64. “Na, bhikkhave, nah±pitapubbena khurabhaº¹a½ pariharitabba½, yo parihareyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”ti (mah±va. 303) vacanato nah±pitapubbena (mah±va. aµµha. 303) khurabhaº¹a½ gahetv± pariharitu½ na vaµµati, aññassa santakena pana kese chedetu½ vaµµati. Sace vetana½ gahetv± chindati, na vaµµati. Yo anah±pitapubbo, tasseva pariharitu½ vaµµati, ta½ v± añña½ v± gahetv± kese chedetumpi vaµµati.
65. “Saªghik±ni bhikkhave, b²j±ni puggalik±ya bh³miy± ropit±ni bh±ga½ datv± paribhuñjitabb±ni. Puggalik±ni b²j±ni saªghik±ya bh³miy± ropit±ni bh±ga½ datv± paribhuñjitabb±n²”ti (mah±va. 304)– vacanato puggalik±ya bh³miy± saªghikesu b²jesu ropitesu saªghik±ya bh³miy± v± puggalikesu b²jesu ropitesu dasamabh±ga½ datv± paribhuñjitabba½. Ida½ kira jambud²pe por±ºakac±ritta½, tasm± dasa koµµh±se katv± eko koµµh±so bh³mis±mik±na½ d±tabbo.
66. “Santi, bhikkhave, magg± kant±r± appodak± appabhakkh±, na sukar± ap±theyyena gantu½. Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, p±theyya½ pariyesitu½. Taº¹ulo taº¹ulatthikena, muggo muggatthikena, m±so m±satthikena, loºa½ loºatthikena, gu¼o gu¼atthikena, tela½ telatthikena, sappi sappitthiken±”ti (mah±va. 299)– vacanato t±disa½ kant±ra½ nittharantena p±theyya½ pariyesitu½ vaµµati. Katha½ pana pariyesitabbanti? Sace (mah±va. aµµha. 296) kecisayameva ñatv± denti, icceta½ kusala½. No ce denti, ñ±tipav±ritaµµh±nato v± bhikkh±c±ravattena v± pariyesitabba½. Tath± alabhantena aññ±tika-appav±ritaµµh±nato y±citv±pi gahetabba½. Ekadivasena gaman²ye magge ekabhattatth±ya pariyesitabba½. D²ghe addh±ne yattakena kant±ra½ nittharati, tattaka½ pariyesitabba½.
67. “Ya½, bhikkhave, may± ‘ida½ na kappat²’ti appaµikkhitta½, tañce akappiya½ anulometi, kappiya½ paµib±hati, ta½ vo na kappati. Ya½, bhikkhave, may± ‘ida½ na kappat²’ti appaµikkhitta½, tañce kappiya½ anulometi, akappiya½ paµib±hati, ta½ vo kappati. Ya½, bhikkhave, may± ‘ida½ kappat²’ti ananuññ±ta½, tañce akappiya½ anulometi, kappiya½ paµib±hati, ta½ vo na kappati. Ya½, bhikkhave, may± ‘ida½ kappat²’ti ananuññ±ta½, tañce kappiya½ anulometi, akappiya½ paµib±hati, ta½ vo kappat²”ti (mah±va. 305)– ime catt±ro mah±padese bhagav± bhikkh³na½ nayaggahaºatth±ya ±ha. Tattha dhammasaªg±hakatther± sutta½ gahetv± parimaddant± ida½ addasa½su. “Ýhapetv± dhaññaphalarasan”ti satta dhaññaras±ni “pacch±bhatta½ na kappat²”ti paµikkhitt±ni T±lan±¼ikerapanasalabuja-al±bukumbhaº¹apussaphalatipusaphala-e¼±luk±ni nava mah±phal±ni sabbañca aparaººa½ dhaññagatikameva. Ta½ kiñc±pi na paµikkhitta½ atha kho akappiya½ anulometi, tasm± pacch±bhatta½ na kappati. Aµµha p±n±ni anuññ±t±ni, avases±ni vettatintiºikam±tuluªgakapiµµhakosambakaramand±dikhuddakaphalap±n±ni aµµhap±nagatik±neva. T±ni kiñc±pi na anuññ±t±ni, atha kho kappiya½ anulomenti, tasm± kappanti. Ýhapetv± hi s±nuloma½ dhaññaphalarasa½ añña½ phalap±na½ n±ma akappiya½ natthi, sabba½ y±mak±lika½yev±ti kurundiya½ vutta½.
