8. Ki½sukopamasuttavaººan±

245. Aµµhame dassananti paµhamamaggasseta½ adhivacana½. Paµhamamaggo hi kilesapah±nakicca½ s±dhento paµhama½ nibb±na½ passati, tasm± dassananti vuccati. Gotrabhuñ±ºa½ pana kiñc±pi maggato paµhamatara½ passati, passitv± pana kattabbakiccassa kilesapah±nassa abh±vena na dassananti vuccati. Apica catt±ropi magg± dassanameva. Kasm±? Sot±pattimaggakkhaºe dassana½ visujjhati, phalakkhaºe visuddha½. Sakad±g±mi-an±g±mi-arahattamaggakkhaºe visujjhati, phalakkhaºe visuddhanti eva½ kathent±na½ bhikkh³na½ sutv± so bhikkhu “ahampi dassana½ visodhetv± arahattaphale patiµµhito dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±na½ sacchikatv± vihariss±m²”ti ta½ bhikkhu½ upasaªkamitv± eva½ pucchi. So phass±yatanakammaµµh±niko channa½ phass±yatan±na½ vasena r³p±r³padhamme pariggahetv± arahatta½ patto. Ettha hi purim±ni pañca ±yatan±ni r³pa½, man±yatana½ ar³pa½. Iti so attan± adhigatamaggameva kathesi.

Asantuµµhoti padesasaªkh±resu µhatv± kathitatt± asantuµµho. Eva½ kirassa ahosi– “aya½ padesasaªkh±resu µhatv± kathesi. Sakk± nu kho padesasaªkh±resu µhatv± dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±na½ p±puºitun”ti? Tato na½ pucchi– “±vuso, tva½yeva nu kho ida½ dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±na½ j±n±si, ud±hu aññepi j±nant± atth²”ti. Atth±vuso, asukavih±re asukatthero n±m±ti. So tampi upasaªkamitv± pucchi. Etenup±yena aññampi aññamp²ti.

Ettha ca dutiyo pañcakkhandhakammaµµh±niko r³pakkhandhavasena r³pa½, sesakkhandhavasena n±manti n±mar³pa½ vavatthapetv± anukkamena arahatta½ patto. Tasm± sopi attan± adhigatamaggameva kathesi. Aya½ pana “imesa½ aññamañña½ na sameti, paµhamena sappadesasaªkh±resu µhatv±va kathita½, imin± nippadeses³”ti asantuµµho hutv± tatheva ta½ pucchitv± pakk±mi.

Tatiyo mah±bh³takammaµµh±niko catt±ri mah±bh³t±ni saªkhepato ca vitth±rato ca pariggahetv± arahatta½ patto, tasm± ayampi attan± adhigatamaggameva kathesi. Aya½ pana “imesa½ aññamañña½ na sameti, paµhamena sappadesasaªkh±resu µhatv± kathita½, dutiyena nippadesesu, tatiyena atisappadeses³”ti asantuµµho hutv± tatheva ta½ pucchitv± pakk±mi.

Catuttho tebh³makakammaµµh±niko. Tassa kira samappavatt± dh±tuyo ahesu½, kallasar²ra½ balapatta½, kammaµµh±n±nipissa sabb±neva sapp±y±ni, at²t± v± saªkh±r± hontu an±gat± v± paccuppann± v± k±m±vacar± v± r³p±vacar± v± ar³p±vacar± v±, sabbepi sapp±y±va. Asapp±yakammaµµh±na½ n±ma natthi. K±lesupi purebhatta½ v± hotu pacch±bhatta½ v± paµhamay±m±dayo v±, asapp±yo k±lo n±ma natthi. Yath± n±ma c±ribh³mi½ otiººo mah±hatth² hatthena gahetabba½ hattheneva luñcitv± gaºh±ti, p±dehi paharitv± gahetabba½ p±dehi paharitv± gaºh±ti, evameva sakale tebh³makadhamme kal±pagg±hena gahetv± sammasanto arahatta½ patto, tasm± esopi attan± adhigatamaggameva kathesi. Aya½ pana “imesa½ aññamañña½ na sameti. Paµhamena sappadesasaªkh±resu µhatv± kathita½, dutiyena nippadesesu, puna tatiyena sappadesesu, catutthena nippadesesuyev±”ti asantuµµho hutv± ta½ pucchi– “ki½ nu kho, ±vuso, ida½ dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±na½ tumhehi attanova dhammat±ya ñ±ta½, ud±hu kenaci vo akkh±tan”ti? ¾vuso, maya½ ki½ j±n±ma? Atthi pana sadevake loke samm±sambuddho, ta½ niss±yeta½ amhehi ñ±tanti. So cintesi– “ime bhikkh³ mayha½ ajjh±saya½ gahetv± kathetu½ na sakkonti, aha½ sabbaññubuddhameva pucchitv± nikkaªkho bhaviss±m²”ti yena bhagav± tenupasaªkami.

