17. Mańcap²µh±disaŖghikasen±sanesupaµipajjitabbavinicchayakath±

82. Eva½ sahaseyyavinicchaya½ kathetv± id±ni saŖghike vih±re seyy±su kattabbavinicchaya½kathetu½ “vih±re saŖghike seyyan”ty±dim±ha. Tattha samagga½ kamma½ samupagacchat²tisaŖgho, ayameva vacanattho sabbasaŖghas±dh±raŗo. SaŖghassa dinno saŖghiko, viharati etth±tivih±ro, tasmi½. Sayanti etth±ti seyy±, ta½. Asanthar²ti santharitv±na.Pakkamana½ pakkamo, gamananti attho. “Vih±re saŖghike seyya½, santharitv±na pakkamo”tiimassa uddesap±µhassa saŖghike vih±re…pe… pakkamananti attho daµµhabboti yojan±.Tatr±ti tasmi½ pakkamane aya½ ²diso may± vuccam±no vinicchayo veditabboti attho.Katamo so vinicchayoti ±ha “saŖghike…pe… p±cittiyan”ti. Aparikkhittassaupac±ro n±ma sen±sanato dve le¹¹up±t±. P±cittiyanti paµhama½ p±da½ atikk±mentassadukkaµa½, dutiy±tikkame p±cittiya½. Katha½ vińń±yaticc±ha “yo pana bhikkhu…pe…vacanato”ti.

Tattha saŖghiko vih±ro p±kaµo, seyy± ap±kaµ±, s± katividh±-icc±ha“seyy± n±ma…pe… dasavidh±”ti. Tatth±pi katam± bhisi, katam± cimilik±dayoti±ha “tattha bhis²ti…pe… esa nayo paŗŗasanth±re”ti. Tattha mańce attharitabb±timańcakabhisi, eva½ itaratra, vaŗŗ±nurakkhaŗattha½ kat±ti paµakhaŗ¹±d²hi sibbitv±kat±. Bh³miya½ attharitabb±ti cimilik±ya sati tass± upari, asati suddhabh³miya½ attharitabb±. S²hadhamm±d²na½ pariharaŗe eva paµikkhepoti imin± mańcap²µh±d²suattharitv± puna sa½haritv± µhapan±divasena attano atth±ya pariharaŗameva na vaµµati, bh³mattharaŗ±divasenaparibhogo pana attano pariharaŗa½ na hot²ti dasseti. Khandhake hi “antopi mańcepańńatt±ni honti, bahipi mańce pańńatt±ni hont²”ti eva½ attano atth±ya mańc±d²supańńapetv± pariharaŗavatthusmi½ “na, bhikkhave, mah±camm±ni dh±retabb±ni s²hacamma½ byagghacamma½d²picamma½, yo dh±reyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”ti (mah±va. 255) paµikkhepo kato,tasm± vuttanayenevettha adhipp±yo daµµhabbo. S±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha. µ². p±cittiya3.112) pana “yadi eva½ ‘pariharaŗeyeva paµikkhepo’ti ida½ kasm± vuttanti codana½ katv±‘anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, sabba½ p±s±daparibhogan’ti (c³¼ava. 320) vacanato puggalikepisen±sane sen±sanaparibhogavasena niyamita½ suvaŗŗaghaµ±dika½ paribhuńjitu½ vaµµam±nampikevala½ attano santaka½ katv± paribhuńjitu½ na vaµµati. Evamida½ bh³mattharaŗavasena paribhuńjitu½vaµµam±nampi attano santaka½ katv± ta½ ta½ vih±ra½ haritv± paribhuńjitu½ na vaµµat²tidassanattha½ pariharaŗeyeva paµikkhepo veditabbo”ti vutta½.

