Nissaµµhac²varad±nepi yath± “ima½ c²vara½ ±yasmato damm²”ti eko vadati, eva½ “ima½ maya½ c²vara½ ±yasmato dem±”ti vattu½ vaµµati. Ito garukatar±ni hi ñattidutiyakamm±nipi “apaloketv± k±tabb±n²”ti vutt±ni atthi, tesa½ eta½ anuloma½ nissaµµhac²vara½ pana d±tabbameva ad±tu½ na labbhati, vinayakammamattañheta½. Na ta½ tena saªghassa v± gaºassa v± puggalassa v± dinnameva hot²ti.

468. Das±h±tikkante atikkantasaññ²ti das±ha½ atikkante c²vare “atikkanta½ idan”ti eva½saññ², das±he v± atikkante “atikkanto das±ho”ti eva½saññ². Nissaggiya½ p±cittiyanti na idha saññ± rakkhati. Yopi eva½saññ², tassapi ta½ c²vara½ nissaggiya½ p±cittiy±patti ca. Sanissaggiyavinayakamma½ v± p±cittiyanti ubhopi atthavikapp± yujjanti. Esa nayo sabbattha.

Avissajjite vissajjitasaññ²ti kassaci adinne apariccatte “pariccatta½ may±”ti eva½saññ².

Anaµµhe naµµhasaññ²ti attano c²varena saddhi½ bah³ni aññesa½ c²var±ni ekato µhapit±ni cor± haranti. Tatresa attano c²vare anaµµhe naµµhasaññ² hoti. Esa nayo avinaµµh±d²supi.

Avilutteti ettha pana gabbha½ bhinditv± pasayh±vah±ravasena avilutteti veditabba½.

Anissajjitv± paribhuñjati ±patti dukkaµass±ti saki½ nivattha½ v± saki½ p±ruta½ v± k±yato amocetv± divasampi vicarati, ek±va ±patti. Mocetv± mocetv± niv±seti v± p±rupati v± payoge payoge dukkaµa½. Dunnivattha½ v± dupp±ruta½ v± saºµhapentassa an±patti. Aññassa ta½ paribhuñjatopi an±patti, “an±patti aññena kata½ paµilabhitv± paribhuñjat²”ti (p±r±. 570) ±divacanañcettha s±dhaka½. Anatikkante atikkantasaññino vematikassa ca dukkaµa½ paribhoga½ sandh±ya vutta½.

469. “An±patti antodas±ha½ adhiµµheti, vikappet²”ti ettha pana adhiµµh±nupaga½ vikappanupagañca veditabba½. Tatr±ya½ p±¼i– atha kho bhikkh³na½ etadahosi– “y±ni t±ni bhagavat± anuññ±t±ni ‘tic²varan’ti v± ‘vassikas±µik±’ti v± ‘nis²danan’ti v± ‘paccattharaºan’ti v± ‘kaº¹uppaµicch±d²’ti v± mukhapuñchanaco¼akanti v± parikkh±raco¼anti v± sabb±ni t±ni adhiµµh±tabb±n²ti nu kho ud±hu vikappetabb±n²”ti, bhagavato etamattha½ ±rocesu½–

“Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tic²vara½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetu½; vassikas±µika½ vass±na½ c±tum±sa½ adhiµµh±tu½ tato para½ vikappetu½; nis²dana½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetu½; paccattharaºa½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetu½; kaº¹uppaµicch±di½ y±va-±b±dh± adhiµµh±tu½ tato para½ vikappetu½; mukhapuñchanaco¼a½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetu½; parikkh±raco¼a½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetun”ti (mah±va. 358).

“Tattha tic²vara½” adhiµµhahantena rajitv± kappabindu½ datv± pam±ºayuttameva adhiµµh±tabba½. Tassa pam±ºa½ ukkaµµhaparicchedena sugatac²varato ³naka½ vaµµati, l±makaparicchedena saªgh±µiy± uttar±saªgassa ca d²ghato muµµhipañcaka½ tiriya½ muµµhittika½ pam±ºa½ vaµµati. Antarav±sako d²ghato muµµhipañcako tiriya½ dvihatthopi vaµµati. P±rupaºenapi hi sakk± n±bhi½ paµicch±detunti. Vuttappam±ºato pana atireka½ ³nakañca parikkh±raco¼anti adhiµµh±tabba½.

