7. Mah±vaggo
1. Assutav±suttavaººan±
61. Mah±vaggassa paµhame assutav±ti khandhadh±tu-±yatanapaccay±k±rasatipaµµh±n±d²su uggahaparipucch±vinicchayarahito. Puthujjanoti puth³na½ n±nappak±r±na½ kiles±d²na½ janan±dik±raºehi puthujjano. Vuttañheta½– “puthu kilese janent²ti puthujjan±”ti sabba½ vitth±retabba½. Apica puth³na½ gaºanapathamat²t±na½ ariyadhammaparammukh±na½ n²cadhammasam±c±r±na½ jan±na½ antogadhatt±pi puthujjano, puthu v± aya½ visu½yeva saªkha½ gato, visa½saµµho s²lasut±diguºayuttehi ariyehi janoti puthujjano. Evametehi “assutav± puthujjano”ti dv²hipi padehi ye te–
“Duve puthujjan± vutt±, buddhen±diccabandhun±;
andho puthujjano eko, kaly±ºeko puthujjano”ti. (Mah±ni. 94).–
Dve puthujjan± vutt±, tesu andhaputhujjano gahito. Imasminti paccuppannapaccakkhak±ya½ dasseti. C±tumah±bh³tikasminti catumah±bh³tak±ye catumah±bh³tehi nibbatte catumah±bh³tamayeti attho. Nibbindeyy±ti ukkaºµheyya. Virajjeyy±ti na rajjeyya. Vimucceyy±ti muccituk±mo bhaveyya. ¾cayoti vu¹¹hi. Apacayoti parih±ni. ¾d±nanti nibbatti. Nikkhepananti bhedo.
Tasm±ti yasm± ime catt±ro vu¹¹hih±ninibbattibhed± paññ±yanti, tasm± ta½k±raº±ti attho. Iti bhagav± c±tumah±bh³tike k±ye r³pa½ pariggahetu½ ayuttar³pa½ katv± ar³pa½ pariggahetu½ yuttar³pa½ karoti. Kasm±? Tesañhi bhikkh³na½ r³pasmi½ g±ho balav± adhimatto, tena tesa½ r³pe g±hassa pariggahetabbar³pata½ dassetv± nikka¹¹hanto ar³pe patiµµh±panattha½ evam±ha. Cittanti-±di sabba½ man±yatanasseva n±ma½. Tañhi cittavatthut±ya cittagocarat±ya sampayuttadhammacittat±ya ca citta½, mananaµµhena mano, vij±nanaµµhena viññ±ºanti vuccati. N±lanti na samattho. Ajjhositanti taºh±ya gilitv± pariniµµhapetv± gahita½. Mam±yitanti taºh±mamattena mama idanti gahita½. Par±maµµhanti diµµhiy± par±masitv± gahita½. Eta½ mam±ti taºh±g±ho, tena aµµhasatataºh±vicarita½ gahita½ hoti. Esohamasm²ti m±nag±ho, tena nava m±n± gahit± honti. Eso me att±ti diµµhig±ho, tena dv±saµµhi diµµhiyo gahit± honti. Tasm±ti yasm± eva½ d²gharatta½ gahita½, tasm± nibbinditu½ na samattho. Vara½, bhikkhaveti ida½ kasm± ±ha? Paµhamañhi tena r³pa½ pariggahetu½ ayuttar³pa½ kata½, ar³pa½ yuttar³pa½, atha “tesa½ bhikkh³na½ r³pato g±ho nikkhamitv± ar³pa½ gato”ti ñatv± ta½ nikka¹¹hitu½ ima½ desana½ ±rabhi. Tattha attato upagaccheyy±ti att±ti gaºheyya. Bhiyyop²ti vassasatato uddhampi. Kasm± pana bhagav± evam±ha? Ki½ atirekavassasata½ tiµµham±na½ r³pa½ n±ma atthi? Nanu paµhamavaye pavatta½ r³pa½ majjhimavaya½ na p±puº±ti, majjhimavaye pavatta½ pacchimavaya½, purebhatte pavatta½ pacch±bhatta½, pacch±bhatte pavatta½ paµhamay±ma½, paµhamay±me pavatta½ majjhimay±ma½, majjhimay±me pavatta½ pacchimay±ma½ na p±puº±ti? Tath± gamane pavatta½ µh±na½, µh±ne pavatta½ nisajja½, nisajj±ya pavatta½ sayana½ na p±puº±ti. Eka-iriy±pathepi p±dassa uddharaºe pavatta½ atiharaºa½, atiharaºe pavatta½ v²tiharaºa½, v²tiharaºe pavatta½ vossajjana½, vossajjane pavatta½ sannikkhepana½, sannikkhepane pavatta½ sannirujjhana½ na p±puº±ti, tattha tattheva odhi odhi pabba½ pabba½ hutv± tattakap±le pakkhittatil± viya paµapaµ±yant± saªkh±r± bhijjant²ti? Saccameta½. Yath± pana pad²passa jalato j±t± ta½ ta½ vaµµippadesa½ anatikkamitv± tattha tattheva bhijjati, atha ca pana paveºisambandhavasena sabbaratti½ jalito pad²poti vuccati, evamidh±pi paveºivasena ayampi k±yo eva½ ciraµµhitiko viya katv± dassito. Rattiy± ca divasassa c±ti rattimhi ca divase ca. Bhummatthe heta½ s±mivacana½. Aññadeva uppajjati, añña½ nirujjhat²ti ya½ ratti½ uppajjati ca nirujjhati ca, tato aññadeva div± uppajjati ca nirujjhati c±ti attho. Añña½ uppajjati, anuppannameva añña½ nirujjhat²ti eva½ pana attho na gahetabbo. “Rattiy± ca divasassa c±”ti ida½ purimapaveºito parittaka½ paveºi½ gahetv± paveºivaseneva vutta½, ekaratti½ pana ekadivasa½ v± ekameva citta½ µh±tu½ samattha½ n±ma natthi. Ekasmiñhi acchar±kkhaºe anek±ni cittakoµisatasahass±ni uppajjanti. Vuttampi ceta½ milindapañhe–
“V±hasata½ kho, mah±r±ja v²h²na½, a¹¹hac³¼añca v±h±, v²hisattambaº±ni, dve ca tumb±, ekacchar±kkhaºe pavattassa cittassa ettak± v²h² lakkha½ µhap²yam±n± parikkhaya½ pariy±d±na½ gaccheyyun”ti.
