44. Uposathaniddesavaŗŗan±

411. Suttuddeso saŖghasseva. Ses±nanti dvinna½ tiŗŗa½ v±.
412. Pubbakaraŗe pubbakicce, pattakalle sam±niteti sabbapaµhama½ kattabba½ pubbakaraŗa½. Tadanantara½ kattabba½ pubbakicca½ n±ma. Ettha–
“Sammajjan² pad²po ca, udaka½ ±sanena ca;
uposathassa et±ni, pubbakaraŗanti vuccati.
“Chandap±risuddhi-utukkh±na½, bhikkhugaŗan± ca ov±do;
uposathassa et±ni, pubbakiccanti vuccat²”ti–. (Mah±va. aµµha. 168).

Eva½ aµµhakath±ya½ vuttanayena pubbakaraŗańca pubbakiccańca veditabba½.

“Uposatho y±vatik± ca bhikkh³ kammappatt±,
sabh±g±pattiyo ca na vijjanti;
vajjan²y± ca puggal± tasmi½ na honti,
pattakallanti vuccat²”ti–. (Mah±va. aµµha. 168).

Vuttavasena pattakalle sam±nite, pajjiteti attho. “Pańcime, bhikkhave, p±timokkhuddes±. Nid±na½ uddisitv± avasesa½ sutena s±vetabba½, aya½ paµhamo p±timokkhuddeso. Nid±na½ uddisitv± catt±ri p±r±jik±ni uddisitv± avasesa½ sutena s±vetabba½, aya½ dutiyo p±timokkhuddeso. Nid±na½ uddisitv± catt±ri p±r±jik±ni uddisitv± terasa saŖgh±disese uddisitv± avasesa½ sutena s±vetabba½, aya½ tatiyo p±timokkhuddeso. Nid±na½ uddisitv± catt±ri p±r±jik±ni uddisitv± terasa saŖgh±disese uddisitv± dve aniyate uddisitv± avasesa½ sutena s±vetabba½, aya½ catuttho p±timokkhuddeso. Vitth±reneva pańcamo. Ime kho bhikkhave pańca p±timokkhuddes±”ti (mah±va. 150) vuttatt± so suttuddeso pańcadh± vibh±vitoti attho.

