7. Paµµh±nam±tikatthavaººan±

Id±ni paµµh±nam±tik±ya atthasa½vaººan±nayo hoti. Kenaµµhena paµµh±nanti? N±nappak±rapaccayaµµhena. Pa-saddo hi n±nappak±rattha½ d²peti, µh±na-saddo paccayattha½. Atha v± vibhajanaµµhena paµµh±na½. Yath± hi paññ±pan± paµµhapan± vivaraº± vibhajan± utt±n²kammanti ±gataµµh±ne vibhajanaµµho paµµh±nasaddasam±nattho paµµhapan±-saddo dissati, evamidh±pi kusal±d²na½ dhamm±na½ hetupaccay±d²hi vibhajanato vibhajanaµµhena paµµh±na½ n±ma. Atha v± paµµhitaµµhena paµµh±na½, gamanaµµhen±ti attho. Sabbadhammesu hi asaªgagamanassa sabbaññutaññ±ºassa hetupaccay±dibhedabhinnesu kusal±d²su vitth±ritanayal±bhato nissaªgavasena pavattagamanatt± gamanaµµhena paµµh±na½ n±ma, iti n±nappak±rapaccayaµµhena, vibhajanaµµhena, gamanaµµhena ca tikapaµµh±n±d²su catuv²satiy± paµµh±nesu ekekampi paµµh±na½ n±ma, tesa½ pana sam³hato pakaraºa½ paµµh±na½ n±ma, tesa½ paµµh±n±na½ m±tik±. Sayampi v± paµµh±nabh³t± m±tik±, sabbampeta½ paµµh±nam±tik±. Y± s± “hetupaccayo, ±rammaºapaccayo…pe… avigatapaccayo”ti eva½ tikapaµµh±n±dicatuv²satippabhedasamantapaµµh±nadesan±ya m³labh³tapaccayabhedassa vasena bhagavat± pakaraºassa ±dimhi µhapit±, aya½ idha paµµh±nam±tik± n±ma.

Tattha anutt±natth±disahito saªkhepatthavinicchayo t±va eva½ veditabbo– hetupaccayoti-±d²su hi hetu ca so paccayo c±ti hetupaccayo, hetu hutv± paccayo hetupaccayo, hetubh±vena paccayoti vutta½ hoti. Tattha het³ti vacan±vayavak±raºam³l±nameta½ adhivacana½. “Paµiññ±het³”ti-±d²su hi loke vacan±vayavo “het³”ti vuccati, s±sane pana “ye dhamm± hetuppabhav±”ti-±d²su (mah±va. 60; apa. thera 1.1.286) k±raºa½, “tayo kusal± het³, tayo akusal± het³”ti-±d²su (dha. sa. 1059) m³la½, ida½ idha adhippeta½ ta½ paµicca etasm± et²ti paccayo, apaccakkh±ya na½ vattat²ti attho. Yo hi dhammo ya½ dhamma½ paµicca apaccakkh±ya tiµµhati v± uppajjati v±, so tassa upak±rakalakkhaºena paccayo n±ma. Iti m³laµµhena hetu, upak±rakaµµhena paccayoti saªkhepato m³laµµhena upak±rako dhammo hetupaccayo, kusal±d²na½ kusal±dibh±vas±dhakoti keci, eva½ sante pana ta½samuµµh±nar³pesu hetupaccayat± na sampajjati, ahetukacitt±nañca vin± etehi aby±katabh±vo siddho, sahetuk±nampi ca yonisomanasik±r±dipaµibaddho kusal±dibh±vo, na sampayuttahetupaµibaddho. Yadi ca siy±, het³supi kusal±dibh±vas±dhakena aññena bhavitabba½, kusal±dibh±vas±dhanavasena pana het³na½ m³laµµha½ aggahetv± suppatiµµhitabh±vas±dhanavasena gayham±ne na kiñci virujjhati. Laddhahetupaccay± hi dhamm± viru¼ham³l± viya p±dap± thir± honti suppatiµµhit±, itare pana tilab²jak±disev±l± viya na suppatiµµhit±, iti m³laµµhena upak±rakoti suppatiµµhitabh±vas±dhanena upak±rako dhammo hetupaccayoti veditabbo.

