23. Tev²satimo paricchedo

Kilesappah±nakath±vaººan±

1375. Id±ni imiss±yeva catutthañ±º±ya ñ±ºadassanavisuddhiy± ±nubh±vavij±nanattha½ yena ye dhamm± pah±tabb±, tesa½ pah±nañca abhisamayak±le pariññ±dikicc±ni ca dassetu½ “etesu yena ye dhamm±”ti-±di ±raddha½ Ye dhamm±ti ye sa½kilesadhamm±. Sa½yojan±d²su khandhehi khandh±na½, phalena kammassa, dukkhena v± satt±na½ sa½yojanaµµhena bandhanaµµhena sa½yojan±ni. Sampayuttadhamm±na½ vib±dhanaµµhena, upat±panaµµhena, sa½kiliµµhat±ya ca kiles±. Abhinives±divasena micch±vipar²ta½ pavattanato micch±sabh±v±ti micchatt±. Loke dhamm±, lokapariy±pann± dhamm±, lokappavattiya½ sati anuparamadhammatt± v±ti lokadhamm±. Maccherassa bh±vo, kamma½ v±ti macchariya½. Vipar²taµµhena vipall±s±. N±mak±yassa ca r³pak±yassa ca ganthanato ganth±. Ariyehi agantabb±, ayutt± gat²ti v± agati. ¾savant²ti ±sav±, ±bhavaggato sabbamok±saloka½, ±gotrabhuto sabbe dhamme by±petv± pavattant²ti attho, ±savanti sa½s±radukkhanti v± ±sav±, cakkh±d²hi v± sa½var±sa½varadv±rehi sattasant±ne ±savanti vaºato y³s±ni sandanti viy±ti ±sav±, ±savanti v± etehi citt±ni visayes³ti ±sav±. Sa½s±ramah±s±garappattihananato ogh± viy±ti ogh±. Heµµh± vuttanayena yojanato yog±. Niv±renti lokiyalokuttaraguºavises±dhigamanti n²varaº±ni. Anicc±didhammasabh±va½ atikkamma parato asabh±vato ±masant²ti par±m±s±. Maº¹³ka½ pannago viya ±rammaºa½ bhusa½ ±diyant²ti up±d±n±ni. Appah²nabh±vena sattasant±ne anusenti m³sikavisa½ viya anur³pak±raºa½ labhitv± uppajjant²ti anusay±. Cittassa mal²nabh±vakaraºaµµhena mal±. Akusalakamm±ni ca t±ni duggat²na½ path± c±ti akusalakammapath±. Idha pana kammapathabh±va½ appatt±na½ ta½sabh±vato gahaºa½ daµµhabba½. Citta½ uppajjati etth±ti cittupp±do, cetasikar±si, akusalo ca so cittupp±do c±ti akusalacittupp±do.

K±mabhavato uparikoµµh±sabh±vato tatiyamaggappattiy± uddha½ bhajitabbato, sevitabbato c±ti uddhambh±g±, r³p±r³pabhav±, tesa½ hit±ni tatthuppajjanakhandh±diyojanatoti uddhambh±giy±ni, t±niyeva sa½yojan±n²ti uddhambh±giyasa½yojan±ni. R³p±r³pabhavato heµµhimakoµµh±sabh±vato tatthupp±dakiles±na½ appah²nabh±vena tatiyamaggappattiy± heµµh± bhajitabbato v± adhobh±g±, k±mabhav±, tesa½ hit±ni sa½yojan±n²ti adhobh±giyasa½yojan±n²ti.

Imesu pana dasasu r³pabhavasa½yojana½, ar³pabhavasa½yojana½, k±mabhavasa½yojanañca atthato lobhova, sakk±yadiµµhis²labbatapar±m±s±pi diµµhiyeva, tasm± dhammato satta sa½yojan±ni.

Micch±saªkappo micch±v±y±mo micch±sam±dh²ti tath± pavatt±na½ vitakkav²riyasam±dh²namadhivacana½. Micch±v±c±dayo tayo tath± pavatt± cetan±. Micch±sati pana cittupp±do. Micch±ñ±ºa½ tath± pavatto moho. Micch±vimutti lokath³pik±d²su mokkhoti pavattamicch±g±ho.