413. Vin±ntar±yanti (mah±va. 150) r±jantar±y±didasavidha½ antar±ya½ vin± saŖkhepenuddeso viniv±rito paµikkhittoti attho. Therov±ti saŖghattherova. Etth±ti pańcasu uddesesu. “Dv²su v± t²su v± visadesu therova issaro”ti aµµhakath±ya½ vuttatt± avattantepi antar±ye sa½khittena uddisitu½ vaµµat²ti adhipp±yo. Kattha vuttanti ce? “Yo tattha bhikkhu byatto paµibalo, tass±dheyyan”ti (mah±va. 155) vuttap±¼iy± aµµhakath±ya½ “yo tattha bhikkhu byatto paµibaloti ettha kińc±pi daharass±pi byattassa p±timokkho anuńń±to, atha kho ettha ayamadhipp±yo– sace saŖghattherassa pańca v± catt±ro v± tayo v± p±timokkhuddes± n±gacchanti, dve pana akhaŗ¹± suvisad± v±cuggat± honti, ther±yattova p±timokkho. Sace pana ettakampi visada½ k±tu½ na sakkoti, byattassa bhikkhuno ±yattova hot²”ti attho vutto. P±¼iyampi vuttameva “tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkh³hi eko bhikkhu s±mant± ±v±s± sajjuka½ p±hetabbo ‘gaccha, ±vuso, sa½khittena v± vitth±rena v± p±timokkha½ pariy±puŗitv± ±gacch±”’ti (mah±va. 163).
414. Uddisante v±ti (mah±va. 172) p±timokkhe uddisiyam±ne sam± v± thokatar± v± yadi ±gaccheyyu½, uddiµµha½ su-uddiµµha½, tehi saddhi½ nis²ditv± avasesaka½ sotabbanti attho.
415. Uddiµµhamatte (mah±va. 172) v± sakal±ya v± ekacc±ya v± paris±ya vuµµhit±ya sam± v± thokatar± v± yadi ±gaccheyyunti sambandho. P±risuddhinti p±risuddhi-uposatha½. Kareyyesanti kareyya esa½, etesa½ santiketi attho. Bahuk±tha ceti atha bahuk± ce, puna ±gat± bahuk± ceti attho . “Uddissam±ne, uddiµµhamatte ekacc±ya vuµµhit±ya sakal±ya vuµµhit±y±”ti (mah±va. 172) ±gatesu sabbavikappesu pubbakicca½ katv± puna ±dito paµµh±ya p±timokkha½ uddiseti attho.
416. Itar±nanti ±gantuk±na½. Sacetaroti sace c±tuddasikoti attho. Sam±netarenuvattant³ti sam± v± ³n± v± itare ±gantuk± purim±na½ ±v±sik±na½ anuvattant³ti attho. Sacedhik±ti ±gantuk± sace adhik±, purim± ±v±sik± anuvattant³ti attho. Sesepyaya½ nayoti “±gantuk±na½ pannaraso hoti, ±v±sik±na½ c±tuddaso”ti itarepi samathok± ±gantuk± ±v±sik±na½ anuvattant³ti-±din± nayena vinicchayo veditabboti attho.
417. M³laµµh±ti ±v±sik±. Samathok±na½ ±gantuk±na½. S±maggi½ dentu k±matoti yadi icchanti, dent³ti attho.
418. No ce denti, ±gantukehi bahi gantv±na uposatho k±tabboti attho. Anicch±ya s±magg² deyy±ti sambandho.
419. “Na bhikkhave p±timokkhuddesakena sańcicca na s±vetabba½. Yo na s±veyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”tivuttatt± (mah±va. 154) “s±veyya suttan”ti vutta½. “Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, p±timokkhuddesakena v±yamitu½ katha½ s±veyyanti, v±yamantassa an±patt²”ti (mah±va. 154) vuttatt± “sańcicca ass±ventassa dukkaµan”ti vutta½.
420. Tath±ti dukkaµanti attho. Kalloti agil±no. Pesitoti ±ŗatto. “Na bhikkhave therena ±ŗattena agil±nena na sammajjitabba½. Yo na sammajjeyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”ti-±di (mah±va. 159) vutta½.
421-3. Id±ni p±risuddhi-uposatha½ dassetu½ “sammajjitv±”ti-±di vutta½. Ańjali½ (mah±va. 168) paggayh±ti sambandho. Teti avases± dve eva½ samud²riy± vattabb±ti attho. Eka½sa½ uttar±saŖg±dikaraŗavasena samattapubb±rambhena te dve bhikkh³ navena evam²riy± vattabb±ti attho.
424-5. Id±ni dv²hi kattabba½ dassetu½ “dv²su theren±”ti vutta½.
