1. M³layamaka½

Uddesav±ravaººan±

1. M³layamaka½ khandhayamaka½, ±yatanayamaka½, dh±tuyamaka½, saccayamaka½, saªkh±rayamaka½, anusayayamaka½, cittayamaka½, dhammayamaka½, indriyayamakanti imesa½ dasanna½ yamak±na½ vasena ida½ pakaraºa½ dasavidhena vibhattanti hi vutta½. Tattha yesa½ dasanna½ yamak±na½ vasena ida½ pakaraºa½ dasavidhena vibhatta½, tesañceva imassa ca pakaraºassa n±mattho t±va eva½ veditabbo– kenaµµhena yamakanti? Yuga¼aµµhena. Yuga¼añhi yamakanti vuccati– ‘yamakap±µih±riya½, yamakas±l±’ti-±d²su viya. Iti yuga¼asaªkh±t±na½ yamak±na½ vasena desitatt± imesu dasasu ekeka½ yamaka½ n±ma. Imesa½ pana yamak±na½ sam³habh±vato sabbampeta½ pakaraºa½ yamakanti veditabba½.
Tattha m³lavasena pucch±vissajjana½ katv± desitatt± dasanna½ t±va sabbapaµhama½ m³layamakanti vutta½. Tassa uddesav±ro, niddesav±roti dve v±r± honti Tesu uddiµµh±nukkamena niddisitabbatt± uddesav±ro paµhamo. Tassa ye keci kusal± dhamm±, sabbe te kusalam³l±; ye v± pana kusalam³l±, sabbe te dhamm± kusal±ti ida½ yamaka½ ±di Tassa kusal±kusalam³lasaªkh±t±na½ dvinna½ atth±na½ vasena atthayamakanti v±, tesaññeva atth±na½ vasena anulomapaµilomato pavattap±¼idhammavasena dhammayamakanti v±, anulomapaµilomato pavattapucch±vasena pucch±yamakanti v± tidh± yamakabh±vo veditabbo. Sesesupi eseva nayo.
Id±ni imesa½ yamak±na½ vasena desite imasmi½ m³layamake uddesav±rassa t±va nayayamakapucch±-atthav±rappabhedavasena p±¼ivavatth±nameva eva½ veditabba½– kusalattikam±tik±ya hi ‘kusal± dhamm±’ti ida½ ±dipada½ niss±ya m³lanayo, m³lam³lanayo, m³lakanayo, m³lam³lakanayoti ime catt±ro nay± honti. Tesa½ ekekasmi½ naye m³layamaka½, ekam³layamaka½, aññamaññam³layamakanti t²ºi t²ºi yamak±ni. Eva½ cat³su nayesu dv±dasa yamak±ni, ekekasmi½ yamake anulomapaµilomavasena dve dve pucch±ti catuv²sati pucch±, ekek±ya pucch±ya sanniµµh±nasa½sayavasena dve dve atth±ti aµµhacatt±l²sa atth±ti.