Bhagavat±– “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, cha c²var±ni khoma½ kapp±sika½ koseyya½ kambala½ s±ºa½ bhaªgan”ti (mah±va. 339) cha c²var±ni anuññ±t±ni, dhammasaªg±hakattherehi tesa½ anulom±ni duk³la½ pattuººa½ c²napaµµa½ som±rapaµµa½ iddhimaya½ devadattiyanti apar±ni cha anuññ±t±ni. Tattha pattuººanti pattuººadese p±ºakehi sañj±tavattha½. Dve paµ±ni desan±meneva vutt±ni. T²ºi koseyyassa anulom±ni, duk³la½ s±ºassa, itar±ni dve kapp±sikassa v± sabbesa½ v±.
Bhagavat± ek±dasa patte paµikkhipitv± dve patt± anuññ±t± lohapatto ca mattik±patto ca. Lohath±laka½ mattik±th±laka½ tambalohath±lakanti tesa½yeva anulom±ni. Bhagavat± tayo tumb± anuññ±t± lohatumbo kaµµhatumbo phalatumboti. Kuº¹ik± kañcanako udakatumboti tesa½yeva anulom±ni. Kurundiya½ pana “p±n²yasaªkhap±n²yasar±vak±na½ ete anulom±”ti vutta½. Paµµik± s³karantanti dve k±yabandhan±ni anuññ±t±ni. Dussapaµµena rajjukena ca katak±yabandhan±ni tesa½yeva anulom±ni. Setacchatta½ kilañjacchatta½ paººacchattanti t²ºi chatt±ni anuññ±t±ni. Ekapaººacchatta½ tesa½yeva anulomanti imin± nayena p±¼iñca aµµhakathañca anupekkhitv± aññ±nipi kappiy±kappiy±na½ anulom±ni vinayadharena veditabb±ni.
68. Vinayadharo (p±ci. aµµha. 438) ca puggalo vinayapariyattim³lake pañc±nisa½se ch±nisa½se satt±nisa½se aµµh±nisa½se nav±nisa½se das±nisa½se ek±das±nisa½se labhati. Katame pañc±nisa½se labhati? Attano s²lakkhandhagutti-±dike. Vuttañheta½–
“Pañcime, bhikkhave, ±nisa½s± vinayadhare puggale. Attano s²lakkhandho sugutto hoti surakkhito, kukkuccapakat±na½ paµisaraºa½ hoti, vis±rado saªghamajjhe voharati, paccatthike sahadhammena suniggahita½ niggaºh±ti, saddhammaµµhitiy± paµipanno hot²”ti (pari. 325).
Kathamassa attano s²lakkhandho sugutto hoti surakkhito? Idhekacco bhikkhu ±patti½ ±pajjanto chah±k±rehi ±pajjati alajjit±, aññ±ºat±, kukkuccapakatat±, akappiye kappiyasaññit±, kappiye akappiyasaññit±, satisammos±. Katha½ alajjit±ya ±pajjati? Akappiyabh±va½ j±nantoyeva madditv± v²tikkama½ karoti. Vuttampi ceta½–
“Sañcicca ±patti½ ±pajjati, ±patti½ parig³hati;
agatigamanañca gacchati, ediso vuccati alajjipuggalo”ti. (Pari. 359).
Katha½ aññ±ºat±ya ±pajjati? Aññ±ºapuggalo hi mando mom³ho kattabb±kattabba½ aj±nanto akattabba½ karoti, kattabba½ vir±dheti. Eva½ aññ±ºat±ya ±pajjati. Katha½ kukkuccapakatat±ya ±pajjati? Kappiy±kappiya½ niss±ya kukkucce uppanne vinayadhara½ pucchitv± kappiya½ ce, kattabba½ siy±, akappiya½ ce, na kattabba½, aya½ pana “vaµµat²”ti madditv± v²tikkamatiyeva. Eva½ kukkuccapakatat±ya ±pajjati.
Katha½ akappiye kappiyasaññit±ya ±pajjati? Acchama½sa½ “s³karama½san”ti kh±dati, d²pima½sa½ “migama½san”ti kh±dati, akappiyabhojana½ “kappiyabhojanan”ti bhuñjati, vik±le k±lasaññ±ya bhuñjati, akappiyap±naka½ “kappiyap±nakan”ti pivati. Eva½ akappiye kappiyasaññit±ya ±pajjati. Katha½ kappiye akappiyasaññit±ya ±pajjati? S³karama½sa½ “acchama½san”ti kh±dati, migama½sa½ “d²pima½san”ti kh±dati, kappiyabhojana½ “akappiyabhojanan”ti bhuñjati, k±le vik±lasaññ±ya bhuñjati, kappiyap±naka½ “akappiyap±nakan”ti pivati. Eva½ kappiye akappiyasaññit±ya ±pajjati. Katha½ satisammos± ±pajjati? Sahaseyyac²varavippav±sabhesajjac²varak±l±tikkamanapaccay± ±patti½ satisammos± ±pajjati. Evamidhekacco bhikkhu imehi chahi ±k±rehi ±patti½ ±pajjati.