P±v±ro kojavoti paccattharaŗatth±yeva µhapit± uggatalom± attharaŗavises±. Ettakamevavuttanti aµµhakath±su (p±ci. aµµha. 116) vutta½. “Ida½ aµµhakath±sutath±vuttabh±vadassanattha½ vutta½, ańńampi t±disa½ mańcap²µhesu attharitabba½ attharaŗamev±”tit²supi gaŗµhipadesu vutta½. M±tik±µµhakath±ya½ (kaŖkh±. aµµha. dutiyasen±sanasikkh±padavaŗŗan±)pana “paccattharaŗa½ n±ma p±v±ro kojavo”ti niyametv± vutta½, tasm± gaŗµhipadesuvutta½ imin± na sameti, “v²ma½sitv± gahetabban”ti s±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha. µ².p±cittiya 3.116) vutta½. V²ma½site pana evamadhipp±yo pańń±yati– m±tik±µµhakath±piaµµhakath±yeva, tasm± mah±-aµµhakath±d²su vuttanayena “p±v±ro kojavo”ti niyametv±vutta½, eva½ niyamane satipi yath± “laddh±tapatto r±jakum±ro”ti ±tapattassa laddhabh±veyevaniyametv± vuttepi nidassananayavasena r±jakakudhabhaŗ¹as±mańńena sam±n± v±lab²jan±dayopivutt±yeva honti, eva½ “p±v±ro kojavo”ti niyametv± vuttepi nidassananayavasenatehi mańcap²µhesu attharitabbabh±vas±mańńena sam±n± ańńe attharaŗ±pi vutt±yeva honti,tasm± gaŗµhipadesu vuttavacana½ aµµhakath±vacanassa paµiloma½ na hoti, anulomamev±ti daµµhabba½.

Imasmi½ pana µh±ne “yena vih±ro k±rito, so vih±rass±miko”ti p±µha½ niss±yaekacce vinayadhar± “saŖghikavih±rassa v± puggalikavih±rassa v± vih±rad±yakoyevas±miko, soyeva issaro, tassa ruciy± eva vasitu½ labhati, na saŖghagaŗapuggal±na½ ruciy±”tivinicchaya½ karonti, so v²ma½sitabbo, katha½ aya½ p±µho kimattha½ s±dheti issarattha½v± ±pucchitabbattha½ v±ti? Eva½ v²ma½site “bhikkhumhi sati bhikkhu ±pucchitabbo”ti-±divacanato±pucchitabbatthameva s±dheti, na issaratthanti vińń±yati.

Atha siy± “±pucchitabbatthe siddhe issarattho siddhoyeva hoti. Issarabh±vatoyevahi so ±pucchitabbo”ti. Tattheva½ vattabba½– “±pucchantena ca bhikkhumhi satibhikkhu ±pucchitabbo, tasmi½ asati s±maŗero, tasmi½ asati ±r±miko”ti-±divacanato±yasmant±na½ matena bhikkhupi s±maŗeropi ±r±mikopi vih±rak±rakopi tassa kuleyo koci puggalopi issaroti ±pajjeyya, eva½ vińń±yam±nepi bhikkhumhi v±s±maŗere v± ±r±mike v± sati teyeva issar±, na vih±rak±rako. Tesu ekasmimpiasatiyeva vih±rak±rako issaro siy±ti. Imasmi½ pana adhik±re saŖghika½ sen±sana½rakkhaŗatth±ya ±pucchitabba½yeva vadati, na issarabh±vato ±pucchitabba½. Vuttańhi aµµhakath±ya½(p±ci. aµµha. 116) “an±puccha½ v± gaccheyy±ti ettha bhikkhumhi sati bhikkhu ±pucchitabbo”ti-±di.