Tattha ye keci kusal± dhamm±ti kusalesu “kusal± nu kho, na kusal± nu kho”ti sandeh±bh±vato imasmi½ pade sanniµµh±nattho veditabbo. Sabbe te kusalam³l±ti “sabbe te kusal± dhamm± kusalam³l± nu kho, nanu kho”ti eva½ vimativasena pucchitatt± imasmi½ pade sa½sayattho veditabbo. So ca kho veneyy±na½ sa½sayaµµh±ne sa½sayad²panattha½ vutto, tath±gatassa pana sa½sayo n±ma natthi. Ito paresupi pucch±padesu eseva nayo.
Yath± ca kusalapada½ niss±ya ime catt±ro nay±, ekekasmi½ naye tiººa½ tiººa½ yamak±na½ vasena dv±dasa yamak±ni, ekekasmi½ yamake dvinna½ dvinna½ pucch±na½ vasena catuv²sati pucch±; ekek±ya pucch±ya dvinna½ dvinna½ atth±na½ vasena aµµhacatt±l²sa atth± ca honti. Akusalapada½ niss±yapi tatheva. Aby±katapada½ niss±yapi tatheva. T²ºipi pad±ni ekato katv± niddiµµha½ n±mapada½ niss±yapi tathev±ti kusalattikam±tik±ya cat³su padesu sabbepi so¼asa nay±, aµµhacatt±l²sa yamak±ni channavuti pucch±, dvenavutisata½ atth± ca uddesavasena vutt±ti veditabb±. Ett±vat± m³lav±ro n±ma paµhama½ uddiµµho hoti.
Tato para½ ye keci kusal± dhamm±, sabbe te kusalahet³ti-±dayo tasseva m³lav±rassa vevacanavasena nava v±r± uddiµµh±. Iti m³lav±ro, hetuv±ro, nid±nav±ro, sambhavav±ro, pabhavav±ro, samuµµh±nav±ro, ±h±rav±ro, ±rammaºav±ro, paccayav±ro, samudayav±roti sabbepi dasa v±r± honti. Tattha m³lav±re ±gataparicchedeneva sesesupi nay±dayo veditabb±ti sabbesupi dasasu v±resu saµµhisatanay±, as²ti-adhik±ni catt±ri yamakasat±ni, saµµhi-adhik±ni navapucch±sat±ni, v²s±dhik±ni ek³nav²sati atthasat±ni ca uddiµµh±n²ti veditabb±ni. Eva½ t±va uddesav±re nayayamakapucch±-atthav±rappabhedavasena p±¼ivavatth±nameva veditabba½.
M³la½ hetu nid±nañc±ti g±th± dasannampi v±r±na½ udd±nag±th± n±ma. Tattha m³l±d²ni sabb±nipi k±raºavevacan±neva. K±raºañhi patiµµh±naµµhena m³la½. Attano phalanipph±danattha½ hinoti pavattat²ti hetu. ‘Handa, na½ gaºh±th±’ti dassenta½ viya attano phala½ nidet²ti nid±na½. Etasm± phala½ sambhot²ti sambhavo. Pabhavat²ti pabhavo. Samuµµh±ti ettha phala½, etena v± samuµµh±t²ti samuµµh±na½. Attano phala½ ±harat²ti ±h±ro. Appaµikkhipitabbena attano phalena ±lambiyat²ti ±lambaºa½. Eta½ paµicca appaµikkhipitv± phala½ eti pavattat²ti paccayo. Etasm± phala½ samudet²ti samudayo. Evametesa½ pad±na½ vacanattho veditabbo.

