Vimuttimaggapakaraŗa½
Ko so vimuttimaggo n±ma? Visuddhimaggo viya s²lasam±dhipańń±na½ visu½ visu½ vibhajitv± d²pako eko paµipattigantho. Tattha hi
S²la½ sam±dhi pańń± ca, vimutti ca anuttar±;
anubuddh± ime dhamm±, gotamena yasassin±ti [d². ni. 2.186; a. ni. 4.1]
Ima½ g±tha½ paµhama½ dassetv± tadatthavaŗŗan±vasena s²lasam±dhipańń±vimuttiyo visu½ visu½ vibhajitv± d²pit±. So pana gantho id±ni cinaraµµheyeva diµµho, cinabh±s±ya ca parivattito (1048-bu-va) saŖghap±lena n±ma bhikkhun±. Kena pana so kuto ca tattha ±n²toti na p±kaµameta½. Tassa pana saŖghap±lassa ±cariyo guŗabhadro n±ma mah±y±niko bhikkhu majjhima-indiyadesiko, so indiyaraµµhato cinaraµµha½ gacchanto paµhama½ s²ha¼ad²pa½ gantv± tato (978-bu-va) cinaraµµha½ gato. Tad± so tena ±n²to bhaveyya [vimuttimagga, visuddhimagga]. Tasmińhi vimuttimagge pubb±ciŗŗanid±nadassana½ dh±tunid±nadassanańca yatheva visuddhimagge ekaccev±do, tathev±gata½. Dosanid±nadassane pana semh±dhiko r±gacarito, pitt±dhiko dosacarito, v±t±dhiko mohacarito. Semh±dhiko v± mohacarito, v±t±dhiko r±gacaritoti tiŗŗampi r±gadosamoh±na½ dosaniyamo vutto. ¾cariyabuddhaghosena diµµhavimuttimaggapotthake pana pitt±dhiko dosacaritoti p±µho ³no bhaveyya. Ańń±nipi bah³ni visuddhimagge paµikkhitt±ni tattha vimuttimagge gahetabbabh±vena dissanti. Katha½? S²laniddese (1, 8-piµµhe) ańńe pana siraµµho s²lattho, s²talattho s²latthoti evam±din±pi nayenettha attha½ vaŗŗayant²ti paµikkhitto atthopi tattha gahetabbabh±vena dissati. Tath± dhutaŖganiddese (1, 78-piµµhe) yesampi kusalattikavinimutta½ dhutaŖga½, tesa½ atthato dhutaŖgameva natthi, asanta½ kassa dhunanato dhutaŖga½ n±ma bhavissati, dhutaguŗe sam±d±ya vattat²ti vacanavirodhopi ca nesa½ ±pajjati, tasm± ta½ na gahetabbanti paµikkhitta½ pańńattidhutaŖgampi tattha dissati. Mah±µ²k±ya½ (1-104) pana yesanti abhayagiriv±sike sandh±y±ha, te hi dhutaŖga½ n±ma pańńatt²ti vadant²ti vaŗŗita½. Tath± pathav²kasiŗaniddese (1, 144) paµipad±visuddhi n±ma sasambh±riko upac±ro, upekkh±nubr³han± n±ma appan±, sampaha½san± n±ma paccavekkhaŗ±ti evameke vaŗŗayant²ti-±din± paµikkhitta-ekev±dopi tattha dissati. Mah±µ²k±ya½ (1, 172) pana eketi abhayagiriv±sinoti vaŗŗita½. Tath± khandhaniddese (2, 80-piµµhe) balar³pa½ sambhavar³pa½ j±tir³pa½ rogar³pa½ ekacc±na½ matena middhar³panti eva½ ańń±nipi r³p±ni ±haritv± por±ŗaµµhakath±ya½ tesa½ paµikkhittabh±vo pak±sito. Mah±µ²k±ya½ ekacc±nanti abhayagiriv±s²nanti vaŗŗita½. Tesu j±tir³pa½ middhar³pańca vimuttimagge dassita½. Na kevala½ dassanamattameva, atha kho middhar³passa atthibh±vopi middha½ n±ma tividha½ ±h±raja½ utuja½ cittajańc±ti. Tesu cittajameva n²varaŗa½ hoti, ses± pana dve arahatopi bhaveyyunti-±din± s±dhito. Ett±vat± ca vimuttimagge visuddhimaggena asam±natth±na½ vuttabh±vo ca abhayagiriv±s²hi tassa ganthassa paµiggahitabh±vo ca sakk± ń±tu½. Ańń±nipi pana ²dis±ni asam±navacan±ni bah³ni tattha sa½vijjantiyeva, t±ni pana sabb±ni na sakk± idha dassetu½. Yebhuyyena panassa karaŗappak±ro visuddhimaggassa viya hoti. Y± y± hi p±¼i abhidhammavibhaŖgato v± paµisambhid±maggato v± ańńasuttantehi v± ±netv± s±dhakabh±vena visuddhimagge dassiyati, tatthapi s± s± p±¼i yebhuyyena dissateva. T±su kańcimatta½ uddharitv± anuminanatth±ya dassayiss±ma. Y± visuddhimagge (1, 47-piµµhe) pańca s²l±ni p±ŗ±tip±tassa pah±na½ s²lanti-±dik± paµisambhid±maggap±¼i dassit±, s± vimuttimaggepi dissateva. Yańca visuddhimagge (1, 137-piµµhe) sam±dhi k±macchandassa paµipakkho
pe
