R³panibbattipassan±k±rakath±vaººan±

700. Sabbesanti k±m±vacar±di-aº¹aj±dibhedabhinn±na½ sabbesa½ satt±na½. Paµhama½ kammato nibbattati ta½m³lakatt± utuj±dir³p±na½. Parato pavattanakak±yadasak±divasena labbham±na½ pabandhattaya½, santatis²sa½ v± sandh±ya “tisantativasen±”ti vutta½.

Dandha½ manda½ cirena nirodho etass±ti dandhanirodha½ sattarasacittakkhaº±yukatt±. Ten±ha “garuparivatt²”ti. Ten±ti tasm±, yasm± “tato s²ghatara½ kho, bhikkhave, ±yusaªkh±r± kh²yant²”ti (sa½. ni. 2.228) vacanato r³padhamm±pi ittarak±l± eva, ar³padhamm± pana tehi s±tisaya½ ittarak±l±, tasm± ±ha bhagav±ti attho. Ya½ panettha vattabba½, ta½ heµµh± vic±ritameva. Tehi sadis±ti cittassa upp±dabhaªgakkhaºehi sadis±. Sabbesampi hi saªkh±r±na½ upp±dabhaªgakkhaºesu visadisat± natthi, sam±nak±l±va te. Ýh±nappattanti µhitikkhaºappatta½. Ten±ti dutiyabhavaªgacittena. Vatthur³pa½ ekassa cittassa nissayo hutv± aññassa na hoti µhapetv± maraº±sanna½, tasm± vutta½ “tena saddhin”ti-±di.

Eva½ paµisandhito paµµh±ya y±va cuticittassa uppatti, ta½ dassetv± id±ni nirodha½ dassetu½ “paµisandhicittass±”ti-±di ±raddha½. Tattha µh±nakkhaºeti paµisandhicittassa µhitikkhaºe. Y±va pavatti n±ma atth²ti y±va sa½s±rappavatti n±ma atthi, y±va v± cittassa pavatti n±ma atthi. Asaññ³papattiyañhi natthi cittappavatt²ti. R³p³papattiya½ sa½sedaj± opap±tikasadis±ti opap±tik±na½yeva gahaºa½. Opap±tik±namp²ti pi-saddena v± sa½sedaje sampiº¹eti. Sattasantativasen±ti cakkhudasak±d²na½ sattanna½ santatis²s±na½ vasena.

701. Tatth±ti kammato r³papavattiya½. N±n±kkhaºikakammapaccayabh³ta½yeva idha kammanti adhippetanti ±ha “kamma½ n±ma kusal±kusalacetan±”ti. J²vitanavaka½ cakkhudasak±di-antogadhameva katv± “samasattatir³pan”ti vutta½. Ta½ v± cakkhudasak±di viya sukhapariggaha½ na hot²ti. Tadev±ti yath±vutta½ vip±kakkhandhakaµatt±r³pam±ha. Kammañhi kammajassa janaka½, parip±cakampi hoti j²vitindriyassa, kammajaggino ca vasena anurakkhaºasabbh±vato, ±h±r±dipaµil±bhahetut±ya upatthambhakanimittato ca. Ten±ha “upatthambhakapaccayopi hot²”ti. Upatthambhakapaccayat± cassa upanissayapaccayavaseneva veditabb±. Kamma½ paccayo etass±ti kammapaccaya½, tadeva citta½, ta½ samuµµh±na½ etass±ti kammapaccayacittasamuµµh±na½. Vip±kacetasik±nampi kammapaccayacittasamuµµh±nat± vattabb±, na v± vattabb± kammasamuµµh±nakammapaccayaggahaºena gahitatt±. Ýh±nappatt± oj± añña½ ojaµµhamaka½ samuµµh±peti ±h±r±nugate sar²reti gahetabba½.

