1. K±masuttaniddesavaººan±

Tattha k±masutta½ ±di. Tasmimpi “k±ma½ k±mayam±nass±”ti g±th± ±di. S± uddesaniddesapaµiniddesavasena tidh± µhit±. “K±ma½ k±mayam±nass±”ti evam±di uddeso. “K±m±ti udd±nato dve k±m±– vatthuk±m± ca kilesak±m± c±”ti niddeso. “Katame vatthuk±m±? Man±pik± r³p±”ti evam±di paµiniddeso.
1. Tattha k±manti man±piyar³p±ditebh³makadhammasaªkh±ta½ vatthuk±ma½. K±mayam±nass±ti iccham±nassa. Tassa ceta½ samijjhat²ti tassa k±mayam±nassa sattassa ta½ k±masaªkh±ta½ vatthu samijjhati ce, sace so ta½ labhat²ti vutta½ hoti. Addh± p²timano hot²ti eka½sa½ tuµµhacitto hoti. Laddh±ti labhitv±. Maccoti satto. Yadicchat²ti ya½ icchati. Ida½ pana saªkhepato padatthasambandhamattameva, vitth±ro pana upari p±¼iya½ ±gatanayeneva veditabbo. Yath± ca imasmi½, eva½ ito para½ sabbesup²ti.
K±m±ti uddisitabbapada½. Udd±natoti niddisitabbapada½. Udd±natoti vaggavasena “macchudd±na½ kineyy±”ti ±d²su viya. Atha v± upar³pari d±nato udd±na½, uddha½ uddha½ sodhanato byavad±naµµhena vod±na½ viya. Vitth±rakaraºabh±vena v±. K±m± iti p±µhasesa½ katv± vattabba½. Dveti gaºanaparicchedo na eka½, na tayo. Vatthuk±m± c±ti man±piyar³p±divatthuk±m± ca. Upat±panaµµhena vib±dhanaµµhena ca kilesak±m± ca. Tesu vatthuk±mo pariññeyyo, kilesak±mo pah±tabbo. Tattha vatthuk±mo kilesak±mena patthayitabboti k±m²yat²ti k±mo. Kilesak±mo vatthuk±m±na½ pacc±s²sanassa k±raºabh±vena k±m²yate anen±ti k±mo. Tattha r³p±dikkhandhe saªgahito vatthuk±mo, saªkh±rakkhandhe saªgahito kilesak±mo. Chahi viññ±ºehi vij±nitabbo vatthuk±mo, manoviññ±ºena j±nitabbo kilesak±mo. Kiles±na½ patiµµhaµµhena k±raºaµµhena ±rammaºaµµhena ca vatthuk±mo.
“Nete k±m± y±ni citr±ni loke, saªkappar±go purisassa k±mo;
tiµµhanti citr±ni tatheva loke, athettha dh²r± vinayanti chandan”ti. (A. ni. 6.63).
Nandam±ºavaka- (dha. pa. aµµha. 1.68 uppalavaººatther²vatthu) soreyyaseµµhiputt±d²na½ (dha. pa. 43) vatth³ni cettha nidassana½. Kilesak±mo t±panaµµhena b±dhanaµµhena ca saya½ k±met²ti k±mo. Vuttampi ceta½ “ratto kho, br±hmaºa, r±gena abhibh³to pariy±dinnacitto attaby±b±dh±yapi ceteti, paraby±b±dh±yapi ceteti, ubhayaby±b±dh±yapi cetet²”ti ca “ratto kho, br±hmaºa, p±ºampi hanati, adinnampi ±diyati, parad±rampi gacchati, mus±pi bhaºat²”ti (a. ni. 3.54) ca evam±di nidassana½.
Tameva paµiniddesavasena vitth±retv± vattuk±mo– “katame vatthuk±m±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha katameti kathetukamyat±pucch±. Pañcavidh± hi pucch±, t±sa½ vibh±go upari p±¼iya½yeva ±vi bhavissati. T±su aya½ kathetukamyat±pucch±. Tattha man±pik±ti mana½ app±yanti vaddhent²ti man±p±, man±p± eva man±pik±. R³p±ti kammacitta-utu-±h±rasamuµµh±navasena catusamuµµh±nik± r³p±rammaº±. R³payant²ti r³p±, vaººavik±ra½ ±pajjam±n± hadayaªgatabh±va½ pak±sent²ti attho.
Tattha kenaµµhena r³panti? Ruppanaµµhena. Vuttañheta½ bhagavat±–
“Kiñca, bhikkhave, r³pa½ vadetha? Ruppat²ti kho, bhikkhave, tasm± ‘r³pan’ti vuccati. Kena ruppati? S²tenapi ruppati, uºhenapi ruppati, jighacch±yapi ruppati, pip±s±yapi ruppati, ¹a½samakasav±t±tapasar²sapasamphassenapi ruppati. Ruppat²ti kho, bhikkhave, tasm± ‘r³pan’ti vuccat²”ti (sa½. ni. 3.79).