K±raº³pac±ren±ti l±bhahetuko l±bho, al±bhahetuko al±bhoti-±din± k±riyassa k±raºavasena upacaraºena. Lokadhammaggahaºanti lokadhammaggahaºena gahaºa½.

¾v±se macchariya½, ±v±sahetuka½ v± macchariyanti ±v±samacchariya½. Eva½ kulamacchariy±d²nipi. Tattha ±v±soti vih±r±di. Kulanti upaµµh±kakula½, ñ±tikulañca. L±bhoti paccayal±bhoyeva. Vaººoti sar²ravaººo ca guºavaººo ca. Dhammoti ±gamo, adhigamo ca.

“Tayo”ti vatthu½ abhinditv± vutta½, bhinditv± ca pana vuccam±ne dv±dasa honti.

Abhisajjan³panayhanavasena pavattanato abhijjh±by±p±d±na½ k±yaganthat± daµµhabb±. “Idameva sacca½ moghamaññan”ti eva½ avatthumhi pavatto abhiniveso ida½sacc±bhiniveso. S²labbatapar±m±sa-ida½sacc±bhinivesak±yaganth± cettha atthato diµµhiyeva, tasm± dhammato tayo k±yaganth±.

“Chandadosamohabhay±n²”ti agatik±raºatt± vutta½, chand±d²hi pana akattabbakaraºa½, kattabb±karaºañca agati n±ma.

¾savesu k±mar±gabhavar±g± atthato lobhoti dhammato tayo ±sav±.

Tesamev±ti k±mar±g±d²nameva. Te hi ogho viya attani patite ap±yasamudda½ p±penti, sa½s±radukkhato ca s²sa½ ukkhipitu½ na denti, khandh±d²ni ca khandh±d²hi yojenti.

K±mup±d±n±d²n²ti k±mup±d±nadiµµhup±d±nas²labbatup±d±na-attav±dup±d±n±ni. Diµµhup±d±n±d²ni cettha tath± pavatt± diµµhiyeva, k±mup±d±na½ lobhoti dhammato dve up±d±n±ni.

Satt±nusay±ti ettha yadi appah²naµµhena sattasant±ne anusent²ti anusay±. Kasm± satteva vutt±, nanu aññesampi kiles±na½ appah²nabh±vo vijjat²ti? Na maya½ appah²namattena anusaya½ vad±ma, kintu appah²nabh±vena th±magatakiles± anusay±ti, th±magamanañca nesa½ aññehi as±dh±raºo sabh±vo daµµhabbo. Tath± hi dhammasabh±vavedin± tath±gatena imeyeva anusay± vutt±, k±mar±goyeva anusayo k±mar±g±nusayo. Eva½ sesesupi. Apare pana “k±mar±gassa anusayo”ti-±dinibbacana½ vatv± k±mar±g±d²na½ b²jabh³t± attabh±vassa kilesasambh³t± kilesupp±danasatti anusay±ti vaººenti, tesa½ matapaµikkhepo idha papañc±vahatt± an±haµo.

P±ºassa atip±to p±º±tip±to, p±ºoti voh±rato satto, paramatthato j²vitindriya½. Tasmi½ p±ºe p±ºasaññino j²vitindriyupacchedakappayogasamuµµh±pik± vadhakacetan± p±º±tip±to. Parabhaº¹e tath±saññino tad±d±yakappayogasamuµµh±pik± theyyacetan± adinn±d±na½. Asaddhammak±mat±ya k±yadv±rappavatt± agantabbaµµh±nav²tikkamacetan± k±mesumicch±c±ro. Abh³ta½ vatthu½ bh³tato para½ viññ±petuk±massa tath± viññ±panappayogasamuµµh±pik± cetan± mus±v±do. So pana parassa atthabhedakarova kammapatho, itaro kammameva. Sa½kiliµµhacittassa parabhedanak±mat±ya, attapiyakamyat±ya v± parabhedakappayogasamuµµh±pik± cetan± pisuºav±c±. S±pi dv²su bhinnesuyeva kammapatho. Paramammacchedakappayogasamuµµh±pik± ekantapharusacetan± pharusav±c±. Anatthaviññ±panappayogasamuµµh±pik± sa½kiliµµhacetan± samphappal±po n±ma. So pana parehi gahiteyeva kammapatho hoti. “Aho vateda½ mama hot³”ti eva½ parabhaº¹±bhijjh±yanalakkhaº± abhijjh±. “Aho vat±ya½ satto vinasseyy±”ti eva½ manopadosalakkhaºo by±p±do. “Natthi dinnan”ti-±din± nayena vipar²tadassanalakkhaº± micch±diµµhi. Ettha ca natthika-ahetuka-akiriyadiµµh²hiyeva kammapathabhedo.