Tattha yasm± “dve c²varassa adhiµµh±n±– k±yena v± adhiµµheti, v±c±ya v± adhiµµhet²”ti (pari. 322) vutta½, tasm± pur±ºasaªgh±µi½ “ima½ saªgh±µi½ paccuddhar±m²”ti paccuddharitv± nava½ saªgh±µi½ hatthena gahetv± “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti cittena ±bhoga½ katv± k±yavik±ra½ karontena k±yena adhiµµh±tabb±. Ida½ k±yena adhiµµh±na½, ta½ yena kenaci sar²r±vayavena aphusantassa na vaµµati. V±c±ya adhiµµh±ne pana vac²bheda½ katv± v±c±ya adhiµµh±tabb±. Tatra duvidha½ adhiµµh±na½– sace hatthap±se hoti “ima½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Atha antogabbhe v± uparip±s±de v± s±mantavih±re v± hoti µhapitaµµh±na½ sallakkhetv± “eta½ saªgh±µi½ adhiµµh±m²”ti v±c± bhinditabb±. Esa nayo uttar±saªge antarav±sake ca. N±mamattameva hi viseso. Tasm± sabb±ni saªgh±µi½ uttar±saªga½ antarav±sakanti eva½ attano n±meneva adhiµµh±tabb±ni. Sace adhiµµhahitv± µhapitavatthehi saªgh±µi-±d²ni karoti, niµµhite rajane ca kappe ca ima½ “paccuddhar±m²”ti paccuddharitv± puna adhiµµh±tabb±ni. Adhiµµhitena pana saddhi½ mahantatarameva dutiyapaµµa½ v± khaº¹a½ v± sa½sibbantena puna adhiµµh±tabbameva. Same v± khuddake v± adhiµµh±nakicca½ natthi.

Tic²vara½ pana parikkh±raco¼a½ adhiµµh±tu½ vaµµati na vaµµat²ti? Mah±padumatthero kir±ha– “tic²vara½ tic²varameva adhiµµh±tabba½. Sace parikkh±raco¼±dhiµµh±na½ labheyya udositasikkh±pade parih±ro niratthako bhaveyy±”ti. Eva½ vutte kira avases± bhikkh³ ±ha½su– “parikkh±raco¼ampi bhagavat±va adhiµµh±tabbanti vutta½, tasm± vaµµat²”ti. Mah±paccariyampi vutta½ “parikkh±raco¼a½ n±ma p±µekka½ nidh±namukhametanti tic²vara½ parikkh±raco¼anti adhiµµhahitv± paribhuñjitu½ vaµµati. Udositasikkh±pade pana tic²vara½ adhiµµhahitv± pariharantassa parih±ro vutto”ti. Ubhatovibhaªgabh±ºako puººav±likav±s² mah±tissattheropi kira ±ha– “maya½ pubbe mah±ther±na½ assumha, araññav±sino bhikkh³ rukkhasusir±d²su c²vara½ µhapetv± padh±na½ padahanatth±ya gacchanti. S±mantavih±re dhammasavanatth±ya gat±nañca nesa½ s³riye uµµhite s±maºer± v± daharabhikkh³ v± pattac²vara½ gahetv± gacchanti, tasm± sukhaparibhogattha½ tic²vara½ parikkh±raco¼anti adhiµµh±tu½ vaµµat²”ti. Mah±paccariyampi vutta½ pubbe ±raññik± bhikkh³ abaddhas²m±ya½ dupparih±ranti tic²vara½ parikkh±raco¼ameva adhiµµhahitv± paribhuñji½s³”ti.