Bhagav± tassa vacana½ sutv± “yehi te pañho kathito, te catt±ropi kh²º±sav±, sukathita½ tehi, tva½ pana attano andhab±lat±ya ta½ na sallakkhes²”ti na eva½ vihesesi. K±rakabh±va½ panassa ñatv± “atthagavesako esa, dhammadesan±ya eva na½ bujjh±pess±m²”ti ki½sukopama½ ±hari. Tattha bh³ta½ vatthu½ katv± evamattho vibh±vetabbo– ekasmi½ kira mah±nagare eko sabbaganthadharo br±hmaºavejjo paº¹ito paµivasati. Atheko nagarassa p±c²nadv±rag±mav±s² paº¹urogapuriso tassa santika½ ±gantv± ta½ vanditv± aµµh±si. Vejjapaº¹ito tena saddhi½ sammoditv± “kenatthena ±gatosi bhadramukh±”ti, pucchi. Rogenamhi, ayya, upadduto, bhesajja½ me katheh²ti. Tena hi, bho, gaccha, ki½sukarukkha½ chinditv±, sosetv± jh±petv±, tassa kh±rodaka½ gahetv± imin± cimin± ca bhesajjena yojetv±, ariµµha½ katv± piva, tena te ph±suka½ bhavissat²ti. So tath± katv± nirogo balav± p±s±diko j±to.

Athañño dakkhiºadv±rag±mav±s² puriso teneva rogena ±turo “asuko kira bhesajja½ katv± arogo j±to”ti sutv± ta½ upasaªkamitv± pucchi– “kena te, samma, ph±suka½ j±tan”ti. Ki½suk±riµµhena n±ma, gaccha tvampi karoh²ti. Sopi tath± katv± t±disova j±to.

Athañño pacchimadv±rag±mav±s²…pe… uttaradv±rag±mav±s² puriso teneva rogena ±turo “asuko kira bhesajja½ katv± arogo j±to”ti ta½ upasaªkamitv± pucchi “kena te, samma, ph±suka½ j±tan”ti? Ki½suk±riµµhena n±ma, gaccha tvampi karoh²ti. Sopi tath± katv± t±disova j±to.

Athañño paccantav±s² adiµµhapubbaki½suko eko puriso teneva rogena ±turo cira½ t±ni t±ni bhesajj±ni katv± roge av³pasamam±ne “asuko kira nagarassa p±c²nadv±rag±mav±s² puriso bhesajja½ katv± arogo j±to”ti sutv± “gacch±mahampi, tena katabhesajja½ kariss±m²”ti daº¹amolubbha anupubbena tassa santika½ gantv±, “kena te, samma, ph±suka½ j±tan”ti pucchi. Ki½suk±riµµhena samm±ti. K²diso pana so ki½sukoti. Jh±pitag±me µhitajh±math³ºo viy±ti. Iti so puriso attan± diµµh±k±renava ki½suka½ ±cikkhi. Tena hi diµµhak±le ki½suko patitapatto kh±ºukak±le diµµhatt± t±disova hoti.

So pana puriso sutamaªgalikatt± “aya½ ‘jh±pitag±me jh±math³ºo viy±’ti ±ha, amaªgalameta½ Etasmiñhi me bhesajje katepi rogo na v³pasamissat²”ti tassa veyy±karaºena asantuµµho ta½ pucchi– “ki½ nu kho, bho, tvaññeva ki½suka½ j±n±si, ud±hu aññopi atth²”ti. Atthi, bho, dakkhiºadv±rag±me asuko n±m±ti. So ta½ upasaªkamitv± pucchi, sv±ssa pupphitak±le diµµhatt± attano dassan±nur³pena “lohitako ki½suko”ti ±ha. So “aya½ purimena viruddha½ ±ha, k±¼ako lohitakato suvid³rad³re”ti tassapi veyy±karaºena asantuµµho “atthi pana, bho, aññopi koci ki½sukadass±v², yena ki½suko diµµhapubbo”ti? Pucchitv±, “atthi pacchimadv±rag±me asuko n±m±”ti vutte tampi upasaªkamitv± pucchi. Sv±ssa phalitak±le diµµhatt± attano dassan±nur³pena “ocirakaj±to ±dinnasip±µiko”ti ±ha. Phalitak±lasmiñhi ki½suko olambam±nac²rako viya adhomukha½ katv± gahita-asikoso viya ca sir²sarukkho viya ca lambam±naphalo hoti. So “aya½ purimehi viruddha½ ±ha, na sakk± imassa vacana½ gahetun”ti tassapi veyy±karaºena asantuµµho “atthi pana, bho, aññopi koci ki½sukadass±v², yena ki½suko diµµhapubbo”ti? Pucchitv±, “atthi uttaradv±rag±me asuko n±m±”ti vutte tampi upasaªkamitv± pucchi. So assa sañchannapattak±le diµµhatt± attano dassan±nur³pena “bahalapattapal±so sandacch±yo”ti ±ha. Sandacch±yo n±ma sa½sanditv± µhitacch±yo.