Imesu ca p±º±tip±t±di tividha½ k±yakammameva. Ta½ k±yavac²dv±resuyeva uppajjati, na manodv±re. Tath± mus±v±d±di catubbidha½ vac²kammameva. Abhijjh±dika½ pana tividha½ manokammameva. Ta½ t²supi dv±resu pavattati. Dv±rantaresupi pavattam±nassa sakasakan±m±paricc±go vuttoyeva. Dhammato cettha ±dito satta cetan±sabh±v±, itare tayo cetan±sampayutt±ti daµµhabb±. Mah±s±vajja-appas±vajjappayog±dibhedo pana tattha tattha vuttanayena veditabbo.

Et±n²ti im±ni maggañ±º±ni. Yath±sambhavanti ta½ta½magg±nur³pa½.

Ap±ya½ gacchanti eteh²ti ap±yagaman²y±. Ses±ti na ap±yagaman²y±. O¼±rik±ti tatiyamaggena pah±tabb±vattha½ up±d±ya o¼±rik±. Ten±ha “sukhum± tatiyamaggañ±ºavajjh±”ti. Sukhum± k±mar±gapaµigh±ti sambandho. Catutthamaggañ±ºavajjh± ev±ti avadh±raºena paµhamamagg±divajjhata½ nivatteti. Na hi r³par±g±d²na½ ap±yag±miniy±vatth±pi atthi, yato te paµhamañ±ºavajjh±pi siyunti.

Yattha yattha pana eva-saddena avadh±raºa½ akatv± ya½ ya½ dutiyañ±ºavajjhanti v± tatiyañ±ºavajjhanti v± catutthañ±ºavajjhanti v± vakkhati, tattha tattha so so purimañ±ºehi hat±p±yagaman²y±dibh±vova hutv± upariñ±ºavajjho hot²ti veditabbo. Tena lobha…pe… catutthañ±ºavajjh±n²ti ettha lobh±dayo heµµhimamaggavajjh±pi honteva.

Yaseti pariv±re.

Dukkhe sukhanti saññ±cittavipall±s±ti sambandho.

Agatiyo paµhamamaggañ±ºavajjh±ti kiñc±pi chand±dayo taºh±disabh±v± uparimaggavajjh±, tath±pi tamm³lakassa akattabbakaraºassa, kattabb±karaºassa ca ap±yagaman²yat±ya paµhamamaggañ±ºavajjh±.

Kat±katakusal±kusalavisaya½ ya½ vippaµis±rabh³ta½ kukkucca½, ta½ idha tatiyañ±ºavajjha½ vutta½. Ya½ pana “kukkuccapakatat±ya ±patti½ ±pajjat²”ti vutta½ kukkucca½, ta½ sandh±ya “kukkuccavicikicch± sot±pattimaggena pah²yant²”ti (dha. sa. aµµha. 1176) dhammasaªgaº²-aµµhakath±ya½ vutta½, tasm± dvinna½ vacan±na½ aya½ adhipp±yo veditabbo. Aññesupi edisesu µh±nesu adhipp±yova pariyesitabbo, na virodhato paccetabba½. O¼±rik±navasesappah±na½ v± sandh±ya kukkuccassa paµhamatatiyañ±ºavajjhat± vutt±. Ya½ pana arahato uppajjam±na½ “bhagavat± paµikkhitta½ anuvasitv± anuvasitv± ±vasathapiº¹a½ bhuñjitunti kukkucc±yanto na paµiggahes²”ti (p±ci. 204) ±gata½ kukkucca½, na ta½ n²varaºa½. Na hi n²varaºa½ arahato uppajjati, n²varaºapatir³paka½ pana kappat²ti v²ma½sanabh³ta½ vinayakukkucca½ n±ma, ta½ tath±pavattacittupp±dova.