Ath±pi eva½ vadeyya “na sakalassa v±kyap±µhassa adhipp±yattha½ sandh±ya amhehi vutta½,atha kho ‘vih±rass±miko’ti etassa padattha½yeva sandh±ya vutta½. Katha½? Sa½ etassaatth²ti s±miko, vih±rassa s±miko vih±rass±miko. ‘Ko vih±rass±mikon±m±’ti vutte ‘yena vih±ro k±rito, so vih±rass±miko n±m±’ti vattabbo,tasm± vih±rak±rako d±yako vih±rass±miko n±m±ti vińń±yati, eva½ vińń±yam±nesati s±miko n±ma sassa dhanassa issaro, tassa ruciy± eva ańńe labhanti, tasm± vih±rass±mikabh³tassad±yakassa ruciy± eva bhikkh³ vasitu½ labhanti, na saŖghagaŗapuggal±na½ ruciy±ti imamattha½sandh±ya vuttan”ti. Te eva½ vattabb±– m± ±yasmanto eva½ avacuttha, yath± ±ma “ghaµik±ro brahm±”ti vutto so brahm± id±ni ghaµa½ na karoti, purimattabh±vepana karoti, tasm± “ghaµa½ karot²”ti vacanatthena “ghaµik±ro”ti n±ma½ labhati.Iti pubbe laddhan±matt± pubbavoh±ravasena brahmabh³topi “ghaµik±ro”icceva vuccati,eva½ so vih±rak±rako bhikkh³na½ pariccattak±lato paµµh±ya vih±rass±miko na hotivatthuparicc±galakkhaŗatt± d±nassa, pubbe pana apariccattak±le vih±rassa k±rakatt±vih±rass±miko n±ma hoti, so eva½ pubbe laddhan±matt± pubbavoh±ravasena “vih±rass±miko”tivuccati, na, pariccattassa vih±rassa issarabh±vato. Teneva samm±sambuddhena “vih±rad±yak±na½ruciy± bhikkh³ vasant³”ti avatv± sen±sanapańń±pako anuńń±toti daµµhabbo. Tath±hi vutta½ vimativinodaniya½ (vi. vi. µ². mah±vagga 2.295) “tesa½ geh±n²ti etthabhikkh³na½ v±satth±ya katampi y±va na denti, t±va tesa½ santaka½yeva bhavissat²ti daµµhabban”ti,tena dinnak±lato paµµh±ya tesa½ santak±ni na hont²ti dasseti. Aya½ pana kath± p±µhassasammukh²bh³tatt± imasmi½ µh±ne kathit±. Vih±ravinicchayo pana catupaccayabh±janavinicchaye(vi. saŖga. aµµha. 194 ±dayo) ±vi bhavissati. Yo koc²ti ń±tako v± ańń±takov± yo koci. Yena mańca½ p²µha½ v± vinanti, ta½ mańcap²µhakav±na½.

83. Siluccayaleŗanti siluccaye leŗa½, pabbataguh±ti attho. “Sen±sana½ upacik±hikh±yitan”ti imasmi½ vatthusmi½ pańńattatt± vatthu-anur³pavasena aµµhakath±ya½ upacik±saŖk±yaabh±vena an±patti vutt±. Vattakkhandhake (c³¼ava. 360 ±dayo) gamikavatta½ pańń±pentena“sen±sana½ ±pucchitabban”ti vuttatt± kevala½ itikattabbat±mattadassanattha½ “±pucchana½pana vattan”ti vutta½ na pana vattabhede dukkaµanti dassanattha½, tenevaandhakaµµhakath±ya½ “sen±sana½ ±pucchitabban”ti ettha “ya½ p±s±ŗapiµµhiya½ v± p±s±ŗatthambhesuv± katasen±sana½ yattha upacik± n±rohanti, ta½ an±pucchantassapi an±patt²”ti vutta½.Tasm± ya½ vutta½ gaŗµhipade “t±dise sen±sane an±pucch± gacchantassa p±cittiya½natthi, gamikavatte sen±sana½ an±pucch± gacchanto vattabhedo hoti, tasm± dukkaµa½±pajjat²”ti, ta½ na gahetabba½.