“Vassikas±µik±” anatirittappam±º± n±ma½ gahetv± vuttanayeneva catt±ro vassike m±se adhiµµh±tabb±, tato para½ paccuddharitv± vikappetabb±. Vaººabhedamattaratt±pi ces± vaµµati. Dve pana na vaµµanti. “Nis²dana½” vuttanayena adhiµµh±tabbameva, tañca kho pam±ºayutta½ ekameva, dve na vaµµanti. “Paccattharaºa”mpi adhiµµh±tabbameva, ta½ pana mahantampi vaµµati, ekampi vaµµati, bah³nipi vaµµanti. N²lampi p²takampi sadasampi pupphadasamp²ti sabbappak±ra½ vaµµati. Saki½ adhiµµhita½ adhiµµhitameva hoti. “Kaº¹uppaµicch±di” y±va ±b±dho atthi, t±va pam±ºik± adhiµµh±tabb±. ¾b±dhe v³pasante paccuddharitv± vikappetabb±, ek±va vaµµati “Mukhapuñchanaco¼a½” adhiµµh±tabbameva, y±va eka½ dhoviyati, t±va añña½ paribhogatth±ya icchitabbanti dve vaµµanti. Apare pana ther± “nidh±namukhameta½ bah³nipi vaµµant²”ti vadanti. Parikkh±raco¼e gaºan± natthi, yattaka½ icchati tattaka½ adhiµµh±tabbameva. Thavik±pi pariss±vanampi vikappanupaga½ pacchimac²varappam±ºa½ “parikkh±raco¼akan”ti adhiµµh±tabbameva. Bah³ni ekato katv± “im±ni c²var±ni parikkh±raco¼±ni adhiµµh±m²”ti adhiµµh±tumpi vaµµatiyeva. Bhesajjanavakammam±t±pitu-±d²na½ atth±ya µhapentenapi adhiµµh±tabbameva. Mah±paccariya½ pana “an±patt²”ti vutta½. Mañcabhisi p²µhakabhisi bimbohana½ p±v±ro kojavoti etesu pana sen±sanaparikkh±ratth±ya dinnapaccattharaºe ca adhiµµh±nakicca½ natthiyeva.

Adhiµµhitac²vara½ pana paribhuñjato katha½ adhiµµh±na½ vijahat²ti? Aññassa d±nena, acchinditv± gahaºena, viss±sagg±hena, h²n±y±vattanena, sikkh±paccakkh±nena k±la½kiriy±ya, liªgaparivattanena, paccuddharaºena, chiddabh±ven±ti imehi navahi k±raºehi vijahati. Tattha purimehi aµµhahi sabbac²var±ni adhiµµh±na½ vijahanti, chiddabh±vena pana tic²varasseva sabba-aµµhakath±su adhiµµh±navijahana½ vutta½, tañca nakhapiµµhippam±ºena chiddena. Tattha nakhapiµµhippam±ºa½ kaniµµhaªgulinakhavasena veditabba½, chiddañca vinibbiddhachiddameva. Chiddassa hi abbhantare ekatantu cepi acchinno hoti, rakkhati. Tattha saªgh±µiy± ca uttar±saªgassa ca d²ghantato vidatthippam±ºassa tiriyantato aµµhaªgulappam±ºassa padesassa orato chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ bhindati, parato na bhindati. Antarav±sakassa pana d²ghantato vidatthippam±ºasseva tiriyantato caturaªgulappam±ºassa padesassa orato chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ bhindati, parato na bhindati. Tasm± j±te chidde ta½ c²vara½ atirekac²varaµµh±ne tiµµhati, s³cikamma½ katv± puna adhiµµh±tabba½. Mah±sumatthero pan±ha– “pam±ºac²varassa yattha katthaci chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ bhindati, mahantassa pana pam±ºato bahi chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na bhindati, antoj±ta½ bhindat²”ti. Karav²katissatthero ±ha– “khuddaka½ mahanta½ na pam±ºa½, dve c²var±ni p±rupantassa v±mahatthe saªgharitv± µhapitaµµh±ne chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na bhindati, orabh±ge bhindati. Antarav±sakassapi ovaµµika½ karontena saªgharitaµµh±ne chidda½ na bhindati, tato ora½ bhindat²”ti. Andhakaµµhakath±ya½ pana tic²vare mah±sumattherav±da½ pam±ºa½ katv± uttarimpi ida½ vutta½ “pacchimappam±ºa½ adhiµµh±na½ rakkhat²”ti. Parikkh±raco¼e d²ghaso aµµhaªgule sugataªgulena tiriya½ caturaªgule yattha katthaci chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ vijahati. Mahante co¼e tato parena chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na vijahati. Esa nayo sabbesu adhiµµh±tabbakesu c²vares³”ti.