So “ayampi purimehi viruddha½ ±ha, na sakk± imassa vacana½ gahetun”ti tassapi veyy±karaºena asantuµµho ta½ ±ha, “ki½ nu kho, bho, tumhe attanova dhammat±ya ki½suka½ j±n±tha, ud±hu kenaci vo akkh±to”ti? Ki½, bho, maya½ j±n±ma? Atthi pana mah±nagarassa majjhe amh±ka½ ±cariyo vejjapaº¹ito, ta½ niss±ya amhehi ñ±tanti. “Tena hi ahampi ±cariyameva upasaªkamitv± nikkaªkho bhaviss±m²”ti tassa santika½ upasaªkamitv± ta½ vanditv± aµµh±si. Vejjapaº¹ito tena saddhi½ sammoditv±, “kenatthena ±gatosi bhadramukh±”ti pucchi. Rogenamhi, ayya, upadduto, bhesajja½ me katheth±ti. Tena hi, bho, gaccha, ki½sukarukkha½ chinditv± sosetv± jh±petv± tassa kh±rodaka½ gahetv± imin± cimin± ca bhesajjena yojetv± ariµµha½ katv± piva, etena te ph±suka½ bhavissat²ti. So tath± katv± nirogo balav± p±s±diko j±to.

Tattha mah±nagara½ viya nibb±nanagara½ daµµhabba½. Vejjapaº¹ito viya samm±sambuddho. Vuttampi ce ta½ “bhisakko sallakattoti kho, sunakkhatta, tath±gatasseta½ adhivacana½ arahato samm±sambuddhass±”ti (ma. ni. 3.65) cat³su dv±rag±mesu catt±ro vejjantev±sik± viya catt±ro dassanavisuddhipatt± kh²º±sav±. Paccantav±s² paµhamapuriso viya pañhapucchako bhikkhu. Paccantav±sino catunna½ vejjantev±sik±na½ kath±ya asantuµµhassa ±cariyameva upasaªkamitv± pucchanak±lo viya imassa bhikkhuno catunna½ dassanavisuddhipatt±na½ kh²º±sav±na½ kath±ya asantuµµhassa satth±ra½ upasaªkamitv± pucchanak±lo.

Yath± yath± adhimutt±nanti yena yen±k±rena adhimutt±na½. Dassana½ suvisuddhanti nibb±nadassana½ suµµhu visuddha½. Tath± tath± kho tehi sappurisehi by±katanti tena tenev±k±rena tuyha½ tehi sappurisehi kathita½. Yath± hi “k±¼ako ki½suko”ti kathento na añña½ kathesi, attan± diµµhanayena ki½sukameva kathesi, evameva chaphass±yatan±na½ vasena dassanavisuddhipattakh²º±savopi ima½ pañha½ kathento na añña½ kathesi, attan± adhigatamaggena dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±nameva kathesi.

Yath± ca “lohitako ocirakaj±to bahalapattapal±so ki½suko”ti kathentopi na añña½ kathesi, attan± diµµhanayena ki½sukameva kathesi, evameva pañcup±d±nakkhandhavasena catumah±bh³tavasena tebh³makadhammavasena dassanavisuddhipattakh²º±savopi ima½ pañha½ kathento na añña½ kathesi, attan± adhigatamaggena dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±nameva kathesi.