Pacchimassa ±bhogena mutti natth²ti tassa pacchato gacchantassa ańńassa abh±vato vutta½.Eka½ v± pesetv± ±pucchitabbanti ettha gamanacittassa uppannaµµh±nato an±pucchitv±gacchante dutiyap±duddh±re p±cittiya½. Maŗ¹ape v±ti s±kh±maŗ¹ape v± padaramaŗ¹apev±. Rukkham³leti yassa kassaci rukkhassa heµµh±. Palujjat²ti vinassati.

84. Majjhe sa½khitta½ paŗavasaŗµh±na½ katv± baddhanti erakapatt±d²hi veŗi½ katv± t±ya veŗiy± ubhosu passesu vitthataµµh±ne bahu½ veµhetv± tato paµµh±ya y±va majjhaµµh±na½, t±vaanto-±ka¹¹hanavasena veµhetv± majjhe sa½khipitv± tattha tattha bandhitv± kata½. Yatthak±k± v± kulal± v± na ³hadant²ti yattha dhuvaniv±sena kul±vake katv± vasam±n±ete k±kakulal±, ańńe v± sakuŗ± ta½ sen±sana½ na ³hadanti, t±dise rukkham³lenikkhipitu½ anuj±n±m²ti attho.

85. Navav±yimoti adhun± suttena v²takacchena paliveµhitamańco. Onaddhoti kappiyacammenaonaddho, sova onaddhako sakatthe ka-paccayavasena. Tena hi vassena s²gha½ na nassati.Ukkaµµha-abbhok±sikoti ida½ tassa sukhapaµipattidassanamatta½ ukkaµµhass±pipana c²varakuµi vaµµateva. K±y±nugatikatt±ti bhikkhuno tattheva nisinnabh±va½d²peti, tena ca vassabhayena saya½ ańńattha gacchantassa ±patti½ dasseti. Abbhok±sik±na½atemanatth±ya niyametv± d±yakehi dinnampi att±na½ rakkhantena rakkhitabbameva. “Yasm±pana d±yakehi d±nak±leyeva satasahassagghanakampi kambala½ ‘p±dapuńchani½ katv± paribhuńjath±’tidinna½ tatheva paribhuńjitu½ vaµµati, tasm± idampi mańcap²µh±disen±sana½ ‘ajjhok±sepiyath±sukha½ paribhuńjath±’ti d±yakehi dinna½ ce, sabbasmimpi k±le ajjhok±se nikkhipitu½vaµµat²ti vadant²”ti s±ratthad²paniya½ (s±rattha. µ². p±cittiya 3.108-110) vutta½.Pesetv± gantabbanti ettha “yo bhikkhu ima½ µh±na½ ±gantv± vasati, tassa deth±”tivatv± pesetabba½.

Val±hak±na½ anuµµhitabh±va½ sallakkhetv±ti imin± gimh±nepi meghe uµµhite abbhok±senikkhipitu½ na vaµµat²ti d²peti. Tatra tatr±ti cetiyaŖgaŗ±dike tasmi½ tasmi½ abbhok±seniyametv± nikkhitt±. Majjhato paµµh±ya p±daµµh±n±bhimukh±ti yattha samantato sammajjitv±aŖgaŗamajjhe sabbad± kacavarassa saŖka¹¹hanena majjhe v±lik± sańcit± hoti, tattha kattabbavidhidassanattha½vutta½, uccavatthup±daµµh±n±bhimukha½, bhittip±daµµh±n±bhimukha½ v± v±lik± haritabb±tiattho. “Yattha v± pana koŗesu v±lik± sańcit±, tattha tato paµµh±ya aparadis±bhimukh±haritabb±”ti keci attha½ vadanti. Keci pana “sammaµµhaµµh±nassa padavalańjena avikopanatth±yasaya½ asammaµµhaµµh±ne µhatv± attano p±d±bhimukha½ v±lik± haritabb±ti vuttan”ti vadanti.Tattha “majjhato paµµh±y±”ti vacanassa payojana½ na dissati. S±ratthad²paniya½ pana “p±daµµh±n±bhimukh±ti nis²dant±na½ p±daµµh±n±bhimukhanti keci, sammajjantassa p±daµµh±n±bhimukhantiapare, bahiv±lik±ya agamananimitta½ p±daµµh±n±bhimukh± haritabb±ti vuttanti eke”tivutta½. Kacavara½ hatthehi gahetv± bahi cha¹¹etabbanti imin± “kacavara½ cha¹¹ess±m²”tiv±lik± na cha¹¹etabb±ti d²peti.