K±mar±gapaµigh±nusay± anusahagat± tatiyañ±ºavajjh±, o¼±rik±na½ pana dutiyañ±ºavajjhat± heµµh± vuttanay±va.

Akusalacittupp±da-ggahaºena cettha makkhapal±sam±y±s±µheyyathambhas±rambh±d²na½ saªgaho katoti daµµhabba½.

1376. Tena ten±ti tena tena gh±takena saddhi½. Ki½ panet±ni ete dhamme gh±tent±ni at²t±n±gate gh±tenti, ud±hu paccuppanneti. Ki½ panettha, yadi t±va at²t±n±gate, aphalo v±y±mo ±pajjati. Kasm±? Pah±tabb±na½ tad± natthit±ya. Atha paccuppanne, tath±pi aphalo v±y±mena saddhi½ pah±tabb±na½ atthit±ya. Ath±pi kathañci pah±na½ siy±, sa½kilesik± maggabh±van± ±pajjati pah±tabbappah±yak±na½ sah±vaµµh±nato? Saccameta½, ye pana maggena asamuggh±µitatt± k±raºal±bhe sati avassa½ uppajjan±rah± kiles±, te attano uppattiy± anuppattidhammata½ ±p±dent±ni et±ni te an±gate gh±tenti n±ma.

1377-82. Pariññ±d²ni kicc±n²ti pariññ±pah±nasacchikiriy±bh±van±vasena catt±ri kicc±ni. Vutt±n²ti “dukkha½ pariññeyyan”ti-±din± (sa½. ni. 5.1099), “yo, bhikkhave, dukkha½ passat²”ti-±din± (sa½. ni. 5.1100) ca vutt±ni. Sacc±bhisamayeti catunna½ ariyasacc±na½ paµivijjhanakkhaºe.

Yath±sabh±vatoti avipar²tasabh±vena. “J±nitabb±n²”ti vatv± katha½ paneta½ j±nitabba½, katha½ n±ma ekekassa ñ±ºassa ekakkhaºe catt±ri kicc±ni sambhavanti. Na hi t±disa½ kiñci loke diµµha½ atthi, na ca vacana½ labbhat²ti codana½ manasi nidh±ya tesa½ j±nanavidhi½ upam±vasena t±va dassetu½ “pad²po h²”ti-±di vutta½. Vida½set²ti dasseti. Pariy±diyat²ti khepeti.

1383-4. Pariññ±bhisamayen±ti anavasesato paricchijja j±nanasaªkh±tena paµivijjhanena. Abhisamet²ti asammohavasena paµivijjhati. Pah±n±bhisamayenev±ti samucchedappah±nasaªkh±tena paµivijjhanena asammohatova abhisameti. Bh±van±vidhin±ti sahaj±t±dipaccayat±vasena bh±van±bhisamayavidhin±. Maggañ±ºañhi samm±saªkapp±divasena maggapubbabh±gabh±van±sambh³tena ariyamaggabh±van±saªkh±tena paµivijjhanena abhisamet²ti aµµhaªgika½ magga½ asammohato paµivijjhati. Tañhi sampayuttadhammesu sammoha½ viddha½senta½ attanipi sammoha½ viddha½setiyeva. Nirodhanti nibb±na½. Sacchikarot²ti paccakkhakaraºavasena paµivijjhati. “Nirodha½ sacchikarot²”ti nirodhasaccameka½ ±rammaºapaµivedhena catt±ripi sacc±ni asammohapaµivedhena maggañ±ºa½ paµivijjhati.

Eva½ yuttivasena vibh±vita½ ekapaµivedha½ ±gamenapi s±dhetu½ “vuttampi cetan”ti-±di vutta½. Maggasamaªgissa ñ±ºanti hi “yo nu kho, ±vuso, dukkha½ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi, dukkhanirodhag±minipaµipadampi so passat²”ti (sa½. ni. 5.1100) ekasaccadassanasamaªgino aññasaccadassanasamaªgibh±vavic±raº±ya½ tamattha½ s±dhetu½ ±yasmat± gavampatittherena vutta½. Aññath± kam±bhisamaye sati purimadiµµhassa puna adassanato samuday±dipassato dukkh±didassana½ puna avattabba½ siy±. Id±ni panettha upam±sa½sandana½ karonto ±ha “pad²po”ti-±di. Nissay±bh±vahetut±ya dukkhapariññ±ya vaµµijjh±panasadisat±, paµipakkhaviddha½sanat±ya samudayappah±nassa andhak±ravin±sanasadisat±, ñ±º±lokaparibr³hanat±ya maggabh±van±ya ±lokavida½sanasadisat±, tena tena maggena yath± yath± nirodhassa sacchikiriy±, tath± tath± kilesasnehapariy±d±na½ hot²ti nirodhasacchikiriy±ya snehapariy±d±nasadisat± k±raº³pac±rena vutt±.

