1. Paµhamasuttantaniddesavaººan±

Tathaµµhen±ti yath±sabh±vaµµhena. P²¼anaµµh±dayo ñ±ºakath±ya½ vuttatth±yeva.

9. Ekappaµivedh±n²ti ekena maggañ±ºena paµivedho, ekato v± paµivedho etesanti ekappaµivedh±ni. Anattaµµhen±ti catunnampi sacc±na½ attavirahitatt± anattaµµhena. Vuttañheta½ visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.567)– paramatthato hi sabb±neva sacc±ni vedakak±rakanibbutagamak±bh±vato suññ±n²ti veditabb±ni. Teneta½ vuccati–

“Dukkhameva hi, na koci dukkhito, k±rako na, kiriy±va vijjati;
atthi nibbuti, na nibbuto pum±, maggamatthi, gamako na vijjat²”ti. (Visuddhi. 2.567).

Atha v±–

“Dhuvasubhasukhattasuñña½, purimadvayamattasuññamamatapada½;
dhuvasukha-attavirahito, maggo iti suññat± tes³”ti. (Visuddhi. 2.567).

Saccaµµhen±ti avisa½v±dakaµµhena. Paµivedhaµµhen±ti maggakkhaºe paµivijjhitabbaµµhena. Ekasaªgahit±n²ti tathaµµh±din± ekekeneva atthena saªgahit±ni, ekagaºana½ gat±n²ti attho. Ya½ ekasaªgahita½, ta½ ekattanti yasm± ekena saªgahita½, tasm± ekattanti attho. Sacc±na½ bahuttepi ekattamapekkhitv± ekavacana½ kata½. Ekatta½ ekena ñ±ºena paµivijjhat²ti pubbabh±ge catunna½ sacc±na½ n±nattekatta½ sv±vatthita½ vavatthapetv± µhito maggakkhaºe ekena maggañ±ºena tathaµµh±dita½ta½ekatta½ paµivijjhati. Katha½? Nirodhasaccassa tathaµµh±dike ekatte paµividdhe sesasacc±nampi tathaµµh±dika½ ekatta½ paµividdhameva hoti. Yath± pubbabh±ge pañcanna½ khandh±na½ n±nattekatta½ sv±vatthita½ vavatthapetv± µhitassa maggavuµµh±nak±le aniccato v± dukkhato v± anattato v± vuµµhahantassa ekasmimpi khandhe anicc±dito diµµhe sesakhandh±pi anicc±dito diµµh±va honti, evamidanti daµµhabba½. Dukkhassa dukkhaµµho tathaµµhoti dukkhasaccassa p²¼anaµµh±diko catubbidho attho sabh±vaµµhena tathaµµho. Sesasaccesupi eseva nayo. Soyeva catubbidho attho att±bh±vato anattaµµho. Vuttasabh±ve avisa½v±dakato saccaµµho. Maggakkhaºe paµivijjhitabbato paµivedhaµµho vuttoti veditabba½.

10. Ya½ aniccanti-±di s±maññalakkhaºapubbaªgama½ katv± dassita½. Tattha ya½ anicca½, ta½ dukkha½. Ya½ dukkha½, ta½ aniccanti dukkhasamudayamagg± gahit±. T±ni hi t²ºi sacc±ni anicc±ni ceva aniccatt± dukkh±ni ca. Ya½ aniccañca dukkhañca, ta½ anatt±ti t±niyeva t²ºi gahit±ni. Ya½ aniccañca dukkhañca anatt± c±ti tehi t²hi saha nirodhasaccañca saªgahita½. Catt±ripi hi anatt±yeva. Ta½ tathanti ta½ saccacatukka½ sabh±vabh³ta½. Ta½ saccanti tadeva saccacatukka½ yath±sabh±ve avisa½v±daka½. Navah±k±reh²ti-±d²su “sabba½, bhikkhave, abhiññeyyan”ti (paµi. ma. 1.3; sa½. ni. 4.46) vacanato abhiññaµµhena, dukkhassa pariññaµµhe, samudayassa pah±naµµhe, maggassa bh±vanaµµhe, nirodhassa sacchikiriyaµµhe ±venikepi idha cat³supi saccesu ñ±tapariññ±sabbh±vato pariññaµµhena, catusaccadassanena pah±nasabbh±vato pah±naµµhena, catusaccabh±van±sabbh±vato bh±vanaµµhena, catunna½ sacc±na½ sacchikiriyasabbh±vato sacchikiriyaµµhen±ti niddiµµhanti veditabba½. Navah±k±rehi tathaµµhen±ti-±d²su paµhama½ vuttanayeneva yojan± k±tabb±.

11. Dv±dasahi ±k±reh²ti-±d²su tathaµµh±dayo ñ±ºakath±ya½ vuttatth±. Etesa½ niddesepi vuttanayeneva yojan± veditabb±.

12. Sacc±na½ kati lakkhaº±n²ti-±d²su upari vattabb±ni cha lakkhaº±ni saªkhat±saªkhatavasena dvidh± bhinditv± dve lakkhaº±n²ti ±ha. Tattha saªkhatalakkhaºañca asaªkhatalakkhaºañc±ti “t²ºim±ni, bhikkhave, saªkhatassa saªkhatalakkhaº±ni upp±do paññ±yati, vayo paññ±yati, µhitassa aññathatta½ paññ±yati. T²ºim±ni, bhikkhave, asaªkhatassa asaªkhatalakkhaº±ni na upp±do paññ±yati, na vayo paññ±yati, na µhitassa aññathatta½ paññ±yat²”ti (a. ni. 3.47-48) eva½ vutta½ saªkhatassa saªkhatamiti lakkhaºañca asaªkhatassa asaªkhatamiti lakkhaºañca. Saªkhata½ pana na lakkhaºa½, lakkhaºa½ na saªkhata½. Na ca saªkhata½ vin± lakkhaºa½ paññ±petu½ sakk±, napi lakkhaºa½ vin± saªkhata½. Lakkhaºena pana saªkhata½ p±kaµa½ hoti.

