34. Nirodhasam±pattiñ±ºaniddesavaººan±

83. Nirodhasam±pattiñ±ºaniddese samathabalanti k±macchand±dayo paccan²kadhamme samet²ti samatho, soyeva akampan²yaµµhena bala½. An±g±mi-arahant±na½yeva sam±dhipaµipakkhassa k±macchandassa pah±nena sam±dhismi½ parip³rak±ribh±vappattatt± tesa½yeva sam±dhi balappattoti katv± “samathabalan”ti vuccati, na aññesa½. Sam±dhibalantipi p±µho. Vipassan±balanti anicc±divasena vividhehi ±k±rehi dhamme passat²ti vipassan±, s±yeva akampan²yaµµhena bala½. Tesa½yeva ubhinna½ balappatta½ vipassan±ñ±ºa½. Tattha samathabala½ anupubbena cittasant±nav³pasamanattha½ nirodhe ca paµip±danattha½, vipassan±bala½ pavatte ±d²navadassanattha½ nirodhe ca ±nisa½sadassanattha½.

N²varaºeti nimittatthe bhummavacana½, n²varaºanimitta½ n²varaºapaccay±ti attho. Karaºatthe v± bhummavacana½, n²varaºen±ti attho. Na kampat²ti jh±nasamaªg²puggalo. Atha v± jh±nanti jh±naªg±na½ adhippetatt± paµhamena jh±nena ta½sampayuttasam±dhi n²varaºe na kampati. Ayameva cettha yojan± gahetabb±. Uddhacce c±ti uddhaccasahagatacittupp±de uddhacce ca. Uddhaccanti ca uddhatabh±vo ta½ av³pasamalakkhaºa½. Uddhaccasahagatakilese c±ti uddhaccena sahagate ekupp±d±dibh±va½ gate uddhaccasampayutte moha-ahirika-anottappakilese ca. Khandhe c±ti uddhaccasampayuttacatukkhandhe ca. Na kampati na calati na vedhat²ti aññamaññavevacan±ni. Uddhacce na kampati, uddhaccasahagatakilese na calati, uddhaccasahagatakkhandhe na vedhat²ti yojetabba½. Vipassan±bala½ sattanna½yeva anupassan±na½ vuttatt± t±sa½yeva vasena vipassan±bala½ paripuººa½ hot²ti veditabba½. Avijj±ya c±ti dv±dasasupi akusalacittupp±desu avijj±ya ca. Avijj±sahagatakilese c±ti yath±yoga½ avijj±ya sampayuttalobhadosam±nadiµµhivicikicch±thina-uddhacca-ahirika-anottappakilese ca.

Vac²saªkh±r±ti vitakkavic±r±. “Pubbe kho, ±vuso vis±kha, vitakketv± vic±retv± pacch± v±ca½ bhindati, tasm± vitakkavic±r± vac²saªkh±ro”ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato v±ca½ saªkharonti upp±dent²ti vac²saªkh±r±. K±yasaªkh±r±ti ass±sapass±s±. “Ass±sapass±s± kho, ±vuso vis±kha, k±yik± ete dhamm± k±yapaµibaddh±, tasm± ass±sapass±s± k±yasaªkh±ro”ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato k±yena saªkhar²yant²ti k±yasaªkh±r±. Saññ±vedayitanirodhanti saññ±ya vedan±ya ca nirodha½. Cittasaªkh±r±ti saññ± ca vedan± ca. “Cetasik± ete dhamm± cittapaµibaddh±, tasm± saññ± ca vedan± ca cittasaªkh±ro”ti (ma. ni. 1.463) vacanato cittena saªkhar²yant²ti cittasaªkh±r±.

84. ѱºacariy±su anupassan±vas±ne, vivaµµan±nupassan±gahaºena v± tass± ±dibh³t± cariy±kath±ya ñ±ºacariy±ti vutt± ses±nupassan±pi gahit± hont²ti veditabba½. So¼asahi ñ±ºacariy±h²ti ca ukkaµµhaparicchedo, an±g±missa pana arahattamaggaphalavajj±hi cuddasahipi hoti paripuººabalatt±.