Tatr±p²ti kammasamuµµh±n±h±rasamuµµh±nepi ojaµµhamake. Catasso v± pañca v± pavattiyo ghaµet²ti sadisasantativasena catasso v± pañca v± r³pakal±pappavattiyo sant±neti. B±hirapaccayavisesena pana visadis± bah³pi pavattiyo ghaµet²ti vadanti. Yath± kammapaccay±h±rasamuµµh±ne paveºighaµan±, eva½ kammapaccaya-utusamuµµh±nep²ti ta½ dassetu½ “kammapaccaya-utusamuµµh±na½ n±m±”ti-±di vutta½. Ettha ca yath± tattha tattha koµµh±se paramparappavatti½ dassentena akammaj± dutiy±dipavattiyo asambhedena dassit±, eva½ kammaj±h±rasamuµµh±na-utuvasena, kammaja-utusamuµµh±n±h±ravasena, kammapaccayacittaj±h±ra-utusamuµµh±na-utu-±h±ravasena ca sambhedavasen±pi r³pappavatti dassetabb±ti vadanti. Tattha kammajato pavatta-±h±r± visesapaccayal±bhe sati yath±vuttaparim±º±hi pavatt²hi uddhampi pavattiyo na ghaµent²ti na sakk± vattu½. Tath± hi “dasa dv±dasa v±re pavatti½ ghaµet²”ti (visuddhi. 2.703), “eva½ d²ghampi addh±na½ anup±dinnapakkhe µhatv±pi utusamuµµh±na½ pavattati ev±”ti (visuddhi. 2.704) ca vakkhati.

702. Janak±janak± mat±ti purimak± tikoµµh±sasaªgahit± janak±, pacchimakoµµh±sik± “so¼as±”ti vutt± ajanak±ti mat± ñ±t±. Kusalakiriyatoti kusalato ca kiriyato ca. Iriy±ya k±yikakiriy±ya pavattiµµh±nat±ya pathabh±vato iriy±patho, gaman±di, atthato tadavatth± r³pappavatti. K±mañcettha r³pavinimutto iriy±patho, viññatti ca natthi, tath±pi na sabba½ r³pasamuµµh±pakacitta½ iriy±path³patthambhaka½, viññattivik±rupp±dakañca hoti. Ya½ pana citta½ viññattijanaka½, ta½ eka½sato itarassa janaka½ avin±bh±vato, tath± iriy±path³patthambhaka½ r³passa. Etassa visesassa dassanattha½ “r³pa½, iriy±patha½, viññattiñc±”ti samuccayo kato. Vip±kavajj±n²ti ettha vip±k±bhiññ±dvayavajj±n²ti vattabba½ tadaññesa½yeva sesaggahaºena gahetabbatt±. Na v± vattabba½ sesaggahaºeneva abhiññ±citt±nampi nivattetabbato. Na viññatti½ janayanti mahaggatakusal±d²na½ santabh±vena avipph±rikabh±vato. Vipph±rikameva hi k±m±vacarakusal±diviññatti½ samuµµh±peti, iriy±path³patthambhak±ni pana honti satipi santabh±ve jh±navegena sa-uss±hatt±, yato tesa½ javanakiccat±. Pañca bhavaªgacitt±n²ti sambandho. R³pameva janayanti, na iriy±patha½ niruss±hasantabh±vena paridubbalabh±vato. Kiriy±mayacittehi avimissabhavaªgappavattik±le khandh±disar²r±vayav±na½ niccalabh±ven±vaµµh±na½. Tath± hi abbokiººe bhavaªge pavattam±ne aªg±ni os²danti paviµµh±ni viya honti. “Dvatti½s±”ti pana ±din± vuttesu j±garaºacittesu vattam±nesu aªg±ni upatthaddh±ni yath±pavatta-iriy±pathabh±veneva pavattant²ti. Dvepañcaviññ±º±ni sabbadubbalat±ya r³pa½ na janenti. Paµisandhicitta½ vatthudubbalat±ya. Kh²º±sav±na½ cuticittanti ettha–