vic±ro vicikicch±y±ti vacana½ peµake vuttanti dassita½, tańca tatthapi tatheva dassetv± tipeµake vuttanti niddiµµha½. Tipeµaketi n±mańca peµakopadesameva sandh±ya vutta½ bhaveyya. Tattha hi vivicceva k±meh²ti p±µhasa½vaŗŗan±ya½ alobhassa p±rip³riy± k±mehi viveko sampajjati, adosassa. Amohassa p±rip³riy± akusalehi dhammehi viveko sampajjat²ti p±µhassa tipeµake vuttabh±vo dassito. So ca p±µho peµakopadese (262-piµµhe) tattha alobhassa p±rip³riy± vivitto hoti k±meh²ti-±din± dissati. Yath± ca visuddhimagge (1, 258-piµµhe) ayampi kho bhikkhave ±n±p±nassatisam±dhi bh±vitoti-±dik± p±¼i mah±vaggasa½yuttakato ±netv± dassit±, tatheva tatthapi. Yath± ca visuddhimagge (1, 272-piµµhe) ass±s±dimajjhapariyos±na½ satiy± anugacchatoti-±di p±¼i ca (1, 273-piµµhe) kakac³pamap±¼i ca paµisambhid±maggato ±netv± dassit±, tatheva tatthapi. Yath± ca visuddhimagge (2, 69-piµµhe) katam± cint±may± pańń±ti-±dik± ca p±¼i tattha katama½ ±yakosallanti-±dik± ca p±¼i (2, 71-piµµhe) dukkhe ń±ŗa½ atthapaµisambhid±ti-±dik± ca p±¼i abhidhammavibhaŖgato ±netv± dassit±, tatheva tatthapi. Sabb±pi ca tattha vutt± ekavidhaduvidh±dipańń±pabhedakath± visuddhimagge vuttakath±ya yebhuyyena sam±n±yeva.
Yena cakkhupas±dena, r³p±ni manupassati;
paritta½ sukhuma½ eta½, ³k±sirasam³pamanti [visuddhi. 2.436; dha. sa. aµµha. 596]
Ayampi g±th± vimuttimaggepi ±yasmat± s±riputtattherena bh±sitabh±veneva dassit±. Šk±sirasam³pamanti pada½ pana ³k±sam³pamanti tattha dissati, tańca paramparalekhak±na½ pam±dalekhamattameva siy±. Cat³su saccesu visuddhimagge viya vacanatthato lakkhaŗato an³n±dhikato kamato antogadh±na½ pabhedato upam±to ca vinicchayo dassito, so ca yebhuyyena visuddhimaggena [visuddhi. 2.530] sam±noyeva. Yath± ca visuddhimagge (2, 242-245) sammasanań±ŗakath±ya½ pańcanna½ khandh±na½ at²t±di-ek±dasavidhena ca anicc±dilakkhaŗattayena ca visu½ visu½ sammasananayo dassito, tatheva tatthapi. Cakkh±dijar±maraŗapariyos±nesu pana dhammesu dhammavic±rapariyos±n±na½ saµµhiy± eva dhamm±na½ anicc±dilakkhaŗattayena sammasananayo tattha dassito. Visuddhimagge pana diµµhivisuddhiniddese (2, 230-232-piµµhesu) vutt± yamaka½ n±mar³pańca
pe
ubho bhijjanti paccay±ti g±th± ca, na cakkhuto j±yareti-±dik± cha g±th±yo ca, na sakena balena j±yareti-±dik± cha g±th±yo ca vimuttimagge bhaŖg±nupassan±ń±ŗakath±ya½ dassit±. T±su appamattakoyeva p±µhabhedo dissati. Visuddhimagge (2, 261-2-piµµhesu) ar³pasattakesu ariyava½sakath±nayena vutto kal±pato ca yamakato ca sammasananayo vimuttimagge ettheva bhaŖg±nupassan±ń±ŗakath±ya½ dassito. Vimuttimagge buddh±nussatikath±ya½ lokavid³ti padassa atthavaŗŗan±ya½ sattalokasaŖkh±ralokavasena dveyeva lok± dassit±, na pana ok±saloko yath± visuddhimagge (1, 199-200-piµµhesu). Ett±vat± ca vimuttimaggo n±ma gantho k²disoti sakk± anuminitu½. So pana yath± na mah±vih±rav±s²na½ gantho hoti, eva½ mah±y±nik±nampi na hotiyeva therav±dapiµakameva niss±ya katabh±vato. Yasm± pana tattha na kińcipi s²ha¼ad²pika½ n±ma½ v± therav±do v± dissati, tasm± so s²ha¼ad²pe kataganthopi na hoti. Indiyaraµµhika½ pana n±mańca voh±ro ca tattha bah³su µh±nesu dissati, tasm± indiyaraµµhe kataganthova bhaveyya. Yasm± cassa peµakopadesa½ nissitabh±vo bah³su µh±nesu dissati, visesato pana middhar³passa atthibh±vo ca, arahatopi tassa atthibh±vo ca tameva niss±ya dass²yati, paµisambhid±maggagaŗµhipade ca peµaketi padassa [paµi. ma. aµµha. 1.1.36] atthavaŗŗan±ya½ suttantapiµakatth±ya aµµhakath± peµaka½ mahis±sak±na½ ganthoti vaŗŗito. Tasm± eso vimuttimaggo mahis±sakanik±yikena kato bhaveyy±ti amh±ka½ mati.