1385-6. Apar±yapi upam±ya tamattha½ dassento ±ha “uggacchanto”ti-±di. Obh±set²ti pak±seti. Paµihaññat²ti paµippassambheti. Etth±pi yath± s³riyo r³pagat±ni obh±seti, eva½ maggañ±ºa½ dukkha½ parij±n±ti. Yath± andhak±ra½ vin±seti, eva½ samudaya½ pajahati. Yath± ±loka½ dasseti, eva½ sahaj±t±dipaccayat±ya magga½ bh±veti Yath± s²ta½ paµippassambheti, eva½ sabbakilesadarathapari¼±hapaµippassaddhibh³ta½ nirodha½ sacchikarot²ti upam±sa½sandana½ daµµhabba½.

1388. Appet²ti pappoti. Dukkhapariññ±ya sakk±yat²rasamatikkamabh±vato orimat²rappajahanasadisat±, maggabh±van±ya sattati½sabodhipakkhiyadhammavahanat±ya bhaº¹avahanasadisat±, ett±vat± paññ±bh±van±ya n±n±kilesaviddha½sanavasappavatto ±nisa½so dassito hot²ti.

Ariyaphalasam±pattinirodhasam±pattiyopi panass± ±nisa½s±ti daµµhabba½. T± pana saªkhepato eva½ daµµhabb±– “ariyaphalasam±patt²”ti hi catunnampi phalaµµh±na½ attano attano ariyaphalassa diµµhadhammasukhavih±rattha½ nirodhe appan±. Catt±ropi hi ariyapuggal± saka½ saka½ phalasam±patti½ sam±pajjanti. Keci pana “an±g±mi-arahantova sam±pajjanti sam±dhismi½ parip³rak±rit±y±”ti vadanti, ta½ ak±raºa½ attan± paµiladdhasam±pattisam±pajjane sam±dhismi½ parip³rak±rit±ya k±tabb±bh±vato. Sabbaso asamucchinnakilesassa hi puthujjanass±pi attan± paµiladdhalokiyasam±pattisam±pajjana½ labbhati, kimaªga½ pana samucchinnekaccakiles±na½ ariy±na½. Uparim± pana heµµhima½ pubbe paµiladdhampi na sam±pajjanti puggalantarabh±va½ upagatatt±. Samuggh±µitakammakilesanirodhanena hi puthujjanehi viya sot±pannassa, sot±pann±d²hi sakad±g±mi-±d²na½ puggalantarabh±v³pagamana½ atthi, anantaraphalatt± ca lokuttarakusal±na½ heµµhimato uparimo bhavantaragato viya hot²ti tassa tassa ariyassa ta½ ta½ phala½ bhavaªgasadisa½ hoti, tasm± puggalantarabh±v³pagamanena paµippassaddhatt± natthi uparimassa heµµhimaphalasam±pattiy± sam±pajjana½, heµµhimo pana uparima½ na sam±pajjati anadhigatatt±ti catt±ropi puggal± sakasakaphalameva sam±pajjanti. Ta½ pana sam±pajjituk±mena ariyas±vakena rahogatena paµisall²nena udayabbay±divasena saªkh±r± vipassitabb±. Tassa pavatt±nupubbavipassanassa saªkh±r±rammaºagotrabhuñ±º±nantara½ phalasam±pattivasena nirodhe citta½ appeti. Phalasam±pattininnacittat±ya cettha sekhassa phalameva uppajjati, na maggo. Añño eva hi vipassan±c±ro ariyamagg±vaho, añño phalasam±patti-±vaho.