85. Navahi sam±dhicariy±h²ti ettha paµhamajjh±n±d²hi aµµha, paµhamajjh±n±d²na½ paµil±bhatth±ya sabbattha upac±rajjh±navasena ek±ti nava sam±dhicariy±. Balacariy±na½ ki½ n±natta½? Samathabalenapi hi “nekkhammavasen±”ti-±d²hi sattahi pariy±yehi upac±rasam±dhi vutto, peyy±lavitth±rato “paµhamajjh±navasen±”ti-±d²hi samasattatiy± v±rehi yath±yoga½ appan³pac±rasam±dhi vutto, sam±dhicariy±yapi “paµhama½ jh±nan”ti-±d²hi aµµhahi pariy±yehi appan±sam±dhi vutto. Paµhama½ jh±na½ paµil±bhatth±y±ti-±d²hi aµµhahi pariy±yehi upac±rasam±dhi vuttoti ubhayatth±pi appan³pac±rasam±dhiyeva vutto. Eva½ santepi akampiyaµµhena bal±ni vas²bh±vaµµhena cariy±ti veditabb±. Vipassan±bale pana satta anupassan±va “vipassan±balan”ti vutt±, ñ±ºacariy±ya satta ca anupassan± vutt±, vivaµµan±nupassan±dayo nava ca visesetv± vutt±. Ida½ nesa½ n±natta½. Satta anupassan± pana akampiyaµµhena bal±ni vas²bh±vaµµhena cariy±ti veditabb±.

“Vas²bh±vat± paññ±”ti (paµi. ma. 1.34 m±tik±) ettha vuttavasiyo vissajjetu½ vas²ti pañca vasiyoti itthiliªgavoh±rena vutta½. Vaso eva vas²ti vutta½ hoti. Puna puggal±dhiµµh±n±ya desan±ya t± vasiyo vissajjento ±vajjanavas²ti-±dim±ha. ¾vajjan±ya vaso ±vajjanavaso, so assa atth²ti ±vajjanavas². Eseva nayo sesesu. Paµhama½ jh±na½ yatthicchakanti yattha yattha padese icchati g±me v± araññe v±, tattha tattha ±vajjati. Yadicchakanti yad± yad± k±le s²tak±le v± uºhak±le v±, tad± tad± ±vajjati. Atha v± ya½ ya½ paµhama½ jh±na½ icchati pathav²kasiº±rammaºa½ v± ses±rammaºa½ v±, ta½ ta½ ±vajjati. Ekekakasiº±rammaºass±pi jh±nassa vasit±na½ vuttatt± purimayojan±yeva sundaratar±. Y±vaticchakanti y±vataka½ k±la½ icchati acchar±saªgh±tamatta½ satt±ha½ v±, t±vataka½ k±la½ ±vajjati. ¾vajjan±y±ti manodv±r±vajjan±ya. Dandh±yitattanti avasavattibh±vo, alasabh±vo v±. Sam±pajjat²ti paµipajjati, appet²ti attho. Adhiµµh±t²ti antosam±pattiya½ adhika½ katv± tiµµhati. Vuµµh±navasiya½paµhama½ jh±nanti nissakkatthe upayogavacana½, paµhamajjh±n±ti attho. Paccavekkhat²ti paccavekkhaºajavanehi nivattitv± passati. Ayamettha p±¼ivaººan±.