Niddese “het³ hetusampayuttak±na½ dhamm±na½ ta½samuµµh±n±nañca r³p±na½ hetupaccayena paccayo”ti vutta½, tattha “cittasamuµµh±n±nan”ti avatv± “ta½samuµµh±n±nan”ti ida½ acittasamuµµh±n±nampi saªgaºhanattha½. Pañh±v±rasmi½ hi “paµisandhikkhaºe vip±k±by±kat± het³ sampayuttak±na½ khandh±na½ kaµatt± ca r³p±na½ hetupaccayena paccayo”ti ±gata½, kasm± pan±ya½ hetu paµisandhiyameva kaµatt±r³p±na½ hetupaccayena paccayo hoti na pavatteti? Paµisandhiya½ kammajar³p±na½ cittapaµibaddhavuttit±ya, bhavapaµhamanip±tato cittaj±ti. Itarar³pasantati-uppatthambh±bh±vena eva dubbalavatthu½ cittameva niss±ya uppajjati ceva tiµµhati ca. Ta½ cittampi hi paµisandhikkhaºe kammavegakkhittat±ya ceva apurej±tavatthukat±ya ca appatiµµhita½, pap±te patitamattako puriso na kiñci sippa½ k±tu½ viya cittajar³pa½ janetu½ na sakkoti, tameva kaµatt±r³pa½ niss±ya patiµµh±ti. Paµisandhicitt±ni hi r³pa½ na janenti, kammajar³pameva pana tesa½ cittasamuµµh±nar³paµµh±ne tiµµhati, pavattiya½ pana paµiladdhupatthambhat±ya ta½ r³pa½ vin±pi kammapaµibaddh±va pavatti, hetupaccayassa panettha kusal±dibhedato, bh³mibhedato ca vibh±go heµµh± vuttanayeneva veditabboti aya½ hetupaccaye nayo.

Tato paresu ±rammaºabh±vena upak±rako dhammo ±rammaºapaccayo, so niddese “r³p±yatana½ cakkhuviññ±ºadh±tuy±…pe… phoµµhabb±yatana½ k±yaviññ±ºadh±tuy± ta½sampayuttak±nañca dhamm±na½…pe… r³p±yatana½ saddagandharasaphoµµhabb±yatana½ manodh±tuy±…pe… sabbe dhamm± manoviññ±ºadh±tuy±…pe… ya½ ya½ dhamma½ ±rabbha ye ye dhamm± uppajjanti cittacetasik± dhamm±, te te dhamm± tesa½ tesa½ dhamm±na½ ±rammaºapaccayena paccayo”ti eva½ niddiµµhatt± na koci dhammo na hoti. Yath± hi dubbalapuriso daº¹a½ v± rajju½ v± ±lambitv± uµµhahati ceva tiµµhati ca, eva½ cittacetasik± dhamm± r³p±d²su chasu ya½ kiñci ±lambitv± uppajjanti ceva tiµµhanti ca, tasm± lokiyalokuttar±dibhed± sabbepi dhamm± yath±yoga½ cittacetasik±na½ ±rammaºapaccayoti veditabboti aya½ ±rammaºapaccaye nayo.