Tattha yath± k±¼akak±le ki½sukadass±vinopi ta½ dassana½ bh³ta½ taccha½ na tena añña½ diµµha½, ki½sukova diµµho, evameva chaphass±yatanavasena dassanavisuddhipattass±pi kh²º±savassa dassana½ bh³ta½ taccha½, na tena añña½ kathita½, attan± adhigatamaggena dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±nameva kathita½. Yath± ca lohitak±le ocirakaj±tak±le bahalapattapal±sak±le ki½sukadass±vinopi ta½ dassana½ bh³ta½ taccha½, na tena añña½ diµµha½, ki½sukova diµµho, evameva pañcup±d±nakkhandhavasena catumah±bh³tavasena tebh³makadhammavasena dassanavisuddhipattass±pi kh²º±savassa dassana½ bh³ta½ taccha½, na tena añña½ kathita½, attan± adhigatamaggena dassanavisuddhika½ nibb±nameva kathita½.

Seyyath±pi bhikkhu rañño paccantima½ nagaranti ida½ kasm± ±raddha½? Sace tena bhikkhun± ta½ sallakkhita½, athassa dhammadesanattha½ ±raddha½. Sace na sallakkhita½, athassa imin± nagaropamena tassevatthassa d²panatth±ya ±vibh±vanatth±ya ±raddha½. Tattha yasm± majjhimapadese nagarassa p±k±r±d²ni thir±ni v± hontu dubbal±ni v±, sabbaso v± m± hontu, cor±saªk± na honti, tasm± ta½ aggahetv± “paccantima½ nagaran”ti ±ha. Da¼huddh±panti thirap±k±ra½. Da¼hap±k±ratoraºanti thirap±k±rañceva thiratoraºañca. Toraº±ni n±ma hi purisubbedh±ni nagarassa alaªk±rattha½ kar²yanti, coraniv±raºatth±nipi hontiyeva. Atha v± toraºanti piµµhasaªgh±µasseta½ n±ma½, thirapiµµhasaªgh±µantipi attho. Chadv±ranti nagaradv±ra½ n±ma ekampi hoti dvepi satampi sahassampi, idha pana satth± chadv±rikanagara½ dassento evam±ha. Paº¹itoti paº¹iccena samann±gato. Byattoti veyyattiyena samann±gato visadañ±ºo. Medh±v²ti µh±nuppattikapaññ±saªkh±t±ya medh±ya samann±gato.

Puratthim±ya dis±y±ti-±dimhi bh³tamattha½ katv± evamattho veditabbo– samiddhe kira mah±nagare sattaratanasampanno r±j± cakkavatti rajja½ anus±sati, tasseta½ paccantanagara½ r±j±yuttavirahita½ atha puris± ±gantv± “amh±ka½, deva, nagare ±yuttako natthi, dehi no kiñci ±yuttakan”ti ±ha½su. R±j± eka½ putta½ datv± “gacchatha, eta½ ±d±ya tattha abhisiñcitv± vinicchayaµµh±n±d²ni katv± vasath±”ti. Te tath± aka½su. R±japutto p±pamittasa½saggena katip±heyeva sur±soº¹o hutv±, sabb±ni vinicchayaµµh±n±d²ni h±retv±, nagaramajjhe dhuttehi pariv±rito sura½ pivanto naccag²t±diratiy± v²tin±meti. Atha rañño ±gantv± ±rocayi½su.

R±j± eka½ paº¹ita½ amacca½ ±º±pesi– “gaccha kum±ra½ ovaditv±, vinicchayaµµh±n±d²ni k±retv±, puna abhiseka½ katv±, eh²”ti. Na sakk±, deva, kum±ra½ ovaditu½, caº¹o kum±ro gh±teyy±pi manti. Atheka½ balasampanna½ yodha½ ±º±pesi– “tva½ imin± saddhi½ gantv± sace so ov±de na tiµµhati, s²samassa chind±h²”ti. Iti so amacco yodho c±ti ida½ s²gha½ d³tayuga½ tattha gantv± dov±rika½ pucchi– “kaha½, bho, nagarassa s±mi kum±ro”ti. Esa majjhesiªgh±µake sura½ pivanto dhuttapariv±rito g²t±dirati½ anubhonto nisinnoti. Atha ta½ d³tayuga½ gantv± amacco t±vettha, “s±mi, vinicchayaµµh±n±d²ni kira k±retv± s±dhuka½ rajja½ anus±s±”ti ±ha. Kum±ro asuºanto viya nis²di. Atha na½ yodho s²se gahetv±, “sace rañño ±ºa½ karosi, kara, no ce, ettheva te s²sa½ p±tess±m²”ti khagga½ abb±hi. Paric±rak± dhutt± t±vadeva dis±su pal±yi½su. Kum±ro bh²to s±sana½ sampaµicchi. Athassa te tattheva abhiseka½ katv± setacchatta½ uss±petv± “samm± rajja½ anus±s±h²”ti raññ± vutta½ yath±bh³tavacana½ niyy±tetv± yath±gatamaggameva paµipajji½su. Imamattha½ ±vikaronto bhagav± “puratthim±ya dis±y±”ti ±ha.