426. Ett±vat± “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, catunna½ p±timokkha½ uddisitun”ti (mah±va. 168) ca “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tiŗŗa½ p±risuddhi-uposatha½ k±tun”ti (mah±va. 168) ca “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, dvinna½ p±risuddhi-uposatha½ k±tun”ti (mah±va. 168) ca vutta½ saŖghuposathańca p±risuddhi-uposathańca dassetv± id±ni yattha eko bhikkhu viharati, tassa anuńń±ta½ adhiµµh±nuposatha½ dassetu½ “pubbakiccan”ti-±dim±ha. Ettha ca pubbakicca½ n±ma sammajjan±dika½yeva.
427. SaŖghuposathap±risuddhi-uposatha-adhiµµh±na-uposath±na½ vasena ta½ ta½ uposatha½ yadi kayirunti sambandho.
428. Vagge (mah±va. 173) ca samagge ca “vaggo”ti sańńino ca “vaggo nu kho, samaggo nu kho”ti eva½ vimatissa ca dukkaµa½, “nassantete vinassantete, ko tehi attho”ti eva½ an±gat±na½ bhikkh³na½ atthibh±va½ ńatv± bhed±dhipp±yena uposatha½ karoto thullaccaya½ hot²ti attho. Tadubhayepi “samaggo”ti sańńino an±patti.
429-430. Sesasahadhammik± n±ma bhikkhu½ µhapetv± avases± catt±ro. Abhabbass±ti ettha paŗ¹akatheyyasa½v±saka titthiyapakkantaka tiracch±nagata m±tugh±taka pitugh±taka arahantagh±taka bhikkhunid³saka saŖghabhedaka lohitupp±daka-ubhatobyańjanak± abhabb± gahit±. Ettha pana n±gam±ŗavak±dayo tiracch±nagatapakkhik±ti veditabb±. Etesa½ nisinnaparis±yańca p±timokkha½ na uddiseti sambandho.
Tath±ti yo pana saŖgho sabh±g±pattiko, sopi na uddise, parivutthena chandenapi na uddiseti attho. Ettha pana catubbidha½ p±riv±siya½ parisap±riv±siya½ rattip±riv±siya½ chandap±riv±siya½ ajjh±sayap±riv±siyanti.
Ettha pana bhikkh³ kenacideva karaŗ²yena sannipatit± megh±d²hi upaddut± “anok±s± maya½, ańńatra gacch±m±”ti chanda½ avissajjetv±va uµµhahanti. Ida½ parisap±riv±siya½. Kińc±pi parisap±riv±siya½, chandassa pana avissaµµhatt± kamma½ k±tu½ vaµµati.
Punapi bhikkh³na½ “uposath±d²ni kariss±m±”ti ratti½ sannipatitv± dhamma½ suŗant±na½yeva aruŗo uggacchati. Sace “c±tuddasika½ kariss±m±”ti nisinn±, “pannaraso”ti k±tu½ vaµµati. Sace pannarasika½ k±tu½ nisinn±, p±µipade anuposathe uposatha½ k±tu½ na vaµµati, ańńa½ pana saŖghakicca½ k±tu½ vaµµati. Ida½ rattip±riv±siya½ n±ma.
Puna bhikkh³ “ya½kińcideva abbh±n±dikamma½ kariss±m±”ti sannipatit± honti, tatreko nakkhattap±µhako eva½ vadati “ajja nakkhatta½ d±ruŗan”ti, te tassa vacanena chanda½ vissajjetv± tattheva nisinn± honti. Athańńo ±gantv± “ki½ nakkhattena, karoth±”ti vadati. Ida½ chandap±riv±siyańceva ajjh±sayap±riv±siyańca. Tasmi½ p±riv±siye puna chandap±risuddhi½ an±netv± kamma½ k±tu½ na vaµµati. Ida½ sandh±ya “chandena parivutthen±”ti vutta½.
431. ¾pannam±patti½ (mah±va. 169; mah±va. aµµha. 169) adesayitv±na v± “aha½, ±vuso, itthann±m±ya ±pattiy± vematiko, yad± nibbematiko bhaviss±mi, ta½ ±patti½ paµikariss±m²”ti vatv± vimati½ an±vikatv±na v± “na ca bhikkhave anuposathe uposatho k±tabbo ańńatra saŖghas±maggiy±”ti (mah±va. 183) vuttatt± anuposathepi v± k±tu½ na ca kappat²ti attho.
432. “Na ca bhikkhave tadahuposathe sabhikkhuk± ±v±s± abhikkhuko ±v±so v± an±v±so v± gantabbo ańńatra saŖghena ańńatra antar±y±”ti (mah±va. 181) vuttatt± “aµµhitoposath±v±s±”ti (mah±va. aµµha. 181) vutta½. Na vaje na gacche. Adhiµµh±tu½ s²mameva v±ti sace vih±re uposatha½ karonti, uposath±dhiµµh±nattha½ s²m±pi nad²pi na gantabb±. Sace panettha koci bhikkhu hoti, tassa santika½ gantu½ vaµµati. Vissaµµha-uposath±pi ±v±s± gantu½ vaµµati, eva½ gato adhiµµh±tumpi labhat²ti. Uposathavinicchayo.

Uposathaniddesavaŗŗan± niµµhit±.