Aya½ pana atthappak±san±– paµhamajjh±nato vuµµh±ya vitakka½ ±vajjayato bhavaªga½ upacchinditv± pavatt±vajjan±nantara½ vitakk±rammaº±neva catt±ri pañca v± javan±ni javanti, tato dve bhavaªg±ni, tato puna vic±r±rammaºa½ ±vajjana½ vuttanayeneva javan±n²ti eva½ pañcasu jh±naªgesu yad± nirantara½ citta½ pesetu½ sakkoti, athassa ±vajjanavas² siddh±va hoti. Aya½ pana matthakappatt± vas² bhagavato yamakap±µih±riyeva labbhati. Ito para½ s²ghatar± ±vajjanavas² n±ma natthi. Aññesa½ pana antarantar± bhavaªgav±re gaºan± natthi. Mah±moggall±nattherassa nandopanandadamane viya s²gha½ sam±pattisam±pajjanasamatthat± sam±pajjanavas² n±ma. Acchar±matta½ v± dasacchar±matta½ v± khaºa½ sam±patti½ µhapetu½ samatthat± adhiµµh±navas² n±ma. Tatheva tato lahu½ vuµµh±nasamatthat± vuµµh±navas² n±ma. Paccavekkhaºavas² pana ±vajjanavasiy± eva vutt±. Paccavekkhaºajavan±neva hi tattha ±vajjan±nantar±n²ti. Iti ±vajjanavasiy± siddh±ya paccavekkhaºavas² siddh± hoti, adhiµµh±navasiy± ca siddh±ya vuµµh±navas² siddh± hoti. Eva½ santepi “aya½ pana matthakappatt± vas² bhagavato yamakap±µih±riyeva labbhat²”ti vuttatt± p±µih±riyak±le jh±naªgapaccavekkhaº±na½ abh±vato n±n±vidhavaºº±dinimm±nassa n±n±kasiºavasena ijjhanato ta½ta½kasiº±rammaºa½ jh±na½ sam±pajjituk±massa yath±ruci lahu½ tasmi½ kasiºe vuttanayena ±vajjanapavattanasamatthat± ±vajjanavas², tad±vajjanav²thiya½yeva tassa jh±nassa appan±samatthat±sam±pajjanasamatthat± sam±pajjanavas². Evañhi vuccam±ne yutti ca na virujjhati, vas²paµip±µi ca yath±kkameneva yujjati. Jh±naªgapaccavekkhaº±ya½ pana “matthakappatt±yeva pañca javan±n²”ti vuttatt± vuttanayena sattasupi javanesu javantesu paccavekkhaºavas²yeva hoti. Eva½ sante “paµhamajjh±na½ ±vajjat²”ti vacana½ na yujjat²ti ce? Yath± kasiºe pavatta½ jh±na½ k±raºopac±rena kasiºanti vutta½, tath± jh±napaccaya½ kasiºa½ “sukho buddh±namupp±do”ti-±d²su (dha. pa. 194) viya phalopac±rena jh±nanti vutta½. Yath±paricchinne k±le µhatv± vuµµhitassa nidd±ya pabuddhassa puna niddokkamane viya puna jh±nokkamane satipi adhiµµh±navas²yeva n±ma, yath±paricchedena vuµµhitassa pana vuµµh±neyeva adhiµµh±ne satipi vuµµh±navas² n±ma hot²ti aya½ tesa½ viseso.

Nirodhasam±pattiy± vibh±vanattha½ pana ida½ pañhakamma½– k± nirodhasam±patti, ke ta½ sam±pajjanti, ke na sam±pajjanti, kattha sam±pajjanti, kasm± sam±pajjanti, kathañcass± sam±pajjana½ hoti, katha½ µh±na½, katha½ vuµµh±na½, vuµµhitassa kinninna½ citta½ hoti, matassa ca sam±pannassa ca ko viseso, nirodhasam±patti ki½ saªkhat± asaªkhat± lokiy± lokuttar± nipphann± anipphann±ti?

Tattha k± nirodhasam±patt²ti? Y± anupubbanirodhavasena cittacetasik±na½ dhamm±na½ appavatti.

Ke ta½ sam±pajjanti, ke na sam±pajjant²ti? Sabbepi puthujjan± sot±pann± sakad±g±mino sukkhavipassak± ca an±g±m² arahanto na sam±pajjanti, aµµhasam±pattil±bhino pana an±g±mino ca kh²º±sav± ca sam±pajjanti.

Kattha sam±pajjant²ti? Pañcavok±rabhave. Kasm±? Anupubbasam±pattisabbh±vato. Catuvok±rabhave pana paµhamajjh±n±d²na½ uppattiyeva natthi, tasm± na sakk± tattha sam±pajjitu½.

Kasm± sam±pajjant²ti? Saªkh±r±na½ pavattibhede ukkaºµhitv± diµµheva dhamme acittak± hutv± “nirodha½ nibb±na½ patv± sukha½ vihariss±m±”ti sam±pajjanti.

Katha½ cass± sam±pajjana½ hot²ti? Samathavipassan±vasena ussakkitv± katapubbakiccassa nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatana½ nirodhayato evamass± sam±pajjana½ hoti. Yo hi samathavaseneva ussakkati, so nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatanasam±patti½ patv± tiµµhati. Yo vipassan±vaseneva ussakkati, so phalasam±patti½ patv± tiµµhati. Yo pana ubhayavasena ussakkitv± nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatana½ nirodheti, so ta½ sam±pajjat²ti ayamettha saªkhepo.