Tatrida½ opammasa½sandana½– samiddhamah±nagara½ viya hi nibb±nanagara½ daµµhabba½, sattaratanasamann±gato r±j± cakkavatti viya sattabojjhaªgaratanasamann±gato dhammar±j± samm±sambuddho, paccantimanagara½ viya sakk±yanagara½, tasmi½ nagare k³µar±japutto viya imassa bhikkhuno k³µacittupp±do, k³µar±japuttassa dhuttehi pariv±ritak±lo viya imassa bhikkhuno pañcahi n²varaºehi samaªgik±lo, dve s²ghad³t± viya samathakammaµµh±nañca vipassan±kammaµµh±nañca, mah±yodhena s²se gahitak±lo viya uppannapaµhamajjh±nasam±dhin± niccala½ katv± cittaggahitak±lo, yodhena s²se gahitamatte dhutt±na½ dis±su pal±yitv± d³r²bh±vo viya paµhamajjh±namhi uppannamatte n²varaº±na½ d³r²bh±vo, “kariss±mi rañño s±sanan”ti sampaµicchitamatte vissaµµhak±lo viya jh±nato vuµµhitak±lo, amaccena rañño s±sana½ ±rocitak±lo viya sam±dhin± citta½ kammaniya½ katv± vipassan±kammaµµh±nassa va¹¹hitak±lo, tatthevassa tehi dv²hi d³tehi kat±bhisekassa setacchatta-uss±pana½ viya samathavipassan±kammaµµh±na½ niss±ya arahattappattassa vimuttisetacchattuss±pana½ veditabba½.

Nagaranti kho bhikkhu imasseta½ c±tumah±bh³tikassa k±yassa adhivacananti-±d²su pana c±tumah±bh³tikass±ti-±d²na½ pad±na½ attho heµµh± vitth±ritova. Kevala½ pana viññ±ºar±japuttassa niv±saµµh±natt± ettha k±yo “nagaran”ti vutto, tasseva dv±rabh³tatt± cha ±yatan±ni “dv±r±n²”ti, tesu dv±resu nicca½ suppatiµµhitatt± sati “dov±riko”ti, kammaµµh±na½ ±cikkhantena dhammar±jena pesitatt± samathavipassan± “s²gha½ d³tayugan”ti. Ettha mah±yodho viya samatho, paº¹it±macco viya vipassan± veditabb±.

Majjhe siªgh±µakoti nagaramajjhe siªgh±µako. Mah±bh³t±nanti hadayavatthussa nissayabh³t±na½ mah±bh³t±na½ Vatthur³passa hi paccayadassanatthameveta½ catumah±bh³taggahaºa½ kata½. Nagaramajjhe pana so r±jakum±ro viya sar²ramajjhe hadayar³pasiªgh±µake nisinno samathavipassan±d³tehi arahatt±bhisekena abhisiñcitabbo vipassan±viññ±ºar±japutto daµµhabbo. Nibb±na½ pana yath±bh³tasabh±va½ akuppa½ adhik±r²ti katv± yath±bh³ta½ vacananti vutta½. Ariyamaggo pana y±disova pubbabh±gavipassan±maggo, ayampi aµµhaªgasamann±gatatt± t±disoyev±ti katv± yath±gatamaggoti vutto. Ida½ t±vettha dhammadesanattha½ ±bhat±ya upam±ya sa½sandana½.

Tassevatthassa p±kaµ²karaºattha½ ±bhatapakkhe pana ida½ sa½sandana½– ettha hi chadv±r³pam± chaphass±yatanavasena dassanavisuddhipatta½ kh²º±sava½ dassetu½ ±bhat±, nagaras±mi-upam± pañcakkhandhavasena, siªgh±µak³pam± catumah±bh³tavasena, nagar³pam± tebh³makadhammavasena dassanavisuddhipatta½ kh²º±sava½ dassetu½ ±bhat±. Saªkhepato panimasmi½ sutte catusaccameva kathita½. Sakalenapi hi nagarasambh±rena dukkhasaccameva kathita½, yath±bh³tavacanena nirodhasacca½, yath±gatamaggena maggasacca½, dukkhassa pana pabh±vik± taºh± samudayasacca½. Desan±pariyos±ne pañhapucchako bhikkhu sot±pattiphale patiµµhitoti.