Vinayadharo pana imehi chah±k±rehi ±patti½ na ±pajjati. Katha½ lajjit±ya n±pajjati? So hi “passatha bho, aya½ kappiy±kappiya½ j±nantoyeva paººattiv²tikkama½ karot²”ti ima½ par³pav±da½ rakkhantopi n±pajjati. Eva½ lajjit±ya n±pajjati, sahas± ±pannampi desan±g±mini½ desetv± vuµµh±nag±miniy± vuµµhahitv± suddhante patiµµh±ti. Tato–
“Sañcicca ±patti½ n±pajjati, ±patti½ na parig³hati;
agatigamanañca na gacchati, ediso vuccati lajjipuggalo”ti. (Pari. 359)–

Imasmi½ lajjibh±ve patiµµhitova hoti.

Katha½ ñ±ºat±ya n±pajjati? So hi kappiy±kappiya½ j±n±ti, tasm± kappiya½yeva karoti, akappiya½ na karoti. Eva½ ñ±ºat±ya n±pajjati. Katha½ akukkuccapakatat±ya n±pajjati? Kappiy±kappiya½ niss±ya kukkucce uppanne vatthu½ oloketv± m±tika½ padabh±jana½ antar±patti½ an±patti½ oloketv± kappiya½ ce hoti, karoti, akappiya½ ce, na karoti. Eva½ akukkuccapakatat±ya n±pajjati. Katha½ akappiye kappiyasaññit±d²hi n±pajjati? So hi kappiy±kappiya½ j±n±ti, tasm± akappiye kappiyasaññ² na hoti, kappiye akappiyasaññ² na hoti, suppatiµµhit± cassa sati hoti, adhiµµh±tabba½ adhiµµheti, vikappetabba½ vikappeti. Iti imehi chahi ±k±rehi ±patti½ n±pajjati. An±pajjanto akhaº¹as²lo hoti, parisuddhas²lo hoti. Evamassa attano s²lakkhandho sugutto hoti surakkhito.
Katha½ kukkuccapakat±na½ paµisaraºa½ hoti? Tiroraµµhesu tirojanapadesu ca uppannakukkucc± bhikkh³ “asukasmi½ kira vih±re vinayadharo vasat²”ti d³ratova tassa santika½ ±gantv± kukkucca½ pucchanti. So tehi katassa kammassa vatthu½ oloketv± ±patt±n±pattigarukalahuk±dibheda½ sallakkhetv± desan±g±mini½ des±petv±, vuµµh±nag±miniy± vuµµh±petv± suddhante patiµµh±peti. Eva½ kukkuccapakat±na½ paµisaraºa½ hoti.
Vis±rado saªghamajjhe voharat²ti avinayadharassa hi saªghamajjhe kathentassa bhaya½ s±rajja½ okkamati, vinayadharassa ta½ na hoti. Kasm±? “Eva½ kathentassa doso hoti, eva½ na doso”ti ñatv± kathanato.
Paccatthike sahadhammena suniggahita½ niggaºh±t²ti ettha dvidh± paccatthik± n±ma attapaccatthik± ca s±sanapaccatthik± ca. Tattha mettiyabh³majak± ca bhikkh³ va¹¹ho ca licchav² am³lakena antimavatthun± codesu½, ime attapaccatthik± n±ma. Ye pana aññepi duss²l± p±padhamm± sabbete attapaccatthik±. Vipar²tadassan± pana ariµµhabhikkhukaºµakas±maºeraves±likavajjiputtak± par³pah±ra-aññ±ºakaªkh±vitaraº±div±d± mah±saªghik±dayo ca abuddhas±sana½ “buddhas±sanan”ti vatv± katapaggah± s±sanapaccatthik± n±ma. Te sabbepi sahadhammena sahak±raºena vacanena yath± ta½ asaddhamma½ patiµµh±petu½ na sakkonti, eva½ suniggahita½ katv± niggaºh±ti.
Saddhammaµµhitiy± paµipanno hot²ti ettha pana tividho saddhammo pariyattipaµipatti-adhigamavasena. Tattha tepiµaka½ buddhavacana½ pariyattisaddhammo n±ma. Terasa dhutaguº± cuddasa khandhakavatt±ni dve-as²ti mah±vatt±n²ti aya½ paµipattisaddhammo n±ma. Catt±ro magg± ca catt±ri phal±ni ca, aya½ adhigamasaddhammo n±ma.