Uddesav±ravaººan±.

Niddesav±ravaººan±

50. Id±ni yekeci kusal± dhamm±ti-±din± nayena niddesav±ro ±raddho. Tattha ye kec²ti anavasesavacana½. Kusal± dhamm±ti kusalattikassa padabh±jane vuttalakkhaº± anavajjasukhavip±k± kusalasabh±v±. Sabbe te kusalam³l±ti ki½ te sabbeyeva kusalam³l±ti pucchati. T²ºeva kusalam³l±n²ti na te sabbe kusalam³l±ni, alobh±d²ni pana t²ºi eva kusalam³l±n²ti attho. Avases± kusal± dhamm± na kusalam³l±ti avases± phass±dayo kusal± dhamm± kusalam³l±ni n±ma na honti. Atha v± avases± phass±dayo kusal± dhamm±yeva n±ma, na kusalam³l±n²tipi attho. Ye v± pana kusalam³l±ti ye v± pana paµhamapucch±ya dutiyapadena kusalam³l±ti tayo alobh±dayo gahit±. Sabbe te dhamm± kusal±ti ki½ te sabbe tayopi dhamm± kusal±ti pucchati. ¾mant±ti sabbesampi kusalam³l±na½ kusalabh±va½ sampaµicchanto ±ha. Aya½ t±va m³lanaye m³layamakassa attho. Imin± up±yena sabbapucch±su vissajjananayo veditabbo. Ya½ pana yattha visesamatta½ atthi, tadeva vaººayiss±ma.
51. Ekam³layamake t±va sabbe te kusalam³lena ekam³l±ti gaºanaµµhena ekam³laka½ aggahetv± sam±naµµhena gahetabb±. Ayañhettha attho– sabbe te kusalam³lena sam±nam³l±. Ya½ phassassa m³la½, tadeva vedan±d²nanti. Atha nesa½ tath±bh±va½ sampaµicchanto ±mant±ti ±ha. Kusalasamuµµh±nanti kusalacittasamuµµh±nar³pa½ dassita½. Ekam³lanti alobh±din± kusalam³lena sam±nam³la½ Yatheva hi phass±d²na½ alobh±dayo hetupaccayatt± m³la½, tath± ta½ samuµµh±nar³pass±pi, kusalalakkhaº±bh±vena pana ta½ na kusala½.
52. Aññamaññayamake ‘yekeci kusal±’ti apucchitv± yekeci kusalam³lena ekam³l±ti pucch± kat±. Kasm±? Imin±pi byañjanena tassevatthassa sambhavato. Kusalam³l±n²ti ida½ purimassa visesana½. ‘M³l±ni y±ni ekato uppajjant²’ti hi vutta½, t±ni pana kusalam³l±nipi honti akusala-aby±katam³l±nipi, idha kusalam³l±n²ti visesadassanatthamida½ vutta½. Aññamaññam³l±ni c±ti aññamañña½ hetupaccayena paccay± hont²ti attho. Tasseva paµilomapucch±ya ‘sabbe te dhamm± kusalam³lena ekam³l±’ti avatv± sabbe te dhamm± kusal±ti vutta½. Kasm±? Atthavises±bh±vato. Kusalam³lena ekam³l±ti hi pucch±ya kat±ya ‘m³l±ni y±ni ekato uppajjant²’ti heµµh± vuttanayeneva vissajjana½ k±tabba½ bhaveyya, evañca sati atthavises±bh±vo hoti. Tasm± tath± akatv± eva½ pucch± kat±. Imin± up±yena m³lam³lanay±d²supi aññamaññam³layamake pucch±viseso veditabbo.
53-55. M³lam³lanaye sabbe te kusalam³lam³l±ti sabbe te kusalam³lasaªkh±t± m³l±ti pucchati. Ekam³lam³l±ti sam±naµµhena ekameva m³lam³la½ etesanti ekam³lam³l±. Aññamaññam³lam³l±ti aññamaññassa m³la½ aññamaññam³la½, aññamaññam³la½ hetupaccayaµµhena m³la½ etesanti aññamaññam³lam³l±.
56. M³lakanaye kusalam³lak±ti hetupaccayaµµhena kusala½ m³la½ etesanti kusalam³lak±.
57-61. M³lam³lakanaye kusalam³lam³lak±ti kusal±na½ m³la½ kusalam³la½. Hetupaccayaµµheneva kusalam³la½ m³la½ etesanti kusalam³lam³lak±ti. Aya½ t±va kusalapada½ niss±ya nayayamakapucch±su visesattho.
62-73. Akusalapad±d²supi eseva nayo. Aya½ pana viseso, ahetuka½ akusalanti vicikicch±ya ceva uddhaccena ca sampayutta½ moha½ sandh±ya vutta½.
74-85. Ahetuka½ aby±katanti aµµh±rasa cittupp±d± r³pa½, nibb±nañca. Aby±katam³lena na ekam³lanti idha pana µhapetv± sahetuka-aby±katasamuµµh±na½ r³pa½, sesa½ labbhati. Sahetuka-aby±katasamuµµh±na½ r³pa½ aby±katam³lena ekam³la½ hoti, ta½ abboh±rika½ katv± ekato labbham±nakavaseneva ceta½ vissajjana½ kata½.
86-97. N±m± dhamm±ti n±masaªkh±t± dhamm±. Te atthato catt±ro ar³pino khandh±, nibb±nañca. Naveva n±mam³l±n²ti kusal±kusala-aby±katam³lavasena nava m³l±ni. Ahetuka½ n±ma½ n±mam³lena na ekam³lanti ahetuka½ sabbampi aµµh±rasa cittupp±davicikicchuddhaccasampayuttamohanibb±nasaªkh±ta½ n±ma½ n±mam³lena na ekam³la½ Na hi ta½ tena saddhi½ uppajjati. Sahetuka½ n±ma½ n±mam³len±ti padepi sahetuka½ n±ma½ n±mam³len±ti attho. Sesa½ sabbattha utt±natthamev±ti.

M³lav±ravaººan±.

98-99. Hetuv±r±d²supi imin±vup±yena attho veditabbo. M³la½ hetu nid±nañc±tig±th± yath±niddiµµh±na½ dasannampi v±r±na½ puna udd±navaseneva vutt±ti.

M³layamakavaººan±.