Tattha yasm± sabbesampi adhiµµh±tabbakac²var±na½ vikappanupagapacchimappam±ºato añña½ pacchimappam±ºa½n±ma natthi, yañhi nis²dana-kaº¹uppaµicch±di-vassikas±µik±na½ pam±ºa½ vutta½, ta½ ukkaµµha½, tato uttari paµisiddhatt± na pacchima½ tato heµµh± appaµisiddhatt±. Tic²varass±pi sugatac²varappam±ºato ³nakatta½ ukkaµµhappam±ºameva. Pacchima½ pana visu½ sutte vutta½ natthi. Mukhapuñchanapaccattharaºaparikkh±raco¼±na½ ukkaµµhaparicchedo natthiyeva. Vikappanupagapacchimena pana pacchimaparicchedo vutto. Tasm± ya½ t±va andhakaµµhakath±ya½ “pacchimappam±ºa½ adhiµµh±na½ rakkhat²”ti vatv± tattha parikkh±raco¼asseva sugataªgulena aµµhaªgulacaturaªgulapacchimappam±ºa½ dassetv± itaresa½ tic²var±d²na½ muµµhipañcak±dipabheda½ pacchimappam±ºa½ sandh±ya “esa nayo sabbesu adhiµµh±tabbakesuc²vares³”ti vutta½, ta½ na sameti.

Karav²katissattherav±depi d²ghantatoyeva chidda½ dassita½, tiriyantato na dassita½, tasm± so aparicchinno. Mah±sumattherav±de “pam±ºac²varassa yattha katthaci chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ bhindati, mahantassa pana pam±ºato bahi chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na bhindat²”ti vutta½. Ida½ pana na vutta½– “ida½ n±ma pam±ºac²vara½ ito uttari mahanta½ c²varan”ti. Apicettha tic²var±d²na½ muµµhipañcak±dibheda½ pacchimappam±ºanti adhippeta½. Tattha yadi pacchimappam±ºato bahi chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na bhindeyya, ukkaµµhapattass±pi majjhimapattassa v± omakappam±ºato bahi chidda½ adhiµµh±na½ na bhindeyya, na ca na bhindati. Tasm± ayampi v±do aparicchinno.

Yo pan±ya½ sabbapaµhamo aµµhakath±v±do, ayamevettha pam±ºa½. Kasm±? Paricchedasabbh±vato. Tic²varassa hi pacchimappam±ºañca chiddappam±ºañca chidduppattidesappam±ºañca sabba-aµµhakath±suyeva paricchinditv± vutta½, tasm± sveva v±do pam±ºa½. Addh± hi so bhagavato adhipp±ya½ anugantv± vutto. Itaresu pana neva paricchedo atthi, na pubb±para½ samet²ti.

Yo pana dubbalaµµh±ne paµhama½ agga¼a½ datv± pacch± dubbalaµµh±na½ chinditv± apaneti, adhiµµh±na½ na bhijjati. Maº¹alaparivattanepi eseva nayo. Dupaµµassa ekasmi½ paµale chidde v± j±te ga¼ite v± adhiµµh±na½ na bhijjati, khuddaka½ c²vara½ mahanta½ karoti, mahanta½ v± khuddaka½ karoti, adhiµµh±na½ na bhijjati. Ubho koµiyo majjhe karonto sace paµhama½ chinditv± pacch± ghaµeti, adhiµµh±na½ bhijjati. Atha ghaµetv± chindati, na bhijjati, rajakehi dhov±petv± seta½ k±r±pentass±pi adhiµµh±na½ adhiµµh±namev±ti Aya½ t±va “antodas±ha½ adhiµµheti vikappet²”ti ettha adhiµµh±ne vinicchayo.