Puna tadeva lakkhaºadvaya½ vitth±rato dassento cha lakkhaº±n²ti ±ha. Saªkhat±na½ sacc±nanti dukkhasamudayamaggasacc±na½. T±ni hi paccayehi saªgamma katatt± saªkhat±ni. Upp±doti j±ti. Paññ±yat²ti j±n²yati. Vayoti bhaªgo. Ýhit±na½ aññathattanti µhitippatt±na½ aññath±bh±vo jar±. Tiººa½ saªkhatasacc±na½ nipphannatt± upp±davayaññathatta½ vutta½, tesa½yeva pana upp±dassa, jar±ya bhaªgassa ca anipphannatt± upp±davayaññathatta½ na vattabba½. Saªkhatanissitatt± upp±davayaññathatta½ na paññ±yat²ti na vattabba½. Saªkhatavik±ratt± pana saªkhatanti vattabba½. Dukkhasamuday±na½ upp±dajar±bhaªg± saccapariy±pann±, maggasaccassa upp±dajar±bhaªg± na saccapariy±pann±ti vadanti. Tattha “saªkhat±na½ upp±dakkhaºe saªkhat±pi upp±dalakkhaºampi k±lasaªkh±to tassa khaºopi paññ±yati, upp±de v²tivatte saªkhat±pi jar±lakkhaºampi k±lasaªkh±to tassa khaºopi paññ±yati, bhaªgakkhaºe saªkhat±pi jar±pi bhaªgalakkhaºampi k±lasaªkh±to tassa khaºopi paññ±yat²”ti khandhakavaggaµµhakath±ya½ (sa½. ni. aµµha. 2.3.37-38) vutta½. Asaªkhatassa saccass±ti nirodhasaccassa. Tañhi paccayehi sam±gamma akatatt± sayameva nipphannanti asaªkhata½. Ýhitass±ti niccatt± µhitassa, na µh±nappattatt±. Puna tadeva lakkhaºadvaya½ vitth±rato dassento dv±dasa lakkhaº±n²ti ±ha.

Catunna½ sacc±na½ kati kusal±ti-±d²su aby±katanti vip±k±by±kata½ kiriy±by±kata½ r³p±by±kata½ nibb±n±by±katanti cat³su aby±katesu nibb±n±by±kata½. Catt±ripi hi kusal±kusalalakkhaºena na by±katatt± aby±kat±ni. Siy± kusalanti k±m±vacarar³p±vacar±r³p±vacarakusal±na½ vasena kusalampi bhaveyya. Siy± akusalanti taºha½ µhapetv± ses±kusalavasena. Siy± aby±katanti k±m±vacarar³p±vacar±r³p±vacaravip±kakiriy±na½ r³p±nañca vasena. Siy± t²ºi sacc±n²ti-±d²su saªgahit±n²ti gaºit±ni. Vatthuvasen±ti akusalakusal±by±katadukkhasamudayanirodhamaggasaªkh±tavatthuvasena. Ya½ dukkhasacca½ akusalanti µhapetv± taºha½ avasesa½ akusala½. Akusalaµµhena dve sacc±ni ekasaccena saªgahit±n²ti im±ni dve dukkhasamudayasacc±ni akusalaµµhena ekasaccena saªgahit±ni, akusalasacca½ n±ma hot²ti attho. Ekasacca½ dv²hi saccehi saªgahitanti eka½ akusalasacca½ dv²hi dukkhasamudayasaccehi saªgahita½. Ya½ dukkhasacca½ kusalanti tebh³maka½ kusala½. Im±ni dve dukkhamaggasacc±ni kusalaµµhena ekasaccena saªgahit±ni, kusalasacca½ n±ma hoti. Eka½ kusalasacca½ dv²hi dukkhamaggasaccehi saªgahita½. Ya½ dukkhasacca½ aby±katanti tebh³makavip±kakiriy± r³pañca. Im±ni dve dukkhanirodhasacc±ni aby±kataµµhena ekasaccena saªgahit±ni, eka½ aby±katasacca½ n±ma hoti. Eka½ aby±katasacca½ dv²hi dukkhanirodhasaccehi saªgahita½. T²ºi sacc±ni ekasaccena saªgahit±n²ti samudayamagganirodhasacc±ni ekena akusalakusal±by±katabh³tena dukkhasaccena saªgahit±ni. Eka½ sacca½ t²hi saccehi saªgahitanti eka½ dukkhasacca½ visu½ akusalakusala-aby±katabh³tehi samudayamagganirodhasaccehi saªgahita½. Keci pana “dukkhasamudayasacc±ni akusalaµµhena samudayasaccena saªgahit±ni, dukkhamaggasacc±ni kusalaµµhena maggasaccena saªgahit±ni, na dassanaµµhena. Dukkhanirodhasacc±ni aby±kataµµhena nirodhasaccena saªgahit±ni, na asaªkhataµµhen±”ti vaººayanti.