“K±m±vacar±na½ pacchimacittassa upp±dakkhaºe yassa cittassa anantar± k±m±vacar±na½ pacchimacitta½ uppajjissati, r³p±vacare ar³p±vacare pacchimabhavik±na½, ye ca r³p±vacara½ ar³p±vacara½ upapajjitv± parinibb±yissanti, tesa½ cavant±na½ tesa½ vac²saªkh±ro nirujjhissati, no ca tesa½ k±yasaªkh±ro nirujjhissat²”ti (yama. 2.saªkh±rayamaka.88)–

Pana vacanato aññesampi cuticitta½ r³pa½ na samuµµh±pet²ti viññ±yati. Na hi r³pasamuµµh±pakacittassa gabbhagatat±divibandh±bh±ve k±yasaªkh±r±samuµµh±pane k±raºa½ atthi, na ca yutta½ cuto ca cittasamuµµh±nar³pañcassa pavattati, n±pi “cuticitta½ r³pa½ samuµµh±pet²”ti p±¼i atthi, “kh²º±sav±nan”ti, pana visesana½ appaµisandhikanirodhena nirujjhantassa tesa½ cuticittassa r³pasamuµµh±pana½ p±kaµanti katv± katanti daµµhabba½. So¼asa citt±n²ti paricchijja gahaºa½ tesa½ r³pajanane eka½sato niyametabbatt±, aññ±ni pana bah³ni ar³pe uppann±ni anok±sagatatt± r³pa½ na janentiyeva. Na µhitikkhaºe, bhaªgakkhaºe v± r³pa½ janent²ti sambandho. Upp±dakkhaºe pana balava½ anantar±dipaccayal±bhato.

Yath± pathav²-±dayo r³padhamm± cittahetuk± cittasamuµµh±n±, eva½ vedan±dayop²ti vutta½ “cittasamuµµh±na½ n±ma tayo ar³pino khandh±, saddanavakan”ti-±di. Tenev±ha– “katame dhamm± cittasamuµµh±n±? Vedan±kkhandho saññ±kkhandho saªkh±rakkhandho k±yaviññatti vac²viññatt²”ti (dha. sa. 1201, 1535). Tattha k±yaviññatti-±d²na½ cittasamuµµh±nat± pariy±yato vutt±ti veditabb± tesa½ anipphannatt±. “Eva½ vutta½ catusamuµµh±nar³pan”ti imin± ata½samuµµh±nasseva cittajar³passa cittapaccayat± dassit±. Yath± pana kammapaccaya½ dassita½ eva½ cittapaccaye gayham±ne ta½samuµµh±nar³passa, sahaj±tavedan±d²nañca cittapaccayat± siy±. Cittasamuµµh±nacittapaccaye pana asaªkarato dassetu½ pacch±j±tapaccayavaseneva cittapaccaya½ uddhaµanti daµµhabba½. Cittasamuµµh±na-utu-±h±rehi kammasamuµµh±na-utu-±h±r± balavanto hont²ti tesa½ vasena catupañcapavattighaµana½ vutta½, cittasamuµµh±n±na½ pana vasena dvattippavattighaµana½ ta½p±katikacittavasena, mahaggat±nuttaracittavasena pana bahutar±pi pavattiyo icchitabb±. Ta½nibbatt±na½ cittajar³p±na½ u¼±rapaº²tabh±vato.

703. “Up±dinna½ kammajar³pa½ paccaya½ labhitv±”ti etena bahiddh± anup±dinna-oj± r³p±haraºakicca½ na karot²ti dasseti. Paccayal±bho cassa kammajabh³tasannissayat±vasen±ti ±ha “tattha patiµµh±y±”ti. Tattha kammapaccayacittasamuµµh±n±dir³passapi kammam³lakatt± siy± kammajapariy±yoti ta½nivattanattha½ “up±dinnan”ti visesetv± vutta½. ¾h±rapaccayassa ±h±ro na kevala½ upatthambhakova, atha kho janakop²ti dassetu½ “catusamuµµh±nar³pan”ti vutta½. “Dasa dv±dasa v±re”ti vatv± katha½ imasseva dasa dv±dasa v±re pavattighaµan±ti anuyoga½ sandh±y±ha “ekadivasa½ paribhutt±h±ro”ti-±di. D±rakassa sar²ra½ pharitv±ti n±bhim³l±nugat±hi rasaharaº²hi pharitv±, aññath± jal±bu-antarike k±ye makkhan±vasena na samm±viniyogo ±h±rassa sambhavat²ti.