86. Kappa½ labhitv±ti “gacch±”ti vuttavacanena kappa½ labhitv±. Therassa hi ±ŗattiy±gacchantassa an±patti. Purimanayenev±ti “nis²ditv± saya½ gacchanto”ti-±din±pubbe vuttanayeneva.

Ańńattha gacchat²ti ta½ magga½ atikkamitv± ańńattha gacchati. Le¹¹up±tupac±rato bahiµhitatt± “p±duddh±rena k±retabbo”ti vutta½, ańńattha gacchantassa paµhamap±duddh±redukkaµa½, dutiyap±duddh±re p±cittiyanti attho. P±katika½ akatv±ti apaµis±metv±.Antarasannip±teti antarantar± sannip±te.

87. ¾v±sik±na½yeva palibodhoti ettha ±gantukesu ±gantv± kińci avatv±tattha nisinnesupi nis²ditv± “±v±sik±yeva uddharissant²”ti gatesupi ±v±sik±namevapalibodho. Mah±paccariv±de pana “ida½ amh±kan”ti vatv±pi avatv±pi nisinn±namev±tiadhipp±yo. Mah±-aµµhakath±v±de “±patt²”ti p±cittiyameva vutta½. Mah±paccariya½pana santhar±pane p±cittiyena bhavitabbanti an±ŗattiy± pańńattatt± dukkaµa½ vutta½.Uss±rakoti sarabh±ŗako. So hi uddha½uddha½ p±¼ip±µha½ s±reti pavattet²ti “uss±rako”tivuccati. “Ida½ uss±rakassa, ida½ dhammakathikass±”ti visu½ pańńattatt± an±ŗattiy±pańńattepi p±cittiyeneva bhavitabbanti adhipp±yena “tasmi½ ±gantv± nisinne tassapalibodho”ti vutta½. Keci pana vadanti “an±ŗattiy± pańńattepi dhammakathikassaanuµµh±pan²yatt± p±cittiyena bhavitabba½, ±gantukassa pana pacch± ±gatehivu¹¹hatarehi uµµh±pan²yatt± dukkaµa½ vuttan”ti.

88. P±dapuńchan² n±ma rajjukehi v± pilotik±ya v± p±dapuńchanattha½ kat±. Phalakap²µha½n±ma phalakamaya½ p²µha½. Atha v± phalakańceva d±rumayap²µhańca. D±rumayap²µhantica phalakamayameva p²µha½ veditabba½. P±dakaµhalikanti adhotap±daµµh±panaka½. Ajjhok±serajana½ pacitv± …pe… paµis±metabbanti ettha theve asati rajanakamme niµµhitepaµis±metabba½. “Bhikkhu v± s±maŗero v± ±r±miko v± lajj² hot²ti vuttatt±alajji½ ±pucchitv± gantu½ na vaµµat²”ti vadanti. Ot±pento…pe… gacchat²tiettha “kińc±pi ‘ettaka½ d³ra½ gantabban’ti paricchedo natthi, tath±pi le¹¹up±ta½atikkamma n±tid³ra½ gantabban”ti vadanti.

Iti vinayasaŖgahasa½vaŗŗan±bh³te vinay±laŖk±re

Mańcap²µh±disaŖghikasen±sanesupaµipajjitabba-

Vinicchayakath±laŖk±ro n±ma

Sattarasamo paricchedo.