Pavaneti mah±vane. Ta½ muñcitv± añña½ gaºh±ti, ta½ muñcitv± añña½ gaºh±t²ti imin± na so gaºhitabbas±kha½ alabhitv± bh³mi½ otarati. Atha kho tasmi½ mah±vane vicaranto ta½ ta½ s±kha½ gaºhantoyeva carat²ti ayamattho dassito. Evameva khoti ettha ida½ opammasa½sandana½– araññamah±vana½ viya hi ±rammaºavana½ veditabba½. Tasmi½ vane vicaraºamakkaµo viya ±rammaºavane uppajjanakacitta½. S±kh±gahaºa½ viya ±rammaºe lubbhana½. Yath± so araññe vicaranto makkaµo ta½ ta½ s±kha½ pah±ya ta½ ta½ s±kha½ gaºh±ti, evamida½ ±rammaºavane vicaranta½ cittampi kad±ci r³p±rammaºa½ gahetv± uppajjati, kad±ci sadd±d²su aññatara½, kad±ci at²ta½, kad±ci an±gata½ v± paccuppanna½ v±, tath± kad±ci ajjhatta½, kad±ci b±hira½. Yath± ca so araññe vicaranto makkaµo s±kha½ alabhitv± oruyha bh³miya½ nisinnoti na vattabbo, eka½ pana paººas±kha½ gahetv±va nis²dati, evameva ±rammaºavane vicaranta½ cittampi eka½ olubbh±rammaºa½ alabhitv± uppannanti na vattabba½, ekaj±tiya½ pana ±rammaºa½ gahetv±va uppajjat²ti veditabba½. Ett±vat± ca pana bhagavat± r³pato n²haritv± ar³pe g±ho patiµµh±pito, ar³pato n²haritv± r³pe. Id±ni ta½ ubhayato nikka¹¹hituk±mo tatra, bhikkhave, sutav± ariyas±vakoti desana½ ±rabhi. Aya½ panattho ±s²visadaµµh³pam±ya d²petabbo– eko kira puriso ±s²visena daµµho, athassa visa½ hariss±m²ti cheko bhisakko ±gantv± vamana½ k±retv± heµµh± garu¼o, upari n±goti manta½ parivattetv± visa½ upari ±ropesi. So y±va akkhippades± ±ru¼habh±va½ ñatv± “ito para½ abhiruhitu½ na dass±mi, daµµhaµµh±neyeva µhapess±m²”ti upari garu¼o, heµµh± n±goti manta½ parivattetv± kaººe dhumetv± daº¹akena paharitv± visa½ ot±retv± daµµhaµµh±neyeva µhapesi. Tatrassa µhitabh±va½ ñatv± agadalepena visa½ nimmathetv± nh±petv± “sukh² hoh²”ti vatv± yenak±ma½ pakk±mi. Tattha ±s²visena daµµhassa k±ye visapatiµµh±na½ viya imesa½ bhikkh³na½ r³pe adhimattag±hak±lo, cheko bhisakko viya tath±gato, manta½ parivattetv± upari visassa ±ropitak±lo viya tath±gatena tesa½ bhikkh³na½ r³pato g±ha½ n²haritv± ar³pe patiµµh±pitak±lo, y±va akkhippades± ±ru¼havisassa upari abhiruhitu½ adatv± puna mantabalena ot±retv± daµµhaµµh±neyeva µhapana½ viya satth±r± tesa½ bhikkh³na½ ar³pato g±ha½ n²haritv± r³pe patiµµh±pitak±lo. Daµµhaµµh±ne µhitassa visassa agadalepena nimmathana½ viya ubhayato g±ha½ n²haraºatth±ya imiss± desan±ya ±raddhak±lo veditabbo. Tattha nibbinda½ virajjat²ti imin± maggo kathito, vir±g± vimuccat²ti phala½, vimuttasminti-±din± paccavekkhaº±. Paµhama½.