añña½ attha½ µhapayi½su te;
byañjanacch±y±ya te bhikkh³, bahu½ attha½ vin±sayu½.
“Cha¹¹etv±na ekadesa½, sutta½ vinayagambh²ra½;
patir³pa½ sutta½ vinaya½, tañca añña½ kari½su te.
“Pariv±ra½ atthuddh±ra½, abhidhamma½ chappakaraºa½;
paµisambhidañca niddesa½, ekadesañca j±taka½.
“Ettaka½ vissajjitv±na, aññ±ni akari½su te;
n±ma½ liªga½ parikkh±ra½, ±kappakaraº±ni ca.
“Pakatibh±va½ jahitv±, tañca añña½ aka½su te;
pubbaªgam± bhinnav±d±, mah±saªg²tik±rak±.
“Tesañca anuk±rena, bhinnav±d± bah³ ahu;
tato aparak±lamhi, tasmi½ bhedo aj±yatha.
“Gokulik± ekabyoh±ri, dvidh± bhijjittha bhikkhavo;
gokulik±na½ dve bhed±, aparak±lamhi j±yatha.
“Bahussutik± ca paññatti, dvidh± bhijjittha bhikkhavo;
cetiy± ca punav±d², mah±saªg²tibhedak±.
“Pañcav±d± ime sabbe, mah±saªg²tim³lak±;
attha½ dhammañca bhindi½su, ekadesañca saªgaha½.
“Ganthañca ekadesañhi, cha¹¹etv± añña½ aka½su te;
n±ma½ liªga½ parikkh±ra½, ±kappakaraº±ni ca.
“Pakatibh±va½ jahitv±, tañca añña½ aka½su te;
visuddhattherav±damhi, puna bhedo aj±yatha.
“Mahis±sak± vajjiputtak±, dvidh± bhijjittha bhikkhavo;
vajjiputtakav±damhi, catudh± bhedo aj±yatha.
“Dhammuttarik± bhadday±nik±, chann±g±rik± ca samiti;
mahis±sak±na½ dve bhed±, aparak±lamhi aj±yatha.
“Sabbatthiv±d± dhammagutt±, dvidh± bhijjittha bhikkhavo;
sabbatthiv±d±na½ kassapik±, saªkantikassapikena ca.
“Saªkantik±na½ suttav±d², anupubbena bhijjatha;
ime ek±dasa v±d±, sambhinn± therav±dato.
“Attha½ dhammañca bhindi½su, ekadesañca saªgaha½;
ganthañca ekadesañhi, cha¹¹etv± añña½ aka½su te.
“N±ma½ liªga½ parikkh±ra½, ±kappakaraº±ni ca;
pakatibh±va½ jahitv±, tañca añña½ aka½su te.
“Sattarasa bhinnav±d±, ekav±do abhinnako;
sabbevaµµh±rasa honti, bhinnav±dena te saha.
“Nigrodhova mah±rukkho, thera v±d±namuttamo;
an³na½ anadhikañca, kevala½ jinas±sana½.
“Santak± viya rukkhamhi, nibbatt± v±dasesak±;
paµhame vassasate natthi, dutiye vassasatantare;
bhinn± sattarasa v±d±, uppann± jinas±sane”ti.

Apar±para½ pana hemavatik±, r±jagirik±, siddhatthik±, pubbaseliy±, aparaseliy±, v±jiriy±ti aññepi cha ±cariyav±d± uppann±. Te idha anadhippet±. Purimak±na½ pana aµµh±rasanna½ ±cariyav±d±na½ vasena pavattam±ne s±sane paµiladdhasaddho asoko dhammar±j± divase divase buddhap³j±ya satasahassa½, dhammap³j±ya satasahassa½, saªghap³j±ya satasahassa½, attano ±cariyassa nigrodhattherassa satasahassa½, cat³su dv±resu bhesajjatth±ya satasahassanti pañcasatasahass±ni pariccajanto s±sane u¼±ra½ l±bhasakk±ra½ pavattesi.

Titthiy± hatal±bhasakk±r± antamaso gh±sacch±danamattampi alabhant± l±bhasakk±ra½ patthayam±n± bhikkh³su pabbajitv± sak±ni sak±ni diµµhigat±ni– “aya½ dhammo, aya½ vinayo, ida½ satthus±sanan”ti d²penti. Pabbajja½ alabham±n±pi sayameva kese chinditv± k±s±y±ni vatth±ni acch±detv± vih±resu vicarant± uposathakamm±dikaraºak±le saªghamajjha½ pavisanti. Te bhikkhusaªghena dhammena vinayena satthus±sanena niggayham±n±pi dhammavinay±nulom±ya paµipattiy± asaºµhahant± anekar³pa½ s±sanassa abbudañca malañca kaºµakañca samuµµh±penti. Keci aggi½ paricaranti, keci pañc±tape tapanti, keci ±dicca½ anuparivattanti, keci “dhammañca vinayañca vobhindiss±m±”ti tath± tath± paggaºhi½su. Tad± bhikkhusaªgho na tehi saddhi½ uposatha½ v± pav±raºa½ v± ak±si. Asok±r±me satta vass±ni uposatho upacchijji.