Aya½ pana vitth±ro– idha bhikkhu nirodha½ sam±pajjituk±mo katabhattakicco sudhotahatthap±do vivitte ok±se supaññatte ±sane nis²dati pallaªka½ ±bhujitv± uju½ k±ya½ paºidh±ya parimukha½ sati½ upaµµhapetv±. So paµhamajjh±na½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya tattha saªkh±re aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassati. Vipassan± panes± tividh± hoti– saªkh±rapariggaºhanakavipassan±, phalasam±pattivipassan±, nirodhasam±pattivipassan±ti. Tattha saªkh±rapariggaºhanakavipassan± mand± v± hotu tikkh± v±, maggassa padaµµh±na½ hotiyeva. Phalasam±pattivipassan± tikkh±va vaµµati maggabh±van±sadis±. Nirodhasam±pattivipassan± pana n±timand± n±titikkh± vaµµati. Tasm± esa n±timand±ya n±titikkh±ya vipassan±ya te saªkh±re vipassati. Tato dutiyajjh±na½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya tattha saªkh±re tatheva vipassati. Tato tatiyajjh±na½…pe… tato viññ±ºañc±yatana½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya tattha saªkh±re tatheva vipassati. Atha ±kiñcaññ±yatana½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya catubbidha½ pubbakicca½ karoti– n±n±baddha-avikopana½, saªghapaµim±nana½, satthupakkosana½, addh±naparicchedanti.

Tattha n±n±baddha-avikopananti ya½ imin± bhikkhun± saddhi½ ek±baddha½ na hoti, n±n±baddha½ hutv± µhita½ pattac²vara½ v± mañcap²µha½ v± niv±sageha½ v± añña½ v± pana kiñci parikkh±raj±ta½, ta½ yath± na vikuppati, aggi-udakav±tacora-und³r±d²na½ vasena na vinassati, eva½ adhiµµh±tabba½. Tatrida½ adhiµµh±navidh±na½– “idañcidañca imasmi½ satt±habbhantare m± aggin± jh±yatu, m± udakena vuyhatu, m± v±tena viddha½satu, m± corehi har²yatu, m± und³r±d²hi khajjat³”ti. Eva½ adhiµµhite ta½ satt±ha½ tassa na koci parissayo hoti, anadhiµµhahato pana aggi-±d²hi vinassati. Ida½ n±n±baddha-avikopana½ n±ma. Ya½ pana ek±baddha½ hoti niv±sanap±rupana½ v± nisinn±sana½ v±, tattha visu½ adhiµµh±nakicca½ natthi, sam±pattiyeva na½ rakkhati.

Saªghapaµim±nananti bhikkhusaªghassa paµim±nana½ udikkhana½. Y±va eso bhikkhu ±gacchati, t±va saªghakammassa akaraºanti attho. Ettha ca na paµim±nana½ etassa pubbakicca½, paµim±nan±vajjana½ pana pubbakicca½. Tasm± eva½ ±vajjitabba½– “sace mayi satt±ha½ nirodha½ sam±pajjitv± nisinne saªgho apalokanakamm±d²su kiñcideva kamma½ kattuk±mo hoti, y±va ma½ koci bhikkhu ±gantv± na pakkosati, t±vadeva vuµµhahiss±m²”ti. Eva½ katv± sam±panno hi tasmi½ samaye vuµµh±tiyeva. Yo pana eva½ na karoti, saªgho ca sannipatitv± ta½ apassanto “asuko bhikkhu kuhin”ti pucchitv± “nirodha½ sam±panno”ti vutte kañci bhikkhu½ peseti “gaccha ta½ saªghassa vacanena pakkos±”ti. Athassa tena bhikkhun± savan³pac±re µhatv± “saªgho ta½ ±vuso paµim±net²”ti vuttamatteyeva vuµµh±na½ hoti. Eva½garuk± hi saªghassa ±º± n±ma. Tasm± ta½ ±vajjitv± yath± sayameva vuµµh±ti, eva½ sam±pajjitabba½.