Up±dinnako anup±dinnakoti duvidhe ±h±re pubbe anup±dinnako ±h±rapaccaya-±h±ro dassitoti itara½ dassetu½ “kammaj±h±ro”ti-±di vutta½. Ta½ kammapaccay±h±rasamuµµh±ne vuttanayameva. Ten±ha “catasso v± pañca v± pavattiyo ghaµet²”ti. ¾h±rapaccaya-utunopi utupaccay±h±rassa viya dasa dv±dasa v±re pavattighaµan± veditabb±. Vuttanayatt± na uddhatanti vadanti. Ses±nanti kammacitta-utusamuµµh±n±na½ tisantatir³p±na½. Kaba¼²k±r±h±ro hi aññ±h±rasamuµµhitassa, tisantatir³p±nañca upatthambhakavasena attan± upp±ditassa janako hutv± paccayo hoti. Eva½ ±h±rapaccayo hontoyeva atthi-avigatavasen±pi paccayo hoti, nissayabh±vo pana paµµh±nanayena natthi. ¾h±rapaccay± pavattam±n±ni r³p±ni ±h±ranissay±ni n±ma hont²ti suttantanayena vuttoti daµµhabbo. Parato utuno nissayajotan±yapi eseva nayo.

704. Kammasamuµµh±n±divasena catubbidh±yapi tejodh±tuy± r³pupp±dane samatthabh±vato “utu n±ma catusamuµµh±n± tejodh±t³”ti vutta½. Esa duvidho hot²ti esa utu tejodh±tubh±v±visesepi tikkhamandat±visesena uºho, s²toti duvidho hoti. Ya½ panettha vattabba½, ta½ heµµh± vic±ritameva. Yadipi utu up±dinnakena vin±pi r³pa½ samuµµh±peti, indriyabaddhe pana tena vin± tassa r³pupp±dana½ natth²ti ±ha “up±dinnaka½ paccaya½ labhitv±”ti. Ten±ha “catusamuµµh±no ut³”ti. Utusamuµµh±noyeva hi utu up±dinnakena vin± r³pa½ samuµµh±peti. Utupaccaya½ n±ma catusamuµµh±nika½ r³pa½. Yañhi utusamuµµh±na½ pannarasavidha½ r³pa½, yañca tadaññatisantatir³pa½, tassa sabbassapi sabh±go utu-upatthambhakapaccayo hot²ti. Yasm± visabh±go utu him±di viya padum±d²na½ visadisar³puppattihetubh³ta½ purimar³pa½ vin±senta½ viya hoti, tasm± sabh±ga½, visabh±gañca ekajjha½ gahetv± vutta½ “utu catusamuµµh±nikar³p±na½ pavattiy± ca vin±sassa ca paccayo hot²”ti.

D²ghampi addh±nanti “dasa dv±dasa v±re”ti aññassa vuttaparicchedato d²ghampi k±la½. Utu hi sabh±gasantativasena laddhapaccaya½ ciratarampi k±la½ sadis±k±ra½ r³pappavatti½ sant±neti up±dinnakasannissayena vin±, pageva itarath±. Ten±ha “anup±dinnapakkhe µhatv±p²”ti, ma½savinimuttakesalomanakhacammakhilatilak±divasena j²vam±nasar²re aññattha mataka¼evar±divasen±ti adhipp±yo. R³passa nibbattiy± diµµh±ya tassa bhaªgopi diµµhoyeva hoti ittarak±latt± dhammappavattiy±ti ±ha “nibbatti½ passanto k±lena r³pa½ sammasati n±m±”ti. Na hi nibbattimattadassana½ sammasana½ n±ma hoti, udayabbayadassanañca adhikatanti. Esa nayo ito paresupi nibbattiggahaºesu.