Tattha ruppat²ti kuppati ghaµµ²yati p²¼²yati, bhijjat²ti attho. S²tena t±va ruppana½ lokantarikaniraye p±kaµa½. Mahi½sakaraµµh±d²supi himap±tas²talesu padesesu eta½ p±kaµameva. Tattha hi satt± s²tena bhinnachinnasar²r± j²vitakkhayampi p±puºanti.
Uºhena ruppana½ av²cimah±niraye p±kaµa½. Tattha hi tatt±ya lohapathaviy± nipajj±petv± pañcavidhabandhan±dikaraºak±le satt± mah±dukkha½ anubhavanti.
Jighacch±ya ruppana½ pettivisaye ceva dubbhikkhak±le ca p±kaµa½. Pettivisayasmiñhi satt± dve t²ºi buddhantar±ni kiñcideva ±misa½ hatthena gahetv± mukhe pakkhipant± n±ma na honti, anto-udara½ ±dittasusirarukkho viya hoti. Dubbhikkhe kañjikamattampi alabhitv± maraºasatt±na½ pam±ºa½ natthi.
Pip±s±ya ruppana½ k±lakañjik±d²su p±kaµa½. Tattha hi satt± dve t²ºi buddhantar±ni hadayatemanamatta½ v± jivh±temanamatta½ v± udakabindumpi laddhu½ na sakkonti. “P±n²ya½ piviss±m±”ti nadi½ gat±na½ jala½ v±luk±tala½ sampajjati. Mah±samudda½ pakkhant±nampi samuddo piµµhip±s±ºoyeva hoti. Te sussant± balavadukkhap²¼it± viravanti. Þa½s±d²hi ruppana½ ¹a½samakkhik±dibahulesu padesesu p±kaµa½. Ta½ pana– “katama½ ta½ r³pa½ sanidassana½? Sappaµighan”ti ±din± nayena abhidhamme (dha. sa. 656, 658) vitth±ritameva.
Sappant²ti sadd±, ud±har²yant²ti attho. Utucittavasena dvisamuµµh±nik± sadd±. Gandhayant²ti gandh±, attano vatth³ni s³cayant²ti attho. Rasanti te satt±ti ras±, ass±dent²ti attho. Phus²yant²ti phoµµhabb± Ete gandh±dayo catusamuµµh±nik±va Tesa½ vibh±go abhidhamme (dha. sa. 622-624) vitth±ritoyeva.
Tamevattha½ vitth±ravasena dassento “attharaº± p±vuraº±”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha attharitv± nipajjiyant²ti attharaº±. Sar²ra½ veµhetv± p±rup²yant²ti p±vuraº±. Antoj±t±dayo catt±ro d±s² ca d±so ca d±sid±s±. Khetta½ n±ma yasmi½ pubbaººa½ ruhati. Vatthu n±ma yasmi½ aparaººa½ ruhati. Yattha v± ubhayampi ruhati, ta½ khetta½. Tadatth±ya katabh³mibh±go vatthu. Khettavatthus²sena cettha v±p²ta¼±k±d²nipi saªgahit±ni. Hiraññanti kah±paºo. Suvaººanti j±tar³pa½. Tesa½ gahaºena loham±sako jatum±sako d±rum±sakoti sabbepi saªgaha½ gacchanti. G±manigamar±jadh±niyoti ekakuµik±di g±mo. ¾paºayutto nigamo. Ekassa rañño ±º±pavattiµµh±na½ r±jadh±n². Raµµhanti janapadekadesa½. Janapadoti k±sikosal±dijanapado. Kosoti catubbidho koso– hatth² asso ratho patti. Koµµh±g±ranti tividha½ koµµh±g±ra½– dhanakoµµh±g±ra½ dhaññakoµµh±g±ra½ vatthakoµµh±g±ra½. Ya½ kiñc²ti anavasesapariy±d±navacana½. Rajan²yanti rañjetu½ yuttaµµhena.
Ito para½ tikavasena dassetu½ at²tattika-ajjhattattikah²nattika-ok±sattikasa½yogattikak±m±vacarattikavasena chattike ±ha. Tattha at²tattike t±va attano sabh±va½ upp±d±dikkhaºa½ v± patv± atikkant±ti at²t±. Tadubhayampi na ±gat±ti an±gat±. Ta½ ta½ k±raºa½ paµicca uppann±ti paccuppann±. Ida½ bhavena paricchanna½. Paµisandhito hi paµµh±ya at²tabhavesu nibbatt± anantarabhave v± nibbatt± hontu kappakoµisatasahassamatthake v±, sabbe at²t±yeva n±ma. Cutito paµµh±ya an±gatabhavesu nibbattanak± k±m± anantarabhave v± nibbattantu kappakoµisatasahassamatthake v±, sabbe an±gat±yeva n±ma. Cutipaµisandhi-antare pavatt± k±m± paccuppann± n±ma.