R±j± “±º±ya k±ress±m²”ti v±yamantopi k±retu½ n±sakkhi, aññadatthu duggahitag±hin± b±lena amaccena anekesu bhikkh³su j²vit± voropitesu vippaµis±r² ahosi. So tañca vippaµis±ra½ tañca s±sane uppanna½ abbuda½ v³pasametuk±mo “ko nu kho imasmi½ atthe paµibalo”ti saªgha½ pucchitv± “moggaliputtatissatthero, mah±r±j±”ti sutv± saªghassa vacanena ahogaªg±pabbatato thera½ pakkos±petv± iddhip±µih±riyadassanena therassa ±nubh±ve nibbicikiccho attano kukkucca½ pucchitv± vippaµis±ra½ v³pasamesi. Theropi ta½ r±juyy±neyeva vasanto satta divas±ni samaya½ uggaºh±pesi. So uggahitasamayo sattame divase asok±r±me bhikkhusaªgha½ sannip±t±petv± s±ºip±k±ra½ parikkhip±petv± s±ºip±k±rantare nisinno ekaladdhike ekaladdhike bhikkh³ ekato ekato k±retv± ekameka½ bhikkhusam³ha½ pakkos±petv± pucchi– “bhante, ki½v±d² samm±sambuddho”ti? Tato sassatav±dino– “sassatav±d²”ti ±ha½su. Ekaccasassatik±, ant±nantik±, amar±vikkhepik±, adhiccasamuppannik±, saññ²v±d±, asaññ²v±d±, nevasaññ²n±saññ²v±d±, ucchedav±d±, diµµhadhammanibb±nav±d±– “diµµhadhammanibb±nav±d²”ti ±ha½su. R±j± paµhamameva samayassa uggahitatt± nayime bhikkh³ aññatitthiy± imeti ñatv± tesa½ setak±ni vatth±ni datv± uppabb±jesi. Te sabbepi saµµhisahass± ahesu½.

Athaññe bhikkh³ pakkos±petv± pucchi– “ki½v±d², bhante, samm±sambuddho”ti? “Vibhajjav±d², mah±r±j±”ti. Eva½ vutte r±j± thera½ pucchi– “vibhajjav±d², bhante, samm±sambuddho”ti? “¾ma, mah±r±j±”ti. Tato r±j± ‘suddha½ d±ni, bhante, s±sana½, karotu bhikkhusaªgho uposathan’ti ±rakkha½ datv± nagara½ p±visi. Samaggo saªgho sannipatitv± uposatha½ ak±si. Tasmi½ sannip±te saµµhibhikkhusatasahass±ni ahesu½. Tasmi½ sam±game moggaliputtatissatthero y±ni ca tad± uppann±ni vatth³ni, y±ni ca ±yati½ uppajjissanti, sabbesampi tesa½ paµib±hanattha½ satth±r± dinnanayavaseneva tath±gatena µhapitam±tika½ vibhajanto sakav±de pañca suttasat±ni parav±de pañc±ti suttasahassa½ ±haritv± ima½ parappav±damathana½ ±yatilakkhaºa½ kath±vatthuppakaraºa½ abh±si.

Tato saµµhisatasahassasaªkhyesu bhikkh³ uccinitv± tipiµakapariyattidhar±na½ pabhinnapaµisambhid±na½ bhikkh³na½ sahassameka½ gahetv± yath± mah±kassapatthero ca yasatthero ca dhammañca vinayañca saªg±yi½su; evameva saªg±yanto s±sanamala½ visodhetv± tatiyasaªg²ti½ ak±si. Tattha abhidhamma½ saªg±yanto ima½ yath±bh±sita½ pakaraºa½ saªgaha½ ±ropesi. Tena vutta½–

“Ya½ puggalakath±d²na½, kath±na½ vatthubh±vato;
kath±vatthuppakaraºa½, saªkhepena adesay².
“M±tik±µhapaneneva, µhapitassa sur±laye;
tassa moggaliputtena, vibhattassa mah²tale.
“Id±ni yasm± sampatto, atthasa½vaººan±kkamo;
tasm± na½ vaººayiss±mi, ta½ suº±tha sam±hit±”ti.

Nid±nakath± niµµhit±.

Mah±vaggo