Vikappane pana dve vikappan±– sammukh±vikappan± ca parammukh±vikappan± ca. Katha½ sammukh±vikappan± hot²ti? C²var±na½ ekabahubh±va½ sannihit±sannihitabh±vañca ñatv± “‘ima½ c²varan’ti v± ‘im±ni c²var±n²’ti v± ‘eta½ c²varan’ti v± ‘et±ni c²var±n²”’ti v± “tuyha½ vikappem²”ti vattabba½, ayamek± sammukh±vikappan±. Ett±vat± nidhetu½ vaµµati, paribhuñjitu½ pana vissajjetu½ v± adhiµµh±tu½ v± na vaµµati. “Mayha½ santaka½, mayha½ santak±ni paribhuñja v± vissajjehi v± yath±paccaya½ v± karoh²”ti eva½ pana vutte paccuddh±ro n±ma hoti. Tatopabhuti paribhog±dayopi vaµµanti.

Aparopi nayo– tatheva c²var±na½ ekabahubh±va½ sannihit±sannihitabh±vañca ñatv± tasseva bhikkhuno santike “‘ima½ c²varan’ti v± ‘im±ni c²var±n²’ti v± ‘eta½ c²varan’ti v± ‘et±ni c²var±n²”’ti v± vatv± pañcasu sahadhammikesu aññatarassa attan± abhirucitassa yassa kassaci n±ma½ gahetv± “‘tissassa bhikkhuno vikappem²’ti v± ‘tiss±ya bhikkhuniy±, sikkham±n±ya, tissassa s±maºerassa, tiss±ya s±maºeriy± vikappem²”’ti v± vattabba½, aya½ apar±pi sammukh±vikappan±. Ett±vat± nidhetu½ vaµµati, paribhog±d²su pana ekampi na vaµµati. Tena pana bhikkhun± “tissassa bhikkhuno santaka½…pe… tiss±ya s±maºeriy± santaka½ paribhuñja v± vissajjehi v± yath±paccaya½ v± karoh²”ti vutte paccuddh±ro n±ma hoti. Tatopabhuti paribhog±dayopi vaµµanti.

Katha½ parammukh±vikappan± hot²ti? C²var±na½ tatheva ekabahubh±va½ sannihit±sannihitabh±vañca ñatv± “‘ima½ c²varan’ti v± ‘im±ni c²var±n²’ti v± ‘eta½ c²varan’ti v± ‘et±ni c²var±n²”’ti v± vatv± “tuyha½ vikappanatth±ya damm²”ti vattabba½. Tena vattabbo– “ko te mitto v± sandiµµho v±”ti? Tato itarena purimanayeneva “tisso bhikkh³ti v±…pe… tiss± s±maºer²”ti v± vattabba½. Puna tena bhikkhun± “aha½ tissassa bhikkhuno damm²ti v±…pe… tiss±ya s±maºeriy± damm²”ti v± vattabba½, aya½ parammukh±vikappan±. Ett±vat± nidhetu½ vaµµati, paribhog±d²su pana ekampi na vaµµati. Tena pana bhikkhun± dutiyasammukh±vikappan±ya½ vuttanayeneva “itthann±massa santaka½ paribhuñja v± vissajjehi v± yath±paccaya½ v± karoh²”ti vutte paccuddh±ro n±ma hoti. Tatopabhuti paribhog±dayopi vaµµanti.

Dvinna½ vikappan±na½ ki½ n±n±karaºa½? Sammukh±vikappan±ya½ saya½ vikappetv± parena paccuddhar±peti Parammukh±vikappan±ya pareneva vikapp±petv± pareneva paccuddhar±peti, idamettha n±n±karaºa½. Sace pana yassa vikappeti, so paññattikovido na hoti, na j±n±ti paccuddharitu½, ta½ c²vara½ gahetv± aññassa byattassa santika½ gantv± puna vikappetv± paccuddhar±petabba½. Vikappitavikappan± n±mes± vaµµati. Aya½ “vikappet²”ti imasmi½ pade vinicchayo.

“Anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, tic²vara½ adhiµµh±tu½ na vikappetun”ti-±divacanato ca ida½ “vikappet²”ti avisesena vuttavacana½ viruddha½ viya dissati, na ca viruddha½ tath±gat± bh±santi. Tasm± evamassa attho veditabbo, tic²vara½ tic²varasaªkhepeneva pariharato adhiµµh±tumeva anuj±n±mi, na vikappetu½. Vassikas±µika½ pana c±tum±sato para½ vikappetumeva na adhiµµh±tu½. Evañca sati yo tic²vare ekena c²varena vippavasituk±mo hoti, tassa tic²var±dhiµµh±na½ paccuddharitv± vippav±sasukhattha½ vikappan±ya ok±so dinno hoti. Das±h±tikkame ca an±patt²ti etenup±yena sabbattha vikappan±ya appaµisiddhabh±vo veditabbo.

Vissajjet²ti aññassa deti. Katha½ pana dinna½ hoti, katha½ gahita½? “Ima½ tuyha½ demi dad±mi dajj±mi oºojemi pariccaj±mi nissajj±mi vissajj±m²ti v± “itthann±massa demi…pe… nissajj±m²”ti v± vadati, sammukh±pi parammukh±pi dinna½yeva hoti. “Tuyha½ gaºh±h²”ti vutte “mayha½ gaºh±m²”ti vadati, sudinna½ suggahitañca. “Tava santaka½ karohi, tava santaka½ hotu, tava santaka½ karissas²”ti vutte “mama santaka½ karomi, mama santaka½ hotu, mama santaka½ kariss±m²”ti vadati, duddinna½ duggahitañca. Neva d±t± d±tu½ j±n±ti, na itaro gahetu½. Sace pana “tava santaka½ karoh²”ti vutte “s±dhu, bhante, mayha½ gaºh±m²”ti gaºh±ti, suggahita½. Sace pana “eko gaºh±h²”ti vadati, itaro “na gaºh±m²”ti puna so “dinna½ may± tuyha½, gaºh±h²”ti vadati, itaropi “na mayha½ imin± attho”ti vadati. Tato purimopi “may± dinnan”ti das±ha½ atikk±meti, pacchimopi “may± paµikkhittan”ti. Kassa ±patt²ti? Na kassaci ±patti. Yassa pana ruccati, tena adhiµµhahitv± paribhuñjitabba½.

Yo pana adhiµµh±ne vematiko, tena ki½ k±tabba½? Vematikabh±va½ ±rocetv± sace anadhiµµhita½ bhavissati, eva½ me kappiya½ hot²ti vatv± vuttanayeneva nissajjitabba½. Na hi eva½ j±n±petv± vinayakamma½ karontassa mus±v±do hoti. Keci pana “ekena bhikkhun± viss±sa½ gahetv± puna dinna½ vaµµat²”ti vadanti, ta½ na yujjati. Na hi tasseta½ vinayakamma½, n±pi ta½ ettakena añña½ vatthu½ hoti.

Nassat²ti-±di utt±natthameva. Yo na dadeyya ±patti dukkaµass±ti ettha “mayha½ dinna½ imin±”ti im±ya saññ±ya na dentassa dukkaµa½. Tassa santakabh±va½ pana ñatv± lesena acchindanto bhaº¹a½ aggh±petv± k±retabboti.

Samuµµh±n±d²su ida½ sikkh±pada½ kathinasamuµµh±na½ n±ma k±yav±c±to ca k±yav±c±cittato ca samuµµh±ti, anadhiµµh±nena ca avikappanena ca ±pajjanato akiriya½, saññ±ya abh±vepi na muccati, aj±nantopi ±pajjat²ti nosaññ±vimokkha½, acittaka½, paººattivajja½, k±yakamma½, vac²kamma½, ticitta½, tivedananti.

Paµhamakathinasikkh±padavaººan± niµµhit±.