Jeµµhakaµµhena upak±rako dhammo adhipatipaccayo, so niddese “chand±dhipati chandasampayuttak±na½ dhamm±na½ ta½samuµµh±n±nañca r³p±na½…pe… v²riyacittav²ma½s±dhipati…pe… adhipatipaccayena paccayo, ya½ ya½ dhamma½ garu½ katv± ye ye dhamm± uppajjanti cittacetasik± dhamm±, te te dhamm± tesa½ tesa½ dhamm±na½ adhipatipaccayena paccayo”ti eva½ dvidh± niddiµµho. Tattha chand±dayo sahaj±t±dhipatibh±vena vutt±, garuk±tabba½ ±rammaº±dhipatibh±vena. Tattha ca lokiyakusalabh³to ±rammaº±dhipati lokiyakusal±nañceva lobhasahagatacitt±nañca ±rammaº±dhipati hoti, n±ññassa, akusalabh³to pana lobhasahagatacittupp±doti vuccati itaresu garuk±tabbat±ya abh±vato, so dvihetuk±hetuk±dilokiyavip±kar³pakkhandhabh³to ca lobhasahagatasseva, n±ññassa, tath± kiriyabh³top²ti aµµhakath±ya½ ±gata½, ta½ ñ±ºasampayuttakiriy±na½ sabbaññutaññ±º±bhiññ±dipubbavasappavatt±na½ k±m±vacarakusalehi garuk±tabbabh±vass±virodhabh±vassa dassanato v²ma½sitabba½. Lokuttarakusal±ni pana k±m±vacarañ±ºasampayuttajavan±nameva ±rammaº±dhipatipaccay± honti, nibb±na½ pana tesaññeva lokuttarakusalavip±k±nañc±ti veditabbanti aya½ adhipatipaccaye nayo.

Anantarabh±vena upak±rako dhammo anantarapaccayo, sova samanantarapaccayo, byañjanamattameva n±na½ “upacayasantat²”ti-±d²su viya. Yampi “atth±nantarat±ya anantarapaccayo, k±l±nantarat±ya samanantarapaccayo”ti ±cariy±na½ mata½, ta½ “nirodh± vuµµhahantassa nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatanakusala½ phalasam±pattiy± samanantarapaccayena paccayo”ti-±d²hi virujjhati, ta½niddese “cakkhuviññ±ºadh±tu ta½sampayuttak± ca dhamm± manodh±tuy±…pe… k±yaviññ±ºadh±tu…pe… manodh±tu…pe… manoviññ±ºadh±tuy±…pe… purim± purim± kusal± dhamm± pacchim±na½ pacchim±na½ kusal±na½ dhamm±na½…pe… aby±kat±na½ dhamm±na½…pe… purim± purim± akusal± dhamm± pacchim±na½ pacchim±na½ akusal±na½…pe… aby±kat±na½…pe… yesa½ yesa½ dhamm±na½ anantar± ye ye dhamm± uppajjanti cittacetasik± dhamm±, te te dhamm± tesa½ tesa½ dhamm±na½ anantarapaccayena paccayo”ti imin± anantarapaccayaniddesasamako eva samanantarapaccayo niddiµµho aññatra n±man±n±tt±ti aya½ anantarasamanantarapaccayadvaye nayo.

Uppajjam±nova saha uppajjam±nabh±vena upak±rako dhammo sahaj±tapaccayo, so niddese “catt±ro khandh± ar³pino aññamañña½ sahaj±tapaccayena paccayo, catt±ro mah±bh³t± aññamañña½…pe… okkantikkhaºe n±mar³pa½ aññamañña½…pe… cittacetasik± dhamm± cittasamuµµh±n±na½ r³p±na½…pe… mah±bh³t± up±d±r³p±na½…pe… r³pino dhamm± ar³p²na½ dhamm±na½ kiñcik±le sahaj±tapaccayena paccayo, kiñcik±le nasahaj±tapaccayena paccayo”ti eva½ chabbidho niddiµµho. Tattha aññamaññanti imin± tesa½ dhamm±na½ ekakkhaºe paccayabh±vañceva paccayuppannabh±vañca d²peti, paµisandhikkhaºe vatthur³pa½ r³pa½ n±ma. Cittacetasik±ti pavattiya½ catt±ro khandh±, paµisandhiyamp²ti keci tattha kaµatt±r³p±nampi cittasamuµµh±ne paviµµhatt±. Tesa½ hi paµisandhicittacetasik± sahaj±tapaccay± hontiyeva, t±ni pana vatthuvirahit±ni r³p±ni pavattiya½ cittasamuµµh±n±na½ viya cittacetasik±na½ paccayattha½ na pharanti, tasm± “aññamaññan”ti na vutta½, tath± bh³t±na½ up±d±r³pa½. Eva½ hi agayham±ne paµisandhiya½ kaµatt±r³p±na½ sahaj±t± n±ma nissayat± na vutt±ti sahaj±tapaccayaniddeso aparipuººo eva siy±. Kiñcik±leti idampi okkantikkhaºe hadayavatthumeva sandh±ya vuttatt± tatiyakoµµh±sameva bhajat²ti atthato aya½ paccayo pañcavidhoti aya½ sahaj±tapaccaye nayo.