Ajjhattattike “eva½ pavattam±n± maya½ att±ti gahaºa½ gamiss±m±”ti imin± viya adhipp±yena att±na½ adhik±ra½ katv± pavatt± attano sant±ne pavatt± p±µipuggalik± k±m± ajjhatt± k±m± n±ma. Tato bahibh³t± pana indriyabaddh± v± anindriyabaddh± v± bahiddh± n±ma. Tatiyapada½ tadubhayavasena vutta½.
H²nattike h²n±ti l±mak±. Majjhim±ti h²napaº²t±na½ majjhe bhav±ti majjhim±. Avases± uttamaµµhena paº²t±. Api ca up±d±yup±d±ya h²namajjhimapaº²tat± veditabb±. Nerayik±nañhi k±m± koµippatt± h²n± n±ma. Te up±d±ya tiracch±nesu n±gasupaºº±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Sesatiracch±nagat±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi k±m± h²n±. Te up±d±ya mahesakkhapet±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Avases±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya j±napad±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Paccantav±s²na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya g±mabhojak±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Tesa½ paric±rik±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya janapadas±mik±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Tesa½ paric±rik±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya padesar±j³na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Tesa½ amacc±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya cakkavattirañño k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Tassa amacc±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tassapi h²n±. Te up±d±ya bhummadev±na½ k±m± paº²t± n±ma. Tesa½ paric±rik±na½ dev±na½ k±m± majjhim± n±ma. Tesampi h²n±. Te up±d±ya c±tumah±r±jik±na½ dev±na½ k±m± paº²t±ti-±din± nayena y±va akaniµµhadev±na½ k±m± matthakappatt± paº²t± n±ma. Eva½ up±d±yup±d±ya h²namajjhimapaº²tat± veditabb±.
Ok±sattike ±p±yik± k±m±ti ava¹¹hisaªkh±tesu apagata-ayesu cat³su ap±yesu nibbattak±m± ±p±yik±. Manussesu nibbattak±m± m±nusik±. Devesu nibbattak±m± dibb±.
Sa½yogattike paccupaµµhit±na½ k±m±na½ paribhuñjanato µhapetv± nerayike sesa-ap±yasatt±na½ manuss±na½ c±tumah±r±jike deve up±d±ya y±va tusitak±yik±nañca dev±na½ k±m± paccupaµµhit± k±m± n±ma. Pakatipaµiyatt±rammaºato atirekena ramituk±mat±k±le yath±rucita½ ±rammaºa½ nimminitv± nimminitv± ramant²ti nimm±narat²na½ dev±na½ k±m± nimmit± k±m± n±ma. Attano ajjh±saya½ ñatv± parehi nimmite ±rammaºe sevant²ti paranimmitavasavatt²na½ k±m± paranimmit± k±m± n±ma. Pariggahit±ti “mayha½ etan”ti gahit± k±m±. Apariggahit±ti tath± apariggahit± uttarakuruk±na½ k±m±. Mam±yit±ti taºh±vasena “mama etan”ti gahit±. Amam±yit±ti vuttapaµipakkh±.
Sabbepi k±m±vacar± dhamm±ti “heµµhato av²ciniraya½ pariyanta½ karitv±”ti-±din± (dha. sa. 1287) nayena vuttesu k±m±vacaradhammesu pariy±pann±. Tatr±ya½ vacanattho– udd±nato dve k±m±, vatthuk±mo ca kilesak±mo c±ti. Tattha kilesak±mo atthato chandar±go. Vatthuk±mo tebh³maka½ vaµµa½. Kilesak±mo cettha k±met²ti k±mo. Itaro k±m²yat²ti. Yasmi½ pana padese duvidhopeso k±mo pavattivasena avacarati, so catunna½ ap±y±na½ manuss±na½ channañca devalok±na½ vasena ek±dasavidho padeso k±mo ettha avacarat²ti k±m±vacaro. Tattha pariy±pannadhamme sandh±ya “sabbepi k±m±vacar± dhamm±”ti vutta½. Attano sabh±va½ dh±rent²ti dhamm±. R³p±vacar± dhamm±ti “heµµhato brahmaloka½ pariyanta½ karitv± uparito akaniµµhe deve antokaritv±”ti-±din± (dha. sa. 1289) nayena vutt±na½ r³p±vacaradhamm±na½ vasena sabbepi dhamm± r³p±vacar±. Ar³p±vacar± dhamm±ti “heµµhato ±k±s±nañc±yatanupage deve pariyanta½ karitv± uparito nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatanupage deve antokaritv±”ti-±din± (dha. sa. 1291) nayena vutt± sabbepi ar³p±vacar± dhamm± Tattha r³pe avacarant²ti r³p±vacar±. Ar³pe avacarant²ti ar³p±vacar±. Taºh±vatthuk±ti patiµµhaµµhena k±raºaµµhena ca taºh±ya vatthubh³t±. Taºh±rammaº±ti taºh±pavattivasena taºh±ya ±rammaºabh³t±. K±man²yaµµhen±ti pacc±s²sitabbaµµhena. Rajan²yaµµhen±ti rañjetu½ yuttaµµhena. Madan²yaµµhen±ti kulamad±dimada½ upp±dan²yaµµhena.