Tattha keci ther± “yo vo, ±nanda, may± dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satth±”ti imin± suttena (d². ni. 2.216) “s±sanassa pariyatti m³lan”ti vadanti. Keci ther± “ime ca subhadda bhikkh³ samm± vihareyyu½, asuñño loko arahantehi ass±”ti imin± suttena (d². ni. 2.214) “s±sanassa paµipatti m³lan”ti vatv± “y±va pañca bhikkh³ samm±paµipann± sa½vijjanti, t±va s±sana½ µhita½ hot²”ti ±ha½su. Itare pana ther± “pariyattiy± antarahit±ya suppaµipannassapi dhamm±bhisamayo natth²”ti vatv± ±ha½su “sacepi pañca bhikkh³ catt±ri p±r±jik±ni rakkhak± honti, te saddhe kulaputte pabb±jetv± paccantime janapade upasamp±detv± dasavagga½ gaºa½ p³retv± majjhimajanapade upasampada½ karissanti, etenup±yena v²sativagga½ saªgha½ p³retv± attanopi abbh±nakamma½ katv± s±sana½ vuddhi½ vir³¼hi½ gamayissanti. Evamaya½ vinayadharo tividhassapi saddhammassa ciraµµhitiy± paµipanno hot²”ti. Evamaya½ vinayadharo ime t±va pañc±nisa½se paµilabhat²ti veditabbo.
Katame ch±nisa½se labhat²ti? Tass±dheyyo uposatho pav±raº± saªghakamma½ pabbajj± upasampad±, nissaya½ deti, s±maºera½ upaµµh±peti. Yepi ime c±tuddasiko, pannarasiko, s±maggi-uposatho, saªghe uposatho, gaºe uposatho, puggale uposatho, suttuddeso, p±risuddhi, adhiµµh±na-uposathoti nava uposath±, sabbe te vinayadhar±yatt±, y±pi ca im± c±tuddasik±, pannarasik±, s±maggipav±raº±, saªghe pav±raº±, gaºe pav±raº±, puggale pav±raº±, tev±cik± pav±raº± dvev±cik± pav±raº±, sam±navassik± pav±raº±ti nava pav±raº±, t±pi vinayadhar±yatt± eva, tassa santak±, so t±sa½ s±m².
Y±nipi im±ni apalokanakamma½ ñattikamma½ ñattidutiyakamma½ ñatticatutthakammanti catt±ri saªghakamm±ni, y± c±ya½ upajjh±yena hutv± kulaputt±na½ pabbajj± ca upasampad± ca k±tabb±, ayampi vinayadhar±yatt±va. Na hi añño dvipiµakadharopi eva½ k±tu½ labhati, so eva nissaya½ deti, s±maºera½ upaµµh±peti, añño neva nissaya½ d±tu½ labhati, na s±maºera½ upaµµh±petu½. Teneva “na, bhikkhave, ekena dve s±maºer± upaµµh±petabb±, yo upaµµh±peyya, ±patti dukkaµass±”ti (mah±va. 101) paµikkhipitv± puna anuj±nantenapi “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, byattena bhikkhun± ekena dve s±maºere upaµµh±petu½, y±vatake v± pana ussahati ovaditu½ anus±situ½, t±vatake upaµµh±petun”ti (mah±va. 105) byattasseva s±maºerupaµµh±pana½ anuññ±ta½. S±maºerupaµµh±pana½ pacc±s²santo pana vinayadharassa santike upajjha½ g±h±petv± vattapaµipatti½ s±ditu½ labhati. Ettha ca nissayad±nañceva s±maºerupaµµh±nañca ekamaªga½. Iti imesu chasu ±nisa½sesu ekena saddhi½ purim±ni pañca cha honti. Dv²hi saddhi½ satta, t²hi saddhi½ aµµha, cat³hi saddhi½ nava, pañcahi saddhi½ dasa, sabbehipetehi saddhi½ ek±das±ti eva½ vinayadharo puggalo pañca cha satta aµµha nava dasa ek±dasa ca ±nisa½se labhat²ti veditabbo.
Mah±nisa½samicceva½ kosalla½ vinaye sad±;
patthentenettha k±tabbo, abhiyogo punappunanti.

Iti p±¼imuttakavinayavinicchayasaªgahe

Pakiººakavinicchayakath± samatt±.

Niµµhito c±ya½ p±¼imuttakavinayavinicchayasaªgaho.