Tath± hi ariyamaggav²thiya½ anulomañ±º±ni anibbiddhapubb±na½ th³lath³lalobhakkhandh±d²na½ s±tisaya½ pad±lanena lokiyañ±ºesu ukka½sap±ramippatt±ni magg±nuk³l±ni hutv± uppajjanti, phalasam±pattiv²thiya½ pana t±ni tena tena maggena tesa½ tesa½ kiles±na½ samucchinnatt± kilesavikkhambhane nirussukk±ni kevala½ ariy±na½ phalasam±pattisukhasamaªgibh±vassa parikammappatt±ni hutv± uppajjant²ti na tesa½ kutoci vuµµh±nasambhavo. Yato nesa½ pacchimo saªkh±ranimittato vuµµhahitv± maggassa anantarapaccayo bhaveyya, teneva ca phalasam±pattiy± anantarapaccayabh³ta½ ñ±ºa½ saªkh±r±rammaºameva hoti, na nibb±n±rammaºanti veditabba½. Pubb±bhisaªkh±ravasena cass± pabandhavasena pavattiparicchinnak±l±pagame bhavaªgavasena tato vuµµh±nañca veditabba½.

Nirodhasam±patti pana tatiyacatutthaphalaµµh±na½ anupubbanirodhavasena cittacetasik±na½ dhamm±na½ appavatti. An±g±mi-arahantoyeva hi k±macchand±disamucchindanena sam±dhismi½ parip³rak±rit±ya samathaphalasamann±gatatt± nirodha½ sam±pajjanti. Tath± heta½ samathavipassan±na½ yuganandhabh±vappavattanavasena dv²hi balehi samann±gatasseva sambhavati, tasm± ta½ sam±pajjituk±mena an±g±min±, kh²º±savena v± aµµhasam±pattil±bhin± rahogatena paµisall²nena paµhamajjh±na½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya tattha saªkh±r± aniccato dukkhato anattato vipassitabb±, tato dutiya½ tatiya½ catuttha½ ±k±s±nañc±yatana½ viññ±ºañc±yatana½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya tatheva tattha saªkh±r± sammasitabb±, atha ±kiñcaññ±yatana½ sam±pajjitv± vuµµh±ya n±n±baddh±vikopana½ saªghapaµim±nana½ satthupakkosana½ addh±naparicchedoti catubbidha½ pubbakicca½ k±tabba½.

Tattha sar²rato visa½yutt± mañcap²µh±dayo satt±habbhantare yath± na nassanti, tath± adhiµµh±na½ n±n±baddh±vikopana½. Sar²rasa½yutte visu½ adhiµµh±nakicca½ natthi. Saªgho pana ñattikamm±d²su kiñcideva kamma½ kattuk±mo “y±va ma½ na pakkosati, t±vadeva vuµµhahiss±m²”ti pubb±bhogakaraºa½ saªghapaµim±nana½. Satth± ca “sikkh±padapaññ±pan±d²su y±va ma½ na pakkosati, t±vadeva vuµµhahiss±m²”ti pubb±bhogakaraºa½ satthupakkosana½. Satt±habbhantare attano ±yusaªkh±rassa pavattanasamatthat±valokana½ addh±naparicchedo. Eva½ katapubbakiccena nevasaññ±n±saññ±yatana½ sam±pajjitabba½. Atheka½ v± dve v± cittav±re atikkamitv± acittako hoti, nirodha½ phusati, tato yath±pariccheda½ tatiyacatutthaphal±na½ aññatarena nirodh± vuµµhahissat²ti. Evamaya½ duvidh± sam±patti lokuttarapaññ±ya ±nisa½so.

1392-4. Sadevakalokato uttiººena, uttaritarena v±ti lokuttarena samm±sambuddhena. Paññ±ya bh±vananti sambandho. Hitabh±vananti idhalokaparalokahitavibh±vana½ ima½ paññ±bh±vana½. Sukhasa½hitanti siniddhacch±yudakavantat±din± sukhasahita½. Hitanti yogakammassa hita½ Uttamanti uggatatama½, accuggata½ balavantamp²ti adhipp±yo. Aviggahakampadanti viggahañca kampañca na det²ti aviggahakampadanti attho.

Iti abhidhammatthavik±siniy± n±ma

Abhidhamm±vat±rasa½vaººan±ya

Kilesappah±nakath±vaººan± niµµhit±.