Satthupakkosananti idh±pi satthupakkosan±vajjanameva imassa pubbakicca½. Tasm± tampi eva½ ±vajjitabba½– “sace mayi satt±ha½ nirodha½ sam±pajjitv± nisinne satth± otiººe vatthusmi½ sikkh±pada½ v± paññapeti, tath±r³p±ya v± aµµhuppattiy± dhamma½ deseti. Y±va ma½ koci ±gantv± na pakkosati, t±vadeva vuµµhahiss±m²”ti. Eva½ katv± nisinno hi tasmi½ samaye vuµµh±tiyeva. Yo pana eva½ na karoti, satth± ca saªghe sannipatite ta½ apassanto “asuko bhikkhu kuhin”ti pucchitv± “nirodha½ sam±panno”ti vutte kañci bhikkhu½ peseti “gaccha ta½ mama vacanena pakkos±”ti. Athassa tena bhikkhun± savan³pac±re µhatv± satth± ±yasmanta½ ±mantet²”ti vuttamatteyeva vuµµh±na½ hoti. Eva½garukañhi satthupakkosana½. Tasm± ta½ ±vajjitv± yath± sayameva vuµµh±ti, eva½ sam±pajjitabba½.

Addh±naparicchedoti j²vitaddh±nassa paricchedo. Imin± hi bhikkhun± addh±naparicchede kusalena bhavitabba½. “Attano ±yusaªkh±r± satt±ha½ pavattissanti, na pavattissant²”ti ±vajjitv±va sam±pajjitabba½. Sace hi satt±habbhantare nirujjhanake ±yusaªkh±re an±vajjitv±va sam±pajjati, tassa nirodhasam±patti maraºa½ paµib±hitu½ na sakkoti. Antonirodhe maraºassa natthit±ya antar±va sam±pattito vuµµh±ti, tasm± eta½ ±vajjitv±va sam±pajjitabba½. Avasesañhi an±vajjitumpi vaµµati, ida½ pana ±vajjitabbamev±ti vutta½. So eva½ ±kiñcaññ±yatana½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya ima½ pubbakicca½ katv± nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatana½ sam±pajjati. Atheka½ v± dve v± cittav±re atikkamitv± acittako hoti, nirodha½ phusati. Kasm± panassa dvinna½ citt±na½ upari citt±ni nappavattant²ti? Nirodhassa payogatt±. Idañhi imassa bhikkhuno dve samathavipassan±dhamme yuganaddhe katv± aµµhasam±patti-±rohana½ anupubbanirodhassa payogo, na nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatanasam±pattiy±ti nirodhassa payogatt± dvinna½ citt±na½ upari nappavattanti.

Katha½ µh±nanti? Eva½ sam±pann±ya panass± k±laparicchedavasena ceva antar± ±yukkhayasaªghapaµim±nanasatthupakkosan±bh±vena ca µh±na½ hoti.

Katha½ vuµµh±nanti? An±g±missa an±g±miphalasam±pattiy± arahato arahattaphalasam±pattiy±ti eva½ dvedh± vuµµh±na½ hoti.

Vuµµhitassa kinninna½ citta½ hot²ti? Nibb±naninna½. Vuttañheta½– “saññ±vedayitanirodhasam±pattiy± vuµµhitassa kho, ±vuso vis±kha, bhikkhuno vivekaninna½ citta½ hoti vivekapoºa½ vivekapabbh±ran”ti (ma. ni. 1.464).

Matassa ca sam±pannassa ca ko visesoti? Ayampi attho sutte vuttoyeva. Yath±ha– “yo c±ya½, ±vuso, mato k±laªkato, tassa k±yasaªkh±r± niruddh± paµippassaddh±, vac²saªkh±r±, cittasaªkh±r± niruddh± paµippassaddh±, ±yu parikkh²ºo, usm± v³pasant±, indriy±ni paribhinn±ni. Yv±ya½ bhikkhu saññ±vedayitanirodha½ sam±panno, tassapi k±yasaªkh±r± niruddh± paµippassaddh±, vac²saªkh±r±, cittasaªkh±r± niruddh± paµippassaddh±, ±yu aparikkh²ºo, usm± av³pasant±, indriy±ni aparibhinn±n²”ti (ma. ni. 1.457).

Nirodhasam±patti ki½ saªkhat±ti-±dipucch±ya½ pana “saªkhat±”tipi “asaªkhat±”tipi “lokiy±”tipi “lokuttar±”tipi na vattabb±. Kasm±? Sabh±vato natthit±ya. Yasm± pana sam±pajjantassa vasena sam±panno n±ma hoti, tasm± nipphann±ti vattu½ vaµµati, no anipphann±ti.

“Iti sant± sam±patti, aya½ ariyanisevit±;
diµµheva dhamme nibb±namiti saªkhamup±gat±”ti.

Nirodhasam±pattiñ±ºaniddesavaººan± niµµhit±.