Aññamañña½ upp±danupatthambhanabh±vena upak±rako dhammo aññamaññapaccayo tidaº¹aka½ viya. So niddese “catt±ro khandh± ar³pino aññamaññapaccayena paccayo, catt±ro mah±bh³t±…pe… okkantikkhaºe n±mar³pa½ aññamaññapaccayena paccayo”ti eva½ tidh± niddiµµhoti aya½ aññamaññapaccaye nayo.

Adhiµµh±n±k±rena, nissay±k±rena ca upak±rako dhammo nissayapaccayo tarucittakamm±d²na½ pathav²paµ±dayo viya, so niddese sahaj±tapaccaye viya chadh±va niddiµµho. Chaµµho panettha koµµh±so “cakkh±yatana½ cakkhuviññ±ºadh±tuy±, sotagh±najivh±k±y±yatana½ k±yaviññ±ºadh±tuy±…pe… ya½ r³pa½ niss±ya manodh±tu ca manoviññ±ºadh±tu ca vattanti, ta½ r³pa½ manodh±tuy± ca manoviññ±ºadh±tuy± ca ta½sampayuttak±nañca dhamm±na½ nissayapaccayena paccayo”ti eva½ purej±tanissayadassanavasena vibhatto, sesa½ t±disameva. Tattha r³panti hadayavatthu.

Upanissayapaccayoti ettha pan±ya½ vacanattho– tadadh²navuttit±ya attano phalena nissito, nappaµikkhittoti nissayo, yath± pana bhuso ±y±so up±y±so, eva½ bhuso nissayo upanissayo, balavak±raºasseta½ adhivacana½, tasm± balavak±raºabh±vena upak±rako dhammo upanissayapaccayoti veditabbo. So ±rammaº³panissayo anantar³panissayo pakat³panissayoti tividho hoti. Tattha ±rammaº³panissayo t±va ±rammaº±dhipatin± saddhi½ n±natta½ akatv± vibhatto. Tattha ya½ ±rammaºa½ garu½ katv± cittacetasik± uppajjanti, ta½ niyamato tesa½ ±rammaºesu balav±rammaºa½ hoti, iti garuk±tabbamattaµµhena ±rammaº±dhipati, balavak±raºaµµhena ±rammaº³panissayoti evametesa½ n±natta½ veditabba½.

Anantar³panissayopi anantarapaccayena n±natta½ akatv±va vibhatto, eva½ santepi attano attano anantara½ anur³passa cittupp±dassa pavattanasamatthat±ya anantarat±, purimacittassa pacchimacittupp±dane balavat±ya anantar³panissayat± ca veditabb±. Yath± hi hetupaccay±d²su kañci dhamma½ vin±pi citta½ uppajjati, na eva½ anantaracitta½ vin± cittassa uppatti n±ma atthi, tasm± balavapaccayo hoti, iti balavak±raºaµµhena anantarova anantar³panissayoti evametesa½